The Role of the United Nations In Space Security

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The Role of the United NationsIn Space Security

• Mazlan Othman
• National Space Agency (ANGKASA)
• Malaysia

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UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY

• 1st Committee (Disarmament and International
  Security)
• Conference on Disarmament
• 4th Committee (Special Political and
  Decolonisation)
• UN Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space

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• UN First Committee
• Conference on Disarmament (CD) established in
  1979
• TOR includes all multilateral arms control and
  
• disarmament
• Includes prevention of an arms race in outer
• space

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• Conference on Disarmament
• In 1985 established Ad Hoc committee on the
  Prevention of an Armed Race in Outer Space
  (PAROS)
• Attempt to formulate and adopt a treaty banning
  space weapons
• Call for the establishment of a link between
  space related work of the First and Fourth
  Committees

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UN Fourth Committee

• Agenda item International cooperation in the
  Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
• Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space

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• United Nations treaties
• Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of
  States in the
• Exploration and Use of Outer Space,
  including the Moon and
• Other Celestial Bodies (Outer Space Treaty)
• Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the
  Return of Astronauts
• and the Return of Objects Launched into
  Outer Space (Rescue
• Agreement)
• Convention on International Liability for
  Damage Caused by Space
• Objects (Liability Convention)
• D Convention on Registration of Objects
  Launched into Outer Space
• (Registration Convention)
• E Agreement Governing the Activities of States
  on the Moon and
• Other Celestial Bodies (Moon Treaty)

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• Principles adopted by the General Assembly
• Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the
  Activities of States
• in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space
• B Principles Governing the Use by States of
  Artificial Earth Satellites
• for International Direct Television
  Broadcasting
• Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the
  Earth from Outer
• Space
• Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power
  Sources in Outer
• Space
• Declaration on International Cooperation in the
  Exploration and Use of
• Outer Space for the Benefit and in the
  Interest of All States, Taking into
• Particular Account the Needs of Developing
  Countries

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• Outer Space Treaty
• Preambular paragraphs
• to refrain from placing in orbit around the
  Earth any objects carrying
• nuclear weapons or any other kinds of weapons
  of mass
• destruction..
• condemned propaganda designed or likely to
  provoke or encourage
• any threat to the peace, breach of the peace or
  act aggression

Article IV undertake not to place in orbit
around the Earth any objects carrying nuclear
weapons or any other kinds or weapons of mass
destruction establishment of military bases,
installations and fortifications.testing of
weapons military manoeuvers on celestial bodies
shall be forbidden
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Article XI States Partiesconducting activities
in outer space.agree to inform.to the greatest
extent feasible and practicable, of the nature,
conduct, locations and results of such activities
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Registration Convention Preambular
paragraph .a central register of objects
launched into outer space is established and
maintained, on a mandatory basis, by the
Secretary General of the United Nations
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Liability Convention Preambular paragraph in
the launching of space objects, damage on
occasion may be caused by such objects. Article
III In the event of damage being caused. to a
space objectby a space object of another
launching State, the latter shall be liable.

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• Moon Treaty
• Preambular paragraph
• Desiring to prevent the Moon from becoming an
  area of
• international conflict

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Article 3 Any threat or use of forceon the
Moon is prohibited shall not place in orbit
objects carrying nuclear weapons or weapons of
mass destruction establishment of military
bases, installations and fortifications.. testin
g of weapons military manoeuvers on celestial
bodies shall be forbidden
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• UNCOPUOS
• Scientific and Technical Subcommittee
  44thsession 2007
• Agenda Item on Space Debris
• Adopted the Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of
  the ST Subcommitee of COPUOS
• Reference to the Interagency Space Debris
  Coordination Committee )IADC)
• Reference to IADC Space Debris Mitigation
  Guidelines

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Guideline 4 Avoid intentional destruction and
other harmful activities Recognizing that an
increased risk of collision could pose a threat
to space operations, the intentional destruction
of any on-orbit spacecraft and launch vehicle
orbital stages or other harmful activities that
generate long-lived debris should be
avoided. When intentional break-ups are
necessary, they should be conducted at
sufficiently low altitudes to limit orbital
lifetime of resulting fragments
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• UNCOPUOS
• Legal Subcommittee 46th Session 2007
• Registration of space objects
• Growing complexity of registry
• Unidroit draft protocol on space assets
• Proposal for UN to assume the role of
  Supervisory Authority
• under the future space assets protocol

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• UNCOPUOS
• Committee of the Whole
• Ways and means of maintaining outer space for
  peaceful purposes
• Ad hoc statements made by delegations on
• disarmament and militarization of space

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• THE WAY FORWARD
• Space security issues should be approached in a
  holistic manner
• Code of conduct
• Space debris management
• Space traffic management
• Transparency, registration and confidence-building
  measures

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THE WAY FORWARD Resolutions to space security
issues should build on, or strengthen, or
institutionalize already existing treaties,
principles, plans, registers, research and
monitoring programmes and databases. VALUE OF
ENGAGEMENT THROUGH DIPLOMACY AND CONSULTATION
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THANK YOU
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ACOUSTIC CHAMBER
EMC TEST FACILITY
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