INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUITS

1
INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL AND
SUBTROPICAL FRUITS
Dr. Izham Ahmad Chief Executive
Officer International Tropical Fruits
Network (TFNet)
WHO/FAO Workshop on Fruit and Vegetables for
Health 15 16 August 2006 Seoul, Korea
2
DISCUSSION TOPICS
INTRODUCTION
1
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
2
CONSUMPTION TREND
3
4
NUTRITION AND HEALTH
5
CONCLUSION
3
1
INTRODUCTION
TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT INDUSTRY

• An important sector in many countries
• Generating income
• Providing employment to both upstream and
  downstream sub-sectors
• Earning foreign exchange
• Source of nutrition and dietary requirement for a
  healthy population

4
TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT INDUSTRY

• Scenario during the last 5 years (2000 2004)
• World production registered annual growth of 3.5
• Production of all fruits has increased by 19.2

• World tropical fruit market remain dynamic with
  significant growth in trade volumes and values
• Export value for fresh tropical fruits was
  estimated at US 14.96 billion in 2004

5




2
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
GLOBAL TROPICAL FRUIT PRODUCTION

• Annual production growth rate
• 2000 2004 3.5
• Total Production increased by 19.2
• from 227 million tonnes
• in 2000 to 270 million
• tonnes in 2004

(Data Source FAOSTAT)
6
World Production of Major Tropical Fruits
Watermelon registered the largest production
volume during the last 5 years. With an annual
growth rate 4.8, the production of 95.3 million
tonnes in 2004 accounted for 35.3 of total
global production of tropical fruits.
Fruits Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Fruits 1995 - 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Watermelons 55,054 74,923 80,930 88,613 94,034 95,293 35.3 4.8 27.2
Bananas 58,004 62,758 64,343 67,421 68,908 71,225 26.4 2.5 13.5
Mangoes 22,938 24,667 24,905 26,498 27,134 27,159 10.1 1.9 10.1
Other melons 16,758 19,576 23,960 25,287 26,264 27,155 10.1 6.5 38.7
Pineapples 12,957 14,316 14,894 14,967 15,708 16,054 5.9 2.3 12.1
Lemons Limes 9,569 11,123 11,824 12,037 12,447 12,534 4.6 2.4 12.7
Papayas 4,991 5,806 6,232 6,507 6,762 6,752 2.5 3.0 16.3
Other Citrus Fruits 5,062 5,504 5,750 5,707 5,752 6,150 2.3 2.2 11.7
Grapefruit Pomelos 5,078 5,326 5,062 4,822 4,613 4,684 1.7 -2.6 -12.1
Avocados 2,287 2,668 2,818 2,993 3,165 3,070 1.1 2.8 15.1
TOTAL 192,699 226,666 240,718 254,853 264,788 270,075 100.0 3.5 19.2
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
7
















World Production of Major Tropical Fruits
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
8
Production of Tropical Fruits by Regions

• In 2004 Production by Regions
• 65.9 of Global Production from Asia (178 million
  tonnes)
• America 19.7 (53 million tonnes)
• Africa 9.3 (25 million tonnes)
• Europe 3.6 (9.6 million tonnes)
• Latin America Caribbean 1.3 (3.4 million
  tonnes)
• Oceania 0.3 (0.8million tonnes)

