System R

1

• System RD on Multi-Standard RF Transceiver for
  3G and beyond

Advanced System Technology
2
Overview

• Radio front end for 3G wireless terminals and
  beyond driving aspects , re-configurable RF
  front end , technology
• Multimode receiver architecture - key aspects
  of the receiver and architecture - research
  technology areas
• Multimode transmit chain - key aspects of the
  transmit chain- research technology areas
• Summary

3
THE PATH TOWARD 4G (Europe)
2.5G
2G
3.5G
GPRS
EDGE
4G
200 KHz 8PSK 384kbps
200 KHz GMSK multislot 115kbps
3G
?
WCDMATDD 2Mbps HSDPA 10Mbps
MCCDMA 100Mbps
WCDMA FDD 1.9-2.2GHz
5MHz HPSK 384kbps/2Mbps
WLAN 802.11a 5GHz
WLAN 802.11b 2.4GHz
20MHz OFDM 54Mbps
20MHz DSSS 11Mbps
HIPERLAN2 5GHz
20MHz OFDM 54Mbps
4
MULTIMODE 3G TERMINALS
-transceiver architecture -Passive
comp.integration -Technology partitionning
-Power amplifier system -Technology partitionning
5
Transceiver component count and board area
6
The handover issue

• Simultaneous reception in multiple standards or
  discontinuous reception (compressed mode) ?
• Simultaneous reception main drawback parallel
  transceivers for the different standards have to
  be implemented in the same phone
• ? cost and battery life are affected
• Discontinuous reception allows use of
  reconfigurable architectures (lower cost and
  longer battery life) but effect of discontinuous
  connection of the mobile on the network operation
  is not clear

7
3G Multimode Terminal

• The velcro solution duplication of physical
  layers

8
WCDMA FDD CHIP SET REFENCE DESIGN
9
3G Reconfigurable Terminal
10
3G multimode system approach

• Architecture global considerations of RF system
  to achieve good balance between performance and
  current consumption.
• Receiver from antenna to ADC converter
  Digital Filtering
• Transmit consider the power amplifier in the
  global definition of the transmit chain
• Design and implementation co-design with
  different technologies (ICs , passives , MEMS )
  should allow optimum power consumption requires
  CAD tools characterization models with
  parasitic effects

11
multimode enabling technologies

• Semiconductor - deep submicron CMOS for
  reconfigurable functions such as analog BB ,
  analog filters ,synthesizers , digital filters
  and future combination with digital BB
  functions- SiGe for high sensitivity (low noise
  with optimum power consumption) high linearity RF
  front end functions .- Mix of technologies
  inside modules for power amplification GaAs HBT
  for high linearity standards , LDMOS for low cost
  /low linearity modulations , CMOS for
  linearisation functions
• Passives high Q passive components for
  integration in ICs or on dedicated technologies
  to reduce the radio bill of material .
• RF filters Small selective RF filters for
  multimode receivers covering .9 to 5GHz with low
  losses (FBAR?)
• MEMs mems switches if they have low cost ,
  reliability , low actuation voltage could
  simplify the architecture of multimode radios .
• Antennas small and integrated antennas will be
  mandatory for future MIMO architectures

12
RECEIVE PATH KEY ASPECTS

• Re-configurable receiver has to be compatible
  with the multi-standard handover issue
• Receiver architecture and technology partitioning
  has to address high sensitivity requirements
  (-117dBm in UMTS)
• Receiver architecture and basic blocks
  performances have to be compatible with multiple
  bands and both TDD and FDD access
• Frequency Synthesizers have to be fast for
  handover issue and cover multiple bands

13
Multimode direct conversion receiver for mobile
terminal
14
RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY AREAS

• Architectures for re-configurable multi-band
  receivers ZIF requires re-configurable analog
  baseband Ips (filters , ADCs,) in deep
  sub-micron CMOS
• Fast lock-time multi-band synthesizers with
  integrated VCOs
• RF filters to replace SAW
• MEMs configuration switches with low actuation
  voltages
• What about RF band-pass sampling in a far future
  ?

15
TRANSMIT PATH KEY ASPECTS

• The transmit path has to up-convert and amplify
  signal with constant (GMSK)or variable envelops
  (WCDMA, EDGE)
• TX architecture has to be compatible with both
  types of modulation
• The RF power amplifier is the biggest contributor
  on battery life of the whole radio

16
WCDMA Power Amplifier Output Power
17
RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY AREAS

• Transmit path architectures find architectures
  for multi-bands , multiple types of modulations
  and OFDM in the future . Direct conversion ,
  polar modulations ,
• Linearisation techniques to enhance the
  efficiency of RF power amplifiers
• What about mems for reconfigurable matching
  networks inside power amplifiers ?

18
SUMMARY

• The trend is to re-configurable radio front-ends
  for multiple reasons multi-standard , cost ,
  small form factors , MIMO , future ubiquitos
  systems
• The transceiver has to be considered globally
  from antenna to digital baseband and use multiple
  technologies in a power conscious co-design
• Some key functions re-configurable analog and
  mixed blocks in deep sub-micron CMOS ,
  low-noise/low power SiGe blocks for high
  sensitivity front-ends
• Techniques for efficient RF power amplification
  will be mandatory to save battery life
• New technologies like MEMS , FBAR could play
  significant role if mature