Chapter 6

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Chapter 6 The Skeletal System Axial Division
The Cranial Bones and Features
The Facial Bones and Features
Surface Features of the Skull
The Vertebrae
The Thoracic Cage
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FINAL ROUND
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Topic 1 100 Question

• Which cranial bone contributes to partially form
  the walls of the jugular foramen?
• a. sphenoid
• b. temporal
• c. mandible
• d. None of the above.

ANSWER
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3
Topic 1 100 Answer

• Which cranial bone contributes to partially form
  the walls of the jugular foramen?
• a. sphenoid
• b. temporal
• c. mandible
• d. None of the above.

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4
Topic 1 200 Question

• Which structure is found immediately posterior
  and lateral to the mandibular fossa?
• a. squamous portion of temporal bone
• b. tympanic portion of temporal bone
• c. temporal process of temporal bone
• d. mastoid process of temporal bone

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ANSWER
5
Topic 1 200 Answer

• Which structure is found immediately posterior
  and lateral to the mandibular fossa?
• a. squamous portion of temporal bone
• b. tympanic portion of temporal bone
• c. temporal process of temporal bone
• d. mastoid process of temporal bone

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6
Topic 1 300 Question

• Which of the following structures is/are not part
  of the sphenoid bone?
• a. anterior clinoid process
• b. cribriform plate
• c. dorsum sellae
• d. pterygoid processes

ANSWER
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7
Topic 1 300 Answer

• Which of the following structures is/are not part
  of the sphenoid bone?
• a. anterior clinoid process
• b. cribriform plate
• c. dorsum sellae
• d. pterygoid processes

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8
Topic 1 400 Question

• Regarding the sella turcica, which structure
  extends laterally on either side of the dorsum
  sellae?
• a. tuberculum sellae
• b. anterior clinoid process
• c. pterygoid process
• d. posterior clinoid process

ANSWER
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9
Topic 1 400 Answer

• Regarding the sella turcica, which structure
  extends laterally on either side of the dorsum
  sellae?
• a. tuberculum sellae
• b. anterior clinoid process
• c. pterygoid process
• d. posterior clinoid process

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10
Topic 1 500 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone is
  incorrect?
• a. It forms part of the nasal septum, a
  partition which also includes the vomer and a
  piece of hyaline cartilage.
• b. Olfactory receptors are located in the
  epithelium covering the inferior portion of the
  perpendicular plate.
• c. The nasal conchae project into the nasal
  cavity on either side of the perpendicular plate.
• d. None of the above.

ANSWER
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11
Topic 1 500 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone is
  incorrect?
• a. It forms part of the nasal septum, a
  partition which also includes the vomer and a
  piece of hyaline cartilage.
• b. Olfactory receptors are located in the
  epithelium covering the inferior portion of the
  perpendicular plate.
• c. The nasal conchae project into the nasal
  cavity on either side of the perpendicular plate.
• d. None of the above.

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12
Topic 2 100 Question

• Which facial bone bears a mylohyoid line that
  lies on the medial aspect of its body, which
  marks the origin of the mylohyoid muscle?
• a. palatine
• b. maxilla
• c. vomer
• d. mandible

ANSWER
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13
Topic 2 100 Answer

• Which facial bone bears a mylohyoid line that
  lies on the medial aspect of its body, which
  marks the origin of the mylohyoid muscle?
• a. palatine
• b. maxilla
• c. vomer
• d. mandible

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14
Topic 2 200 Question

• Which maxillary feature penetrates the orbital
  rim, marking the path of a major sensory nerve
  from the face?
• a. inferior orbital fissure
• b. infra-orbital foramen
• c. infra-orbital groove
• d. supra-orbital foramen

ANSWER
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15
Topic 2 200 Answer

• Which maxillary feature penetrates the orbital
  rim, marking the path of a major sensory nerve
  from the face?
• a. inferior orbital fissure
• b. infra-orbital foramen
• c. infra-orbital groove
• d. supra-orbital foramen

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16
Topic 2 300 Question

• Which structures form the superior wall of the
  nasal cavities?
• a. frontal, vomer, and ethmoid
• b. vomer, sphenoid, and ethmoid
• c. inferior nasal conchae, frontal, and ethmoid
• d. frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid

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ANSWER
17
Topic 2 300 Answer

• Which structures form the superior wall of the
  nasal cavities?
• a. frontal, vomer, and ethmoid
• b. vomer, sphenoid, and ethmoid
• c. inferior nasal conchae, frontal, and ethmoid
• d. frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid

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18
Topic 2 400 Question

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe the paranasal sinuses?
• a. They function to lighten skull bones, produce
  mucus, and resonate during sound production.
• b. They are present in the frontal bone,
  sphenoid, ethmoid, and inferior nasal conchae.
• c. Ciliated epithelium passes mucus from the
  paranasal sinuses back toward the throat.
• d. Incoming air is humidified and warmed as it
  flows across the mucus carpet.

ANSWER
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19
Topic 2 400 Answer

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe the paranasal sinuses?
• a. They function to lighten skull bones, produce
  mucus, and resonate during sound production.
• b. They are present in the frontal bone,
  sphenoid, ethmoid, and inferior nasal conchae.
• c. Ciliated epithelium passes mucus from the
  paranasal sinuses back toward the throat.
• d. Incoming air is humidified and warmed as it
  flows across the mucus carpet.

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20
Topic 2 500 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  palatine bones is incorrect?
• a. The nasal crest, a ridge that forms where the
  left and right palatine bones interconnect, marks
  the articulation with the maxillae.
• b. The perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
  articulates with the maxillae, sphenoid, ethmoid,
  and inferior nasal conchae.
• c. The medial surface of the perpendicular plate
  of the palatine bones has two ridges the
  conchal crest and the ethmoidal crest.
• d. None of the above.

ANSWER
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21
Topic 2 500 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding the
  palatine bones is incorrect?
• a. The nasal crest, a ridge that forms where the
  left and right palatine bones interconnect, marks
  the articulation with the maxillae.
• b. The perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
  articulates with the maxillae, sphenoid, ethmoid,
  and inferior nasal conchae.
• c. The medial surface of the perpendicular plate
  of the palatine bones has two ridges the
  conchal crest and the ethmoidal crest.
• d. None of the above.

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22
Topic 3 100 Question

• Which of the following structures is/are
  supported by the posterior cranial fossae?
• a. cerebellum
• b. occipital lobes of cerebral hemispheres
• c. medulla oblongata
• d. All of the above.

ANSWER
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23
Topic 3 100 Answer

• Which of the following structures is/are
  supported by the posterior cranial fossae?
• a. cerebellum
• b. occipital lobes of cerebral hemispheres
• c. medulla oblongata
• d. All of the above.

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24
Topic 3 200 Question

• Which bone has an area on its superior surface
  which has openings that allow for the passage of
  branches of the olfactory nerves?
• a. ethmoid
• b. sphenoid
• c. nasal
• d. frontal

ANSWER
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25
Topic 3 200 Answer

• Which bone has an area on its superior surface
  which has openings that allow for the passage of
  branches of the olfactory nerves?
• a. ethmoid
• b. sphenoid
• c. nasal
• d. frontal

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26
Topic 3 300 Question

• Which of the following bones articulate with the
  zygomatic bones?
• a. frontal, ethmoid, and maxillae
• b. temporal, ethmoid, and inferior nasal conchae
• c. frontal, temporal, sphenoid, and maxillae
• d. frontal, temporal, ethmoid, and maxillae

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ANSWER
27
Topic 3 300 Answer

• Which of the following bones articulate with the
  zygomatic bones?
• a. frontal, ethmoid, and maxillae
• b. temporal, ethmoid, and inferior nasal conchae
• c. frontal, temporal, sphenoid, and maxillae
• d. frontal, temporal, ethmoid, and maxillae

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28
Topic 3 400 Question

• Which of the following is/are considered to be
  internal structures?
• a. the sella turcica
• b. the anterior and posterior clinoid processes
• c. the optic groove
• d. B and C

ANSWER
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29
Topic 3 400 Answer

• Which of the following is/are considered to be
  internal structures?
• a. the sella turcica
• b. the anterior and posterior clinoid processes
• c. the optic groove
• d. B and C

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30
Topic 3 500 Question

• Which of the following statements is false?
• a. The foramen spinosum of the sphenoid functions
  as a passageway for vessels to membranes around
  the brain.
• b. The foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone
  functions as a passageway for nerves that control
  jaw movement.
• c. The foramen rotundum functions as a
  passageway for nerves that control eye movements.
• d. None of the above.