9



Production of Tropical Fruits by Regions
Region Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Region 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Asia 114,120 142,595 154,760 167,054 174,052 178,089 65.9 4.4 24.9
America 45,499 48,562 49,743 50,997 52,831 53,154 19.7 1.8 9.5
Africa 20,854 22,701 23,160 23,644 23,875 25,010 9.3 1.9 10.2
Europe 8,832 8,943 8,934 9,298 9,926 9,629 3.6 1.5 7.7
Latin America the Caribbean 2,695 3,081 3,213 3,010 3,311 3,383 1.3 1.9 9.8
Oceania 698 784 908 851 793 811 0.3 0.7 3.4
TOTAL 192,699 226,666 240,718 254,853 264,788 270,075 100.0 3.5 19.2
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
10
Production of Tropical Fruits by Major
Asian Countries
China is the worlds largest producer of tropical
fruits, accounting for 54 of world production in
2004. China is worlds largest producer of
watermelons (200468.3 million tonnes which
accounts for 72 of world production of 95.3
million tonnes) Other major produce from China
are other varieties of melons and bananas.
Country Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Country 1995- 1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
China 45,450 70,285 81,212 87,418 93,386 96,263 54.1 6.2 37.0
India 27,693 28,910 28,630 31,920 32,160 32,170 18.1 2.1 11.3
Philippines 6,378 7,620 7,848 8,231 8,444 8,740 4.9 2.7 14.7
Indonesia 5,164 5,597 6,361 7,186 7,398 7,976 4.5 7.0 42.5
Turkey 6,162 6,462 6,518 7,143 6,748 6,393 3.6 -0.2 -1.1
Thailand 5,625 6,255 6,165 5,876 6,153 6,354 3.6 0.3 1.6
Others 17,648 17,466 18,026 19,280 19,762 20,192 11.3 2.9 15.6
Total 114,120 142,595 154,760 167,054 174,052 178,089 100.0 4.4 24.9
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
11
Production of Tropical Fruits by Countries
in East Asia
Country Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Country 1995-1999 (Average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
China 45,450 70,285 81,212 87,418 93,386 96,263 97.8 6.2 37.0
Korea, Republic of 1,256 1,257 1,220 1,088 1,024 1,068 1.1 -3.3 -15.0
Japan 1,247 1,166 1,138 1,028 949 896 0.9 -5.2 -23.2
Korea, Dem People's Rep 204 214 217 224 224 224 0.2 0.9 4.4
Total 48,158 72,922 83,788 89,758 95,583 98,450 100.0 6.0 35.0
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
12
EXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS

• The global export value of tropical fruits in
  2004 is estimated at US15 billion.
• Although Asia is the largest producer of tropical
  fruits, it is not the largest exporter
• Asia ranks 2nd to America in terms of volume
  exported
• However, the volume of Asian exports had
  increased by two folds during the last 5 years
  with an annual growth of 13.3
• The exports from Asia in 2004 was valued at
  US2.5 billion.
• America is the worlds largest exporter,
  accounting for 46 of total export volume in 2004
• Exports from America had increased from 14.4
  million tonnes in 2000 to 16.5 million tonnes in
  2004, an increase of 6.6 with annual growth of
  1.3
• The exports from America in 2004 was estimated
  at US6.1 billion.

(Data Source FAOSTAT)
13




EXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS

• 2000 2004 Export Value
• Annual growth rate 7.5
• Value increased by 46.2 from US10.24 billion in
  2000 to US14.98 billion in 2004

• 2000 2004 Export Quantity
• Annual growth rate 5.3
• Quantity increased by 30.7 from 27.5 million
  tonnes in 2000 to 35.9 million tonnes in 2004

(Data Source FAOSTAT)
14
EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000
tonnes)

• Bananas dominate global export market, followed
  by pineapples
• 2004 export quantity of bananas 15.77 million
  tonnes 44 of global export
• Pineapples shown significant growth with export
  volumes increased by 163 during last 5 years

Fruit Year Year Year Year Year Year of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Fruit 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Bananas 13,444 15,056 15,111 15,037 16,280 15,770 43.9 0.9 4.7
Pineapples 2,599 2,975 3,168 3,394 4,097 7,837 21.8 18.0 163.4
Grapefruit Pomelo 2,113 2,952 2,884 2,825 3,308 3,520 9.8 3.5 19.2
Lemons Limes 1,832 2,224 2,332 2,608 2,642 2,769 7.7 4.4 24.5
Watermelons 1,355 1,440 1,363 1,642 1,683 1,900 5.3 5.5 31.9
Other melons 1,395 1,512 1,473 1,484 1,596 1,701 4.7 2.3 12.5
Mangoes 512 653 733 743 1,018 1,060 3.0 9.5 62.3
Other Citrus fruits 103 117 179 262 209 554 1.5 26.0 373.2
Avocados 266 362 322 427 416 493 1.4 6.1 36.2
Papaya 125 176 197 212 253 292 0.8 9.9 65.8
Total 23,744 27,467 27,760 28,634 31,501 35,896 100.0 5.3 30.7
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
15
EXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million
US)
Fruits Year (million US) Year (million US) Year (million US) Year (million US) Year (million US) Year (million US) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Fruits 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Bananas 4,937 5,087 5,219 5,430 6,012 6,650 44.4 5.3 30.7
Pineapples 1,230 1,213 1,340 1,599 2,120 2,424 16.2 13.3 99.8
Lemons Limes 876 867 886 913 1,177 1,324 8.8 8.3 52.7
Grapefruits Pomelo 718 785 726 803 919 1,029 6.9 5.4 31.1
Other Melons 655 652 675 678 839 916 6.1 6.8 40.6
Mangoes 489 559 599 602 787 836 5.6 7.9 49.6
Avocados 337 429 412 553 667 751 5.0 10.9 75.3
Watermelons 362 329 358 391 530 613 4.1 12.1 86.6
Other Citrus Fruits 193 211 236 210 209 230 1.5 1.7 8.8
Papayas 83 111 123 130 162 202 1.4 11.6 81.8
Total 9,881 10,243 10,575 11,308 13,420 14,975 100.0 7.5 46.2
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
16



EXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS
Export Quantity 2004
Export Value 2004
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
17


EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY
REGIONS

• America largest exporting region for tropical
  fruits, with export volume of 15.5 million tonnes
  in 2004 accounting for 46 of total global
  exports
• The major fruit exported by the American region
  is Bananas
• (In 2004 bananas exported Ecuador 3.96
  million tonnes
• Costa Rica 1.84 million tonnes
• Guatemala 1.08 million tonnes
• Colombia 1.3 million tonnes
• USAs main exported fruit in 2004 1.31 million
  tonnes of Grapefruits

• Asia is second largest exporting region, has
  registered a strong growth of 13.3 during last
  five years, with Philippines and Thailand as
  major exporters
• In 2004 Thailands exported 2.1 million
  tonnes of Pineapples
• Philippines export Bananas
  2.12 million tonnes
• 
  Pineapples 1.5 million tonnes

(Data Source FAOSTAT)
18


EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY
REGIONS
Region Year (Export Quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Export Quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Export Quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Export Quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Export Quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Export Quantity 1,000 tonnes) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Region 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
America 14,420 15,526 15,341 16,310 17,627 16,548 46.1 1.3 6.6
Asia 4,400 5,192 5,486 5,271 6,288 10,370 28.9 13.3 99.7
Europe 3,347 4,725 5,003 5,101 5,521 6,628 18.5 6.7 40.3
Africa 1,100 1,406 1,409 1,480 1,595 1,795 5.0 4.9 27.6
Latin America Caribbean 435 584 486 414 426 477 1.3 -4.0 -18.3
Oceania 41 33 35 58 45 78 0.2 16.0 133.1
Total 23,744 27,467 27,760 28,634 31,501 35,896 100.0 5.3 30.7
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
19
EXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS
Region Year (Export Value million US) Year (Export Value million US) Year (Export Value million US) Year (Export Value million US) Year (Export Value million US) Year (Export Value million US) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Region 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
America 4,873 4,633 4,779 4,996 5,619 6,095 40.7 5.5 31.6
Europe 2,527 3,122 3,367 3,649 4,649 5,253 35.1 10.2 68.3
Asia 1,791 1,844 1,799 1,961 2,293 2,489 16.6 6.0 35.0
Africa 437 398 406 462 619 854 5.7 14.6 114.4
Latin America Caribbean 192 194 161 173 170 208 1.4 1.4 7.5
Oceania 61 52 63 67 69 76 0.5 7.5 46.3
Total 9,881 10,243 10,575 11,308 13,420 14,975 100.0 7.5 46.2
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
20










EXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS
Export Quantity by Regions, 2004
Export Value by Regions, 2004
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
21
QUANTITY OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIES
Country Year Year Year Year Year Year of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Country 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Ecuador 4,132 4,272 4,322 4,543 5,058 4,105 11.4 -0.8 -3.9
Philippines 1,847 2,239 2,797 2,250 2,696 3,657 10.2 9.6 63.3
Costa Rica 2,522 2,622 2,581 2,610 2,889 2,809 7.8 1.4 7.1
Thailand 710 1,104 905 881 1,175 2,797 7.8 17.4 153.2
USA 2,217 2,626 2,679 2,423 2,591 1,997 5.6 -5.4 -24.0
Mexico 1,153 1,284 1,216 1,233 1,364 1,784 5.0 6.5 38.9
Spain 1,247 1,285 1,355 1,285 1,393 1,577 4.4 4.1 22.8
Netherlands 609 558 707 659 983 1,352 3.8 16.6 142.4
Guatemala 782 1,022 988 1,043 1,012 1,319 3.7 5.1 29.0
Colombia 1,504 1,566 1,347 1,427 1,429 1,246 3.5 -4.6 -20.4
Others 7,021 8,888 8,863 10,280 10,911 13,252 36.9 7.9 49.1
Total 23,744 27,467 27,760 28,634 31,501 35,896 100.0 5.3 30.7
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
22
VALUE OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIES
Countries Year Year Year Year Year Year of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Countries 1995- 1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000-2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Ecuador 1,063 872 903 1,017 1,189 1,095.8 7.3 6.8 41.0
Spain 799 677 706 743 1,036 1,068.4 7.1 5.5 31.9
USA 941 931 918 945 1,014 1,035.9 6.9 0.6 3.2
Costa Rica 872 812 784 788 896 968.8 6.5 1.3 6.6
Mexico 540 568 583 554 747 935.8 6.2 11.0 75.5
Netherlands 473 376 453 510 725 775.7 5.2 11.3 79.2
Thailand 486 478 452 526 669 711.6 4.8 7.0 42.8
Philippines 452 527 547 548 662 609.2 4.1 7.8 48.4
Colombia 473 441 376 415 399 412.0 2.8 -1.8 -8.7
Guatemala 186 234 209 232 227 252.6 1.7 7.5 45.8
Others 3,596 4,328 4,644 5,030 5,856 7,109.4 47.5 10.7 72.9
Total 9,881 10,243 10,575 11,308 13,420 14,975 100.0 7.5 46.2
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
23



MAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIES
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
24
IMPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS

• Global imports of major tropical fruits during
  the last 5 years (2000-2004) had increased by
  25.3 with an annual growth rate of 4.5.
• Import volumes had increased from 28 million
  tonnes in 2000 to 35.1 million tonnes.
• Bananas dominate the import market, followed by
  pineapples.
• Global import value of tropical fruits in 2004
  was estimated at US18 billion.
• 50 of 2004 global imports was by European
  countries.
• USA is the largest importing country importing 9
  million tonnes, worth US3.4 million in 2004

25





IMPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS

• 2000 2004 Import Value
• Annual growth rate 6.6
• Value increased by 39.7 from US12.8 billion in
  2000 to US18 billion in 2004

• 2000 2004 Import Quantity
• Annual growth rate 4.5
• Quantity increased by 25.3 from 28 million
  tonnes in 2000 to 35million tonnes in 2004

(Data Source FAOSTAT)
26
IMPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000
tonnes)
Fruits Year Year Year Year Year Year of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Fruits 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Bananas 12,528 14,494 13,686 14,007 14,921 15,222 43.4 1.0 5.0
Pineapples 3,037 3,352 3,581 4,237 4,731 7,953 22.7 16.3 137.3
GrapefruitPomelo 2,014 2,443 2,312 2,652 2,882 3,484 9.9 7.0 42.6
Lemons limes 2,215 3,457 2,819 2,843 2,837 2,701 7.7 -4.9 -21.9
Watermelons 1,270 1,397 1,413 1,490 1,638 1,786 5.1 4.9 27.8
Other melons 1,354 1,538 1,543 1,606 1,768 1,678 4.8 1.7 9.1
Mangoes 471 605 653 716 773 1,004 2.9 9.9 66.0
Other citrus 252 237 252 518 572 539 1.5 15.6 127.6
Avocados 243 343 325 406 432 491 1.4 7.1 43.2
Papayas 109 134 158 172 206 238 0.7 11.1 76.9
Total 23,493 28,000 26,741 28,648 30,761 35,095 100.0 4.5 25.3
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
27
IMPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million
US)
Fruits Year Year Year Year Year Year of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Fruits 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Bananas 6,644 6,667 6,472 6,484 7,861 8,719 48.6 5.3 30.8
Pineapples 1,528 1,589 1,688 1,907 2,476 2,825 15.7 11.2 77.8
Lemons Limes 958 958 961 1,032 1,250 1,422 7.9 7.8 48.4
Grapefruitpomelo 889 967 958 974 1,107 1,143 6.4 3.3 18.2
Other melons 789 799 836 814 1,031 1,066 5.9 5.7 33.4
Mangoes 540 658 696 690 880 920 5.1 6.6 39.7
Avocados 389 498 495 554 787 849 4.7 10.4 70.5
Watermelons 399 387 420 390 545 538 3.0 6.5 39.0
Other citrus 169 186 205 207 251 239 1.3 5.1 29.0
Papayas 100 135 150 160 188 227 1.3 10.2 68.0
Total 12,405 12,845 12,881 13,212 16,376 17,950 100.0 6.6 39.7
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
28






IMPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS
Import Value 2004
Import Quantity 2004
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
29
IMPORT QUANTITY OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS
(1,000 tonnes)

• 2004
• Europe is the largest importing region (50 of
  2004 total imports)
• major importing countries are Germany (3 million
  tonnes),
• Netherlands (2.5 mil tonnes), France (1.7 mil
  tonnes) UK (1.7 mil tonnes)
• USA largest importing country 9 million
  tonnes (US3.4 billion)

