Diapositiva 1

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3 ICTP Workshop on The Theory and Use of
Regional Climate Models May 29 June 9 2006
CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
Developed by
Since 2002

• It runs in any geographical domain with any
  resolution
• It runs in any (?) unix platforms
• It does not use any licensed software
• Different kind of rain data are assimilated

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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
Two reasons for NOT using CHYM

• NOT easy to use
• (CHyM is a NSE2USE Model)
• Documentation is not (yet) available

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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
Outline

• Description of the model
• Algorithms
  
• Generating streamflow network
  
• Building prec. fields with diff. data
• Physical processes
• Applications

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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources

• Why to develop a new Hydrological Model?
• It has been thought for operational
• purposes
• It is a good exercise

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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
Step 1 generating streamflow network from DEM
DEM matrix for the selected domain and resolution
is generated Flow direction matrix is
computed Validation Pits and singularities
are corrected
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DEM is available with a resolution of 300 m
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CHyM Drainage network test
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CHyM Drainage network test
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A Cellular Automata definition

• A cellular automaton is a discrete dynamical
  system

• Space, time and states of the system are discrete
  quantities

• Each point in a regular spatial lattice, called a
  cell, can have anyone of a finite number of states

• The state of the cells in the lattice are updated
  according to a local rule

• All cells on the lattice are updated synchronously

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A Cellular Automata application
Life rules by Chris G. Langton

• The status of each CA can be ON or OFF
• If more than 3 CA in the neighborhood are ON CA
  became OFF
• If less than 2 CA in the neighborhood are ON, CA
  became OFF
• Otherwise CA became ON

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CA for CHyM applications

• CHyM grid is considered an aggregate of cellular
  automata

• The status of a cell corresponds to the value of a

CHyM matrix (DEM)

• The state of the cells in the lattice is updated
  according to following rule

• All cells on the lattice are updated synchronously

• Update ends when flow scheme is OK

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CHyM Recipe for DEM pit correction

• Smooth DEM using CA rules until FD can be
• obtained for all the cells
• Generate streamflow network using smoothed DEM
• Use true DEM and modify ONLY the cells draining
  
• toward an higher cell

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CHyM Drainage network test
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
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CHyM DEM pit correction
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CHyM DEM pit correction
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CHyM DEM pit correction
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CHyM Examples of Drainage Network Extraction
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CHyM the Rolling Stones Algorithm (RSA)

• Starting from each cell a stone rolls up to the
• rivers mouth

2. Each time that the stone goes through one cell
for this cell a counter is incremented by 1
3. If a quantity A is associated to each stone
where A is equivalent to the surface where the
stone was at the beginning, for each cell it can
be computed the upstream drained surface
4. If a quantity R is associated to each stone
where R is equivalent to the precipitation where
the stone was at the beginning, for each cell it
can be computed the upstream drained
precipitation
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CHyM the Rolling Stones Algorithm (RSA)
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Step 2 Building Precipitation Fields using
different Data Sources

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CHyM rain data sources Gauge measurements
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CHyM rain data sources Radar estimates
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CHyM rain data sources NERETIR
NERETIR
NEural Rainfall Estimation from Termal InfraRed
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CHyM rain data sources MM5
MM5 Meteorological Model
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Step 2 Building Precipitation Fields using
different Data Sources

Module 1

• Define subdomain
• Fill cells corresponding to rain gauges
• Fill subdomain matrix Cr. Formula
• Smooth subdomain matrix using CA
• algorithm

Module 2
Module 3

Module n
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CA for CHyM applications

• CHyM grid is considered an aggregate of cellular
  automata

• The status of a cell corresponds to the value of
  a CHyM matrix

(RAIN)
(DEM)

• The state of the cells in the lattice is updated
  according to following rule

But cells corresponding to rain gauges or defined
in a previous Module are not updated

• All cells on the lattice are updated synchronously

• Update ends when flow scheme is OK

• Update ends when a stable state is reached

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Observed rain using Cressman algorithm
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In sequence
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CHyM Rain field sources an example
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
For each cell the simulated processes are
Runoff Evapotraspiration Infiltration Rainfall
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CHyM Infiltration
Surface Runoff
Infiltration
Deep percolation
Interflow
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CHyM Evapotraspiration
Thornthwaite Formula (Thornthwaite and Mather,
1995)
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CHyM Runoff
Continuity equation
A cross sectional area of the river Q flow rate
of water discharge qc rain for length unit
Momentum equation
S slope 1/R wetter perimeter n Mannings
roughness coefficient
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CHyM A first application
Ri rain
Ai drained surface
AI Alarm Index
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
Soverato Flood simulation
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
Val Canale flood simulation
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CHyM simulation of Aug 22-23 2005 event
Flood alert mapping using MM5 and CHyM
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CHyM simulation of Aug 22-23 2005 event
Flood alert mapping using MM5 and CHyM
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CHyM simulation of Aug 22-23 2005 event
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very)
Preliminary results
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very)
Preliminary results
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very)
Preliminary results
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very)
Preliminary results
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very)
Preliminary results
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CHyM hydrological effects due to Alpine
Glaciers Melting
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
For further information about the model and
related literature please visit the
URL http//cetemps.aquila.infn.it/chym/
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CHyM an operational distributed hydrological
model using different data sources
THANKS!!
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