OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment

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OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment

• Zagreb, May 6-8 2009
• Presenter Natasa Vetma
• Presentation prepared by Ruxandra Floroiu

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Policy Objectives

• To examine the potential environmental risks and
  benefits associated with Bank financed
  investments
• To support integration of environmental and
  social aspects of investments into the decision
  making process
• Consult affected people, involve NGOs, and
  provide opportunities for their participation in
  the environmental assessment aspects

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Possible impacts
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Possible impacts
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Possible impacts
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• EA is required by Bank-financed investments
• The Borrower is responsible for carrying out the
  EA
• The Bank advises the Borrower on Banks EA
  requirements
• The Bank does not finance activities that will
  contravene national legislation or relevant
  international environmental agreements identified
  during EA

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• EA instruments used to meet OP 4.01
• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
• Regional or sectoral EA/SEA
• Environmental Audit
• Hazard or Risk Assessment
• Environmental Management Plan /Checklist
• Environmental Framework

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• Environmental Screening in our countries lists
• Based on
• EU EIA (Directive 85/337/EEC as amended by
  97/11/EC and 2003/35/EC
• SEA Directive (2001/42/EC)
• Several levels usually
• A must list
• To be determined by relevant Ministry
• To be determined on regional or local government
  levels
• Some general measures in permits (location /
  construction / use

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• Environmental Screening
• Category A, B, C or FI
• Criteria for clasification include type,
  location, sensitivity, and scale of project as
  well as the nature and magnitude of potential
  impacts
• Projects with multiple components or sub-projects
  are categorized according to the component with
  the most serious potential impact

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• Category A
• - project likely to have significant
  irreversible adverse and sensitive environmental
  impacts
• - impacts may affect an area larger than that
  subject to physical works
• - EA compares project feasible alternatives and
  their related impacts (including No action)
• - EA recommends preventive/mitigation measures
  and their monitoring

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category A examples

• large-scale conversion or degradation of natural
  habitats
• extraction, consumption, or conversion of
  substantial amounts of forest
• direct discharge of pollutants resulting in
  degradation of air, water or soil
• production, storage, use or disposal of hazardous
  materials and wastes
• risks associated with the proposed use of
  pesticides

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category A
examples contd

• Large-scale infrastructure ports and harbor
  development, transport (rail, road and
  waterways), large- scale water resources
  management (river basin development, water
  transfer) dams and large reservoirs, hydropower
  and thermal power, extractive industries and oil
  and gas transport
• Large-scale agriculture, irrigation, drainage and
  flood control, aquaculture agro industries, and
  production forestry
• Major urban projects involving housing
  development, water treatment, wastewater
  treatment plants, solid waste collection and
  disposal
• Industrial pollution abatement, hazardous waste
  management, industrial estates, manufacture and
  large-scale use of pesticides and
• Projects that, regardless of scale or type, would
  have severe adverse impacts on critical or
  otherwise valuable natural or cultural resources.

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category A
examples contd
Plovdiza Dam, Bulgaria
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category A
examples contd
Rijeka Port, Croatia
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• Category B
• project has potential less adverse environmental
  impacts, mostly site-specific
• EA scope is narrower than the one for Category
  A
• EA examines the project negative and positive
  impacts
• small scale irrigation and drainage projects
• small-scale, relatively clean (gas or light
  diesel oil fired) thermal power plants, micro
  hydro power plants, and small sanitary landfills
• rehabilitating or maintaining an existing
  infrastructure (e.g., roads, power, transmission
  and irrigation networks)

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category B
examples contd

• Small-scale infrastructure projects power
  transmission and distribution networks, rural
  electrification, mini (run of the river with no
  major water impoundments) or micro-hydropower
  projects, small-scale clean fuel fired thermal
  power plants, renewable energy (other than
  hydropower), energy efficiency and energy
  conservation, rural water supply and sanitation,
  road rehabilitation, maintenance and upgrading
  telecommunications, etc.
• Health care service delivery, HIV-AIDS, education
  (with limited expansion of existing
  schools/buildings), repair/rehabilitation of
  buildings when hazardous materials might be
  encountered (e.g., asbestos, stored pesticides)
  and
• Small-scale irrigation, drainage, agricultural
  and rural development projects, rural water
  supply and sanitation, watershed management and
  rehabilitation, and small-scale agro-industries,
  tourism (small-scale developments).

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category B
examples contd
Rehabilitation of tertiary irrigation canal,
Serbia
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category B
examples contd
Hospital rehabilitation, Turkey
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Category B
examples contd
Wastewater Treatment Plant Rehabilitation
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• Category C
• project with minimal or no adverse impact
• technical assistance projects on institutional
  development, computerization, and training
• Education and Health projects not involving
  construction
• Rehabilitation of a limited number of small
  buildings (e.g., schools or health clinics where
  health care waste is not an issue) no changes
  in blueprint and
• Institutional development, training and certain
  capacity building activities.

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• Category FI
• involve a financial intermediary investments are
  done through sub-projects with different
  environmental impacts
• the FI screens each subproject proposed for
  financing, and classifies it into any one of
  three categories A, B or C
• projects using community development driven
  approach and social funds
• investments for which the final location /
  locations is / are not known at time of appraisal

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Principles contd

• Policy applies to emergency recovery projects
  processed under OP/BP 8.00 Rapid Response to
  Crises and Emergencies
• the extent to which the emergency was affected by
  inappropriate environmental practices should be
  determined as part of the preparation of such
  projects
• any necessary corrective measures be built into
  either the emergency project or a future lending
  operation

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Mitigation Measures
What is incorrect in terms of environmental
mitigation management?
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Mitigation Measures
contd
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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Responsibilities
Project Preparation

• Bank
• Ensures that Borrower fulfill Bank requirements
  with EA review
• Responsible for screening and clasification of
  each investment/sub-project
• Provides advice to Borrower on quality of EA
  report
• Guides the Borrower in proper EA preparation
  before project appraisal

• Borrower
• Familiar with Bank policy
• Understand the objective of the EA process
• Hire and manage EIA Consultants for EIA report
  preparation and disclosure
• Responsible for disclosure and consultation of
  draft EA
• Alocates costs for EA mitigation measures and EMP
  implementation

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OP (Operational Policy) 4.01 Responsibilities
contd
Project Implementation

• Bank
• Carries out supervision missions
• Ensures due diligence on implementation of Bank
  environmental policies
• Provides advice to Borrower on enhancement of EMP
  implementation
• Conduct debriefing with borrower, review any
  noncompliance issues, agree on corrective actions

• Borrower
• Compliance with measures agreed in EA
• Implements the EMP
• Reports the status of mitigation measures
• Reports the findings of monitoring program

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How to help yourselves

• Nominate a person in PIU for environmental
  matters that will be trained by the Bank and will
  closely work with the consultant
• Do not forget this is your document form it
  in the way that fits your institutional structure
• Use the project to educate your team and yourself
• Build on the national document include water
  permits and EIA decisions into the document
• Remember that mitigation measures and monitoring
  can be part of the constructor contract and the
  supervision of the same can be part of the
  supervising engineers contract
• Include the monitoring cost in the budget and if
  responsibility of the contractor or supervising
  engineer in their contracts require regular
  reporting