ANSWER
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31
Topic 3 500 Answer

• Which of the following statements is false?
• a. The foramen spinosum of the sphenoid functions
  as a passageway for vessels to membranes around
  the brain.
• b. The foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone
  functions as a passageway for nerves that control
  jaw movement.
• c. The foramen rotundum functions as a
  passageway for nerves that control eye movements.
• d. None of the above.

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32
Topic 4 100 Question

• When people stand, holding a heavy object, which
  spinal curve is exaggerated, to prevent toppling
  forward?
• a. thoracic
• b. sacral
• c. lumbar
• d. cervical

ANSWER
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33
Topic 4 100 Answer

• When people stand, holding a heavy object, which
  spinal curve is exaggerated, to prevent toppling
  forward?
• a. thoracic
• b. sacral
• c. lumbar
• d. cervical

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34
Topic 4 200 Question

• Which of the following vertebrae has the largest
  vertebral foramen of any vertebra?
• a. Atlas (C1)
• b. Axis (C2)
• c. L5
• d. S1

ANSWER
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35
Topic 4 200 Answer

• Which of the following vertebrae has the largest
  vertebral foramen of any vertebra?
• a. Atlas (C1)
• b. Axis (C2)
• c. L5
• d. S1

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36
Topic 4 300 Question

• Which of the following statements is false
  regarding lumbar vertebrae?
• a. Lumbar vertebrae have blunt, spinous
  processes, with broad tips that point
  posteriorly.
• b. Lumbar vertebrae have massive, oval, flat
  faces on the vertebral bodies.
• c. The transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
  are short, and they have no articular facets or
  transverse foramina.
• d. Lumbar vertebrae have the largest of the
  vertebral foramina among the vertebral regions.

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ANSWER
37
Topic 4 300 Answer

• Which of the following statements is false
  regarding lumbar vertebrae?
• a. Lumbar vertebrae have blunt, spinous
  processes, with broad tips that point
  posteriorly.
• b. Lumbar vertebrae have massive, oval, flat
  faces on the vertebral bodies.
• c. The transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
  are short, and they have no articular facets or
  transverse foramina.
• d. Lumbar vertebrae have the largest of the
  vertebral foramina among the vertebral regions.

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38
Topic 4 400 Question

• Which of the following statements regarding
  spinal curves is correct?
• a. The lumbar and cervical curves appear late in
  fetal development.
• b. All four curves are fully developed by the
  time a child is ten years old.
• c. The vertebral column in newborns is
  S-shaped due to the primary curves.
• d. Thoracic and sacral curves do not appear
  until several months after birth.

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ANSWER
39
Topic 4 400 Answer

• Which of the following statements regarding
  spinal curves is correct?
• a. The lumbar and cervical curves appear late in
  fetal development.
• b. All four curves are fully developed by the
  time a child is ten years old.
• c. The vertebral column in newborns is
  S-shaped due to the primary curves.
• d. Thoracic and sacral curves do not appear
  until several months after birth.

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40
Topic 4 500 Question

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe lumbar vertebrae?
• a. The body of a typical lumbar vertebra is
  thicker than that of a thoracic vertebra.
• b. The transverse processes are slender and
  project dorsolaterally.
• c. The superior and inferior surfaces of the
  body are heart-shaped, rather than oval.
• d. The stumpy spinous process projects dorsally.

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ANSWER
41
Topic 4 500 Answer

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe lumbar vertebrae?
• a. The body of a typical lumbar vertebra is
  thicker than that of a thoracic vertebra.
• b. The transverse processes are slender and
  project dorsolaterally.
• c. The superior and inferior surfaces of the
  body are heart-shaped, rather than oval.
• d. The stumpy spinous process projects dorsally.