Region Year (Import quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Import quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Import quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Import quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Import quantity 1,000 tonnes) Year (Import quantity 1,000 tonnes) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Region 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Europe 10,247 12,166 12,405 13,807 15,081 17,528 49.9 7.2 44.1
America 9,312 11,246 10,040 10,119 10,508 10,979 31.3 -0.5 -2.4
Asia 3,654 4,258 3,852 4,143 4,606 5,962 17.0 6.7 40.0
Africa 114 134 254 374 348 311 0.9 15.9 132.4
Oceania 133 126 124 147 158 249 0.7 13.1 97.4
Latin America Caribbean 33 70 67 57 59 67 0.2 -0.9 -4.4
Total 23,493 28,000 26,741 28,648 30,761 35,095 100.0 4.5 25.3
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
30
IMPORT VALUE OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS
(million US)
Region Year (Import Value million US) Year (Import Value million US) Year (Import Value million US) Year (Import Value million US) Year (Import Value million US) Year (Import Value million US) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Region 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Europe 6,721 6,608 6,852 7,512 9,633 10,800 60.2 9.6 63.4
America 3,285 3,589 3,672 3,215 4,061 4,202 23.4 3.1 17.1
Asia 2,237 2,478 2,137 2,242 2,395 2,636 14.7 1.2 6.4
Africa 57 63 103 118 142 161 0.9 17.6 157.0
Oceania 92 87 92 106 127 137 0.8 8.9 57.5
Latin America Caribbean 14 21 25 18 18 14 0.1 -7.3 -30.9
Total 12,405 12,845 12,881 13,212 16,376 17,950 100.0 6.6 39.7
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
31
MAJOR ASIAN IMPORTING COUNTRIES

• JAPAN is the largest importer in East Asia.
• 2004 imports Bananas 1.1 million tonnes
  
• Grapefruits 0.73
  million tonnes
• Pineapples 0.37 million tonnes
• CHINA imports in 2004 Bananas 0.67 million
  tonnes
• 
  Watermelons 0.33 million tonnes

Countries Year Year Year Year Year Year Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Countries 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () increase 2000 -2004
Japan 1,561 1,824 1,763 1,911 1,968 2,473 6.0 35.6
China 787 920 753 773 808 1,105 3.7 20.1
Korea, Republic of 168 224 241 250 287 325 7.4 45.2
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
32





CONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL SUBTROPICAL FRUITS
3
Consumption of fruits plays an important role in
providing a nutritious diet Recommended daily
intake of fruits is more than 400 grams per day
or equivalent to about 150 kg per person per
year (FAO/WHO Expert Consultation 2003)
This section examines the consumption trend of
major tropical and subtropical fruits during the
last five years
33


GLOBAL CONSUMPTION TREND

• Increasing trend in global consumption of
  tropical subtropical fruits
• 2000-2004 annual growth rate of 3.3
• Annual consumption increased by 18 from 193
  million tonnes in 2000 to 228 million tonnes in
  2004

(Data Source FAOSTAT)
34



GLOBAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION

• Healthy increasing trend in per capita
  consumption
• 2000-2004 average annual per cap. consumption
  34.4 kg/yr
• 2004 global per cap. consumption
• 36 kg / yr 24 of recommended intake of
  fruits (150 kg/yr)

(Data Source FAOSTAT)
35
WORLD CONSUMPTION TREND of MAJOR TROP. SUBTROP.
FRUITS

• 2000-2004 Annual consumption 213 million
  tonnes with growth rate of 3.3
• Watermelons rank highest in global consumption
• Average annual consumption of 71 million
  tonnes Annual Growth Rate of 4.9

Fruits Year (1,000 tonnes) Year (1,000 tonnes) Year (1,000 tonnes) Year (1,000 tonnes) Year (1,000 tonnes) Year (1,000 tonnes) of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average ('000 tonnes/yr)
Fruits 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 of 2004 Total Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average ('000 tonnes/yr)
Watermelons 44,669 61,501 66,651 72,933 77,381 78,741 34.6 4.9 71,441
Bananas 47,588 52,219 53,204 56,534 57,410 59,482 26.1 2.6 55,770
Mangoes 20,593 22,138 22,298 23,812 24,148 22,827 10.0 0.6 23,045
Other melons 13,435 15,936 19,853 20,916 21,850 22,401 9.8 6.7 20,191
Pineapples 12,055 13,187 13,600 14,212 14,794 14,687 6.4 2.2 14,096
Lemons Limes 8,966 11,226 11,043 11,072 11,307 11,171 4.9 -0.1 11,164
Papayas 4,280 4,970 5,329 5,588 5,798 5,844 2.6 3.2 5,506
Other citrus 4,599 4,987 5,183 5,380 5,537 5,555 2.4 2.2 5,328
Grapefruitpomelo 4,440 4,335 4,094 4,264 4,274 4,431 1.9 0.4 4,280
Avocados 1,994 2,337 2,488 2,613 2,812 2,699 1.2 2.9 2,590
Total 162,617 192,836 203,743 217,325 225,312 227,837 100.0 3.3 213,411
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
36
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. SUBTROP.
FRUITS

