CHURCH HISTORY II Lesson 15

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CHURCH HISTORY IILesson 15 Scottish
Puritanism PART 1
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PURITANISM
the haunting fear that someone might be
happy! H. L. Mencken
It was an effort to rid the Christianity of
England from all things contrary to the biblical
revelation, to remove all things, whether in
doctrine, discipline, ceremony or polity which
had been added by Rome Dr. Edw Panosian
A spiritual movement which developed under
Elizabeth I (late 16th century), blossomed in the
Interregnum (1640s and 1650s) and withered in
the persecution between the Restoration (1660)
and Toleration (1689) Dr. David Calhoun
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The English Reformation
Characteristics of the English Reformation
It was more political than religious
There is no dominant spiritual figure
It was more organizational than doctrinal
The English church was marked by continual
upheaval
FRAMEWORK What happened when?
WHO WERE THE PURITANS?
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The English Reformation
The Royal Players
Elizabeth 1558-1603
James I 1603-1625
Charles I 1625-1649
English Commonwealth 1649-1653
English
Cromwell 1653-1658
Charles II 1660-1685
James II 1685-1688
William Mary 1688-1702
Interregnum
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The English Reformation
The Royal Players
Elizabeth 1558-1603
James I 1603-1625
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King James VI of Scotland (1567-1603)became King
when 13 months old
King James I of England (1603-1625)became King
when Elizabeth dies
The Beginning of Great Britain
Fluent in Greek, Latin, French, English, and his
native Scots. Schooled in Italian and Spanish.
King James was sickly having crippling arthritis,
weak limbs, abdominal colic, gout, and a number
of other chronic illnesses. He also had physical
handicaps which affected his legs and tongue.
Coupled with numerous attempts on his life, he
required constant attention and watch care.
His major concern a centralized powerful
monarchy
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King James I
When he ascended to the throne RC, Presb,
Anglicans all had high hopes for him
RC his mother, Mary, Queen of Scots, was
catholic
Presb he was from Scotland raised by Presb.
Anglican episcopacy supported King as head of
church
looked forward to being in a country where the
clergy could not instruct the King on what he
should do! Dr. Packer
Presbyterians immediately appeal to the new King
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The Millenary Petition Puritan document
requesting further church reforms
The Hampton Court Conference 1604 Puritans
asked for the followingreforms
Elimination of1. the signing of the cross
during baptism 2. confirmation 3. the
administration of baptism by women 4. use of the
ring in marriage 5. bowing in the name of
Jesus 6. dress of ministers vestments 7. pries
ts living in the church 8. end
absolution 9. all church disciplined carried out
by church and not for insignificant matters.
Kings James rejected these requests, but did
grant translation of the Bible incommon
language. King James Bible
This would turn King James against Puritans and
he would begin an ineffectual persecution of
Puritans. THE NEW WORLD
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King James I
When he ascended to the throne RC, Presb,
Anglicans all had high hopes for him
RC his mother, Mary, Queen of Scots, was
catholic
Presby he was from Scotland, the heart of
Presby, raised by Presby.
Anglican episcopacy supported King as head of
church
Presbyterians appealed to James at Hampton Conf
of 1604
He was of low moral character which served to
discredit himDeclaration of Sports Failed to
support Protestants in 30 years War
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The English Reformation
The Royal Players
Elizabeth 1558-1603
James I 1603-1625
Charles I 1625-1649
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King Charles I
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King Charles I
More moral than father, but less politicalsavvy.
Married a Catholic queen Henrietta Maria of
France
Appoints William Laud, Archbishop ofCanterbury,
RC Arminian
Conflict with Parliament- money disbanded
1629-1640
Immigration to the New World Begins 1620
Plymouth Bradford 1630 - Mass. Bay Colony -
Winthrop
Charles blundered in Scotland by giving Laud full
authority over Scottish church War He turns to
Ireland for an army united Scottish Calvinists
English Puritans Needs money calls Parliament
back Short Parliament Scotland wins and forces
Long Parliament Civil War 1642 1648 Cavaliers
and Roundheads
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During the Civil War 1642-1648
Parliament abolished the episcopal framework of
church government

• The Parliament called together the Westminster
  Assembly to adviseit and establish a new church
  order.
• 121 clergy 30 laymen
• Directory of Worship
• Westminster Confession of Faith
• Larger Shorter Catechism

Archbishop Laud is executed by Parliament
King Charles I is executed
Charles negotiates with Scots, Catholics, and
MPs
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The English Reformation
The Royal Players
Elizabeth 1558-1603
James I 1603-1625
Charles I 1625-1649
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Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector
He was a wealthy landowner descendedfrom an
advisory to Henry VIII
Was converted and became a PuritanIndependent
When the civil war broke out, he returnedhome
and raised a cavalry unit
The King defeated at Naseby, Cromwellled the
protestant cavalry
Scots sided with Charles II Irish
rebelled. England Protestants splintered
Cromwell disbanded Parliament became Lord
Protector
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Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector
He set out to reform church state
His religious policies were fairly
tolerantreligious freedom granted to Baptists,
Quakers,Anglicans, Jews, RC.Presby Puritans
continued to fight for a state church
Political unrest he is offered throne of England
Parliament was full of saints of God-who were
terrible at government! Dr. Packer
Upon his natural death, his son Richard
Cromwellunable to continue Protectorate
Restoration of 1660Presby Anglicans join to
bring Charles II fromexile in France
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The English Reformation
The Royal Players
Elizabeth 1558-1603
James I 1603-1625
Charles I 1625-1649
English Commonwealth 1649-1653
1648
1642
English
Civil War
Cromwell 1653-1658
Charles II 1660-1685
Interregnum
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King Charles II
Acts of Uniformity
1) Episcopal ordination for all pastors
2) All pastors take Oath of Consent useable
needs no improvement whatsoever
3) Must regard Solemn League Covenant an
unlawful oath
St Bartholomew's Day (August 24) 1662
2,000 Puritans relinquish their pulpits
1665-66 Great Plague
Underground church next 25 years
20,000 Puritans arrested
1685 Charles dies confessed Roman Catholic
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The English Reformation
The Royal Players
Elizabeth 1558-1603
James I 1603-1625
Charles I 1625-1649
English Commonwealth 1649-1653
1648
1642
English
Civil War
Cromwell 1653-1658
Charles II 1660-1685
James II 1685-1688
Interregnum
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King James II
Openly sought to return Englandto Roman
Catholicism
Brought in Jesuits MonksAppointed Catholics to
highoffice
His wife presented him a sonwhich insured him an
heir to thethrone
His overt RC lead to the Protestant Rebellion
called The Glorious Revolution of 1688
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The English Reformation
The Royal Players
Elizabeth 1558-1603
James I 1603-1625
Charles I 1625-1649
English Commonwealth 1649-1653
1648
1642
English
Civil War
Cromwell 1653-1658
Charles II 1660-1685
James II 1685-1688
William Mary 1688-1702
Interregnum
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William Mary
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William Mary
Religious Toleration The Toleration Act of 1689
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Swear loyalty to the sovereign
James II, who had fled to Europe landed in
Ireland with a French Army and Irish Catholics
attempted to regain his throne. William
defeated him 1690.
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The Development of English Protestantism
Roman Catholics
Anglican High Church
(Arminian)
Anglicans 1534
(Calvinistic)
Evangelical Low Church
Purify Church of England
Presbyterians
Separatist
State Church Puritans
Congregationalists Independents
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The Old English Puritane