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42
Topic 5 100 Question

• Which of the following are considered false
  ribs or vertebrochondral ribs, because they do
  not attach directly to the sternum?
• a. Ribs 10-12
• b. Ribs 9-10
• c. Ribs 8-10
• d. Ribs 8-12

ANSWER
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43
Topic 5 100 Answer

• Which of the following are considered false
  ribs or vertebrochondral ribs, because they do
  not attach directly to the sternum?
• a. Ribs 10-12
• b. Ribs 9-10
• c. Ribs 8-10
• d. Ribs 8-12

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44
Topic 5 200 Question

• Which portion of ribs 1-10 contacts the
  transverse process of a thoracic vertebra?
• a. the inferior portion of the tubercle, via an
  articular facet
• b. the costal groove along the inferior border
• c. the capitulum
• d. the superior portion of the tubercle, via an
  articular facet

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ANSWER
45
Topic 5 200 Answer

• Which portion of ribs 1-10 contacts the
  transverse process of a thoracic vertebra?
• a. the inferior portion of the tubercle, via an
  articular facet
• b. the costal groove along the inferior border
• c. the capitulum
• d. the superior portion of the tubercle, via an
  articular facet

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46
Topic 5 300 Question

• Which muscles attach to the xiphoid process?
• a. diaphragm and rectus abdominis
• b. diaphragm, rectus abdominis, and external
  oblique muscles
• c. rectus abdominis and external oblique muscles
• d. diaphragm, rectus abdominis, and transverse
  abdominis

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ANSWER
47
Topic 5 300 Answer

• Which muscles attach to the xiphoid process?
• a. diaphragm and rectus abdominis
• b. diaphragm, rectus abdominis, and external
  oblique muscles
• c. rectus abdominis and external oblique muscles
• d. diaphragm, rectus abdominis, and transverse
  abdominis

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48
Topic 5 400 Question

• Which of the following statements concerning the
  ribs is false?
• a. The capitulum of each rib articulates with
  the body of a thoracic vertebra, or between
  adjacent vertebral bodies.
• b. The inferior portion of the tubercle, or
  tuberculum of each rib, contains an articular
  facet that contacts the transverse process of the
  thoracic vertebra with which it is associated.
• c. Ribs 1-7 originate at costal facets on the
  bodies of vertebrae 1-7, and their tubercular
  facets articulate with the transverse costal
  facets of their respective vertebrae.
• d. None of the above.

ANSWER
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49
Topic 5 400 Answer

• Which of the following statements concerning the
  ribs is false?
• a. The capitulum of each rib articulates with
  the body of a thoracic vertebra, or between
  adjacent vertebral bodies.
• b. The inferior portion of the tubercle, or
  tuberculum of each rib, contains an articular
  facet that contacts the transverse process of the
  thoracic vertebra with which it is associated.
• c. Ribs 1-7 originate at costal facets on the
  bodies of vertebrae 1-7, and their tubercular
  facets articulate with the transverse costal
  facets of their respective vertebrae.
• d. None of the above.

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50
Topic 5 500 Question

• Which structure marks the path of nerves and
  blood vessels in the thoracic cage?
• a. the interarticular crest on the ribs
• b. the jugular notch on the manubrium
• c. the costal grooves on the superior border of
  ribs
• d. the costal grooves on the inferior border of
  ribs

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ANSWER
51
Topic 5 500 Answer

• Which structure marks the path of nerves and
  blood vessels in the thoracic cage?
• a. the interarticular crest on the ribs
• b. the jugular notch on the manubrium
• c. the costal grooves on the superior border of
  ribs
• d. the costal grooves on the inferior border of
  ribs

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52
FINAL ROUND Question

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe the anatomical landmarks of the temporal
  bone?
• a. Medially, the jugular fossa is bounded by the
  temporal and occipital bone.
• b. Anterior and slightly medial to the jugular
  foramen is the entrance to the carotid canal.
• c. Anterior and slightly lateral to the carotid
  canal, the foramen lacerum extends between the
  occipital and temporal bones.
• d. The stylomastoid foramen lies posterior to
  the base of the styloid process.

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ANSWER
53
FINAL ROUND Answer

• Which of the following does not accurately
  describe the anatomical landmarks of the temporal
  bone?
• a. Medially, the jugular fossa is bounded by the
  temporal and occipital bone.
• b. Anterior and slightly medial to the jugular
  foramen is the entrance to the carotid canal.
• c. Anterior and slightly lateral to the carotid
  canal, the foramen lacerum extends between the
  occipital and temporal bones.
• d. The stylomastoid foramen lies posterior to
  the base of the styloid process.

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