• Per capita consumption of most major tropical
  fruits has shown positive increases
• Watermelons rank highest in per cap. consumption
  of 12.3 kg/yr in 2004, with 3.9 annual growth
  rate

Fruits Year (kg/cap/yr) Year (kg/cap/yr) Year (kg/cap/yr) Year (kg/cap/yr) Year (kg/cap/yr) Year (kg/cap/yr) Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (kg/cap/yr)
Fruits 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (kg/cap/yr)
Watermelons 7.64 10.12 10.86 11.77 12.26 12.33 3.9 11.4
Bananas 8.14 8.60 8.67 9.12 9.10 9.31 1.6 8.9
Mangoes 3.52 3.64 3.63 3.84 3.83 3.57 -0.4 3.7
Other melons 2.30 2.62 3.24 3.37 3.46 3.51 5.8 3.2
Pineapples 2.06 2.17 2.22 2.29 2.34 2.30 1.2 2.3
Lemons Limes 1.53 1.85 1.80 1.79 1.79 1.75 -1.1 1.8
Papayas 0.73 0.82 0.87 0.90 0.93 0.92 2.3 0.9
Other citrus 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.87 0.88 0.87 1.2 0.9
Grapefruitpomelo 0.76 0.71 0.67 0.69 0.68 0.69 -0.6 0.7
Avocados 0.34 0.38 0.41 0.42 0.45 0.42 1.9 0.4
Total 27.82 31.74 33.20 35.06 35.98 36.02 2.3 34.4
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
37
REGIONAL CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. SUBTROP.
FRUITS

• Asia registered the highest consumption quantity
  with an annual average of 137 million tonnes per
  year.
• Can be attributed to the fact that Asia is the
  largest producer.

Region Year (1000 tonnes) Year (1000 tonnes) Year (1000 tonnes) Year (1000 tonnes) Year (1000 tonnes) Year (1000 tonnes) Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average ('000 tonnes/yr)
Region 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average ('000 tonnes/yr)
Asia 96,084 120,150 129,896 140,800 146,605 145,850 3.9 136,660
America 33,728 37,599 38,151 38,518 39,817 40,236 1.4 38,865
Africa 16,976 18,430 18,903 19,419 19,451 20,753 2.4 19,391
Europe 13,139 13,811 13,697 15,535 16,366 17,734 5.0 15,429
Latin America Caribbean 1,935 2,014 2,156 2,149 2,215 2,357 3.1 2,178
Oceania 754 830 940 905 858 907 1.8 888
Total 162,617 192,836 203,743 217,325 225,312 227,837 3.3 213,411
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
38
REGIONAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION

• The Latin America Caribbean region has the
  highest rate 50kg/cap/yr in 2004.
• In America, the average per capita consumption is
  48 kg/yr
• Asia is third in ranking with an average of 38
  kg/cap/yr.

Region Year Year Year Year Year Year Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (kg/cap/yr)
Region 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (kg/cap/yr)
Latin America Caribbean 44.31 44.23 46.92 46.35 47.34 49.93 2.4 47
America 44.26 47.10 47.29 47.24 48.32 48.32 0.5 48
Asia 27.21 32.68 34.97 37.51 38.66 38.06 3.0 36
Oceania 25.31 26.81 30.04 28.63 26.89 28.11 1.0 28
Europe 18.05 18.97 18.83 21.37 22.53 24.44 5.0 21
Africa 22.86 23.17 23.33 23.54 23.16 24.26 0.9 23
Total 27.82 31.74 33.20 35.06 35.98 36.02 2.5 34
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
39
CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIES

• China is the largest trop. fruit consuming
  country with a annual growth rate of 6 during
  the last 5 years.
• The other large consuming countries are India
  and USA

Country Year Year Year Year Year Year Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (1,000 tonnes/yr)
Country 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (1,000 tonnes/yr)
China 39,818 61,303 70,523 75,826 80,894 83,210 6.1 74,351
India 23,747 24,726 24,490 27,199 27,285 26,329 1.3 26,006
USA 10,992 12,190 11,344 11,213 11,526 12,078 -0.2 11,670
Brazil 7,997 8,352 9,429 10,396 11,043 10,864 5.2 10,017
Mexico 5,619 6,836 7,307 7,123 7,548 7,301 1.3 7,223
Indonesia 4,320 4,822 5,494 6,211 6,344 6,081 4.6 5,790
Nigeria 4,540 4,885 4,890 4,903 4,900 4,904 0.1 4,896
Iran, Islamic Rep of 3,438 3,372 3,489 3,989 4,102 4,230 4.5 3,836
Philippines 3,891 4,526 4,175 5,033 5,057 3,964 -2.6 4,551
Egypt 2,763 3,504 3,340 3,241 3,201 3,327 -1.0 3,323
World 162,617 192,836 203,743 217,325 225,312 227,837 3.3 213,411
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
40
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIES

• Ecuador has the highest per cap consumption rate
  of 104 kg/yr
• Dominican Republic is second highest with 87
  kg/cap/yr

Country Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (kg/cap/yr)
Country 1995-1999 (average) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004 () Annual Average (kg/cap/yr)
Ecuador 85.1 99.3 89.1 97.5 87.9 103.5 0.8 93.7
Dominican Republic 76.5 63.5 78.3 87.7 83.1 86.8 6.2 79.3
Cuba 56.3 59.7 61.1 52.6 59.7 71.4 3.5 60.1
Mexico 59.6 69.1 72.7 69.9 73.0 69.6 0.1 69.0
China 31.9 47.8 54.6 58.2 61.7 63.0 5.5 52.8
Iran, Islamic Rep of 53.7 50.7 51.9 58.6 59.5 60.7 3.6 55.9
Brazil 48.4 48.6 54.2 59.0 61.9 60.2 4.2 55.4
Haiti 57.2 65.8 62.2 61.8 62.5 57.0 -2.8 61.1
Venezuela,Bolivar Rep of 65.9 60.8 57.7 57.6 55.2 50.7 -3.6 58.0
Philippines 54.5 59.8 54.1 64.1 63.2 48.7 -4.1 57.4
World 27.82 31.74 33.20 35.06 35.98 36.02 2.5 34.4
(Data Source FAOSTAT)
41
NUTRITION AND HEALTH
4
Why Tropical Fruits?

• full of vitamins and minerals
• contain micronutrients, phytochemicals and
  antioxidants
• high in dietary fibre

42
FUNCTIONAL FOODS
foods possess physiological benefits beyond
basic nutritional functions. market for
functional foods is being driven by a growing
consumer understanding of diet/disease links,
aging populations, rising health care costs, and
advances in food technology and nutrition - WHO
Phytochemicals found in Tropical Fruits together
with the recognized nutrients act synergistically
to lower the risk of diseases
By Samir Samman Proceedings of the International
Technical Trade Seminar on Tropical
Subtropical Fruits
43
INNOVATION FOR NEW AND PROCESSED PRODUCT
TYPES OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN TROPICAL FRUITS
     Limonine in guava and lime have the
potential to conjugate carcinogens and facilitate
their excretion
Isoprenoid products such as carotenoids, found
in mango and papaya, can also act as antioxidants
         Phytosterols in pineapple and avocado,
which interfere with the absorption of
cholesterol, provides protection against
cardiovascular disease
Boron in avocado has an oestrogenic effect and a
range of biological actions
44
Protein in Papaya
PROTEIN TYPES FUNCTION / USAGE
Isoleucine For growth, intelligence development and nitrogen balance
Leucine Increase muscular energy levels and stimulate brain function
Lysine Forming blood antibodies, improves circulatory system and promotes cell growth
Methionine Metabolizing fats and lipids for healthy liver and calm the nerves
Threonine Improves competence of intestines and aids digestion
Trytophane Enhances the B group vitamins and improves nerve fibres as for emotional stability and calmness
Valine Assists co-ordination of muscular system and improve mental capacity
Cystine Aids with pancreatic health, stabilizes blood sugar and alleviating food allergies
Glutamic Acid Reduce the craving for alcohol and stabilize mental health
Tyrosine Slow the ageing of cells and suppresses hunger, coloration of hair and skin, and sun-burn protection
45
Guava A Healing Remedy Worldwide
COUNTRY FUNCTION / USAGE
Cuba Cold, stomach and intestinal disorders
Ghana Central Africa Toothache, wounds, intestinal cramps, diarrhoea, rheumatism, vertigo, nausea, kidney infections, colds, mouth inflammations, fevers, epilepsy, cholera,bronchitis, coughs and colds, insomnia and the leaves against worms
Malaysia Dermatitis, hysteria, epilepsy, diarrhoea, emmenagogue fevers
Philipines Wounds, sores, astringent, childbirth. Fruit juice to strengthen the heart
Trinidad Diarrhoea, stomach and intestinal disorders (infusion)
Haiti Stomach and intestinal disorders, antiseptic, astringent diarrhoea, piles, wounds, skin diseases, epilepsy
New Guinea Against itching insect bites
Tonga Stomach-aches
Tahiti Skin tonic
West Indian Islands Epilepsy, coughs
46
Guava A Healing Remedy Worldwide (Continued)
COUNTRY FUNCTION / USAGE
Brazil Haemorrhoids, mouth inflammations, diarrhoea
China Diabetes
Mexico Stomach-aches, diarrhoea (Infusion from leaves and bark), ulcers and wounds, swellings
Hawaii Diarrhoea (chew the fresh young leaves)
Chile Peru Chewing the leaves for the strengthening of the gums
Panama Chew the leaves against toothache
Samoa The leaves as cough medicines and as an antidote against all kinds of poisonings
Asia In some south Asian countries as well as in China, a narcotic psidium drug is produced by feeding exclusively guava leaves to insects, particularly to grasshoppers. The excrement of the insects is collected, kneaded to small balls, dried and stored airtight. Some of these pills are dissolved in hot water and taken if required
Source Papaya Guava as Medicine A Safe
Cheap Form of Food Therapy
(Pelanduk Publications 2001)
47
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50
Campaigns for Increasing Fruit Consumption
51
Campaigns for Increasing Fruit Consumption

• 5 A Day National Programme
• increasing the availability of fruit in schools
  and
• worksites,
• changing national policies to influence fruit
  intake,
• reaching poor and disadvantaged population
• groups to reduce health inequities.
• ( WHO No communicable Disease Prevention
  Health Promotion Department NPH 2003 )

52

• United States 5 A Day Program
• One in five Americans eats his/her five a day
  fruits
• vegetables.
• Fruits consumption of 5 to 9 servings a day
  will
• lead to healthy lifestyles.
• Awareness of this recommendation has increased
• from 22 in 1992 to 40 in 2002.
• ( US Department of Agriculture )

53

• European 5 A-Day
• 20 out of 25 European nations fail to meet
  World
• Health Organisation (WHO) produce
  consumption
• standards.
• Three effective interventions
• Workplace fruit (free fruit to employees)
• School fruit snack (parent paid) and
• Catering initiatives at worksite restaurants
• The UK Department of Health is promoting
• the 5 A-Day logo as part of a wider
• message drive to improve the overall
• health of the British people.
• ( UK Department of Health )

54

• Philippines Give-Me-Five Program
• Promotion fruit and vegetable growing through
• backyard gardening
• Promotion higher consumption of fruit among the
  
• middle-aged and elderly population of the
  country.
• The per capita consumption of fruits in the
• Philippines is very low 0.02kg per day.
• ( Philippines National Nutrition Council )

55
5
CONCLUSION

• Development of the industry
• The tropical and subtropical fruit industry is a
  vibrant industry with healthy expansion in
  production, international trade and consumption.
• The industry should be further exploited for the
  development of new products, especially processed
  products as these fruits are highly perishable.
• Development of new innovations for the
  extraction of phytochemical, nutraceuticals and
  metabolites found in tropical fruits.

56

• Development of a Global Information System
• Tropical and subtropical fruits are important
  sources for human nutrition. However, of late
  there are numerous claims on the health benefits
  and disease prevention properties of these
  fruits.
• There is a need to develop a credible and
  reliable information system to educate the
  consumers on the consumption of fruits and their
  benefits development of a well-informed
  society.
• The Information System could also include
  statistics on production, international trade,
  consumption on major and minor fruits.

57

• 3. Partnership Projects
• The following partnership projects are proposed
  for further development of the tropical and
  subtropical fruit sector
• Tropical Fruit Consumption Campaign Human
  Health
• Conservation and Utilisation of Traditional Fruit
  Species
• Nutritional Studies
• Nutrient Contents of fruit species
• Epidemoiological Studies
• Phytochemicals / Metabolites in Fruits
• Organic Fruit Cultivation
• Global Information System
• Production
• Trade
• Consumption
• Nutrition and health

58
T H A N K Y O U for your kind attention

• .5 servings of tropical fruits a day, keep the
  medicine man away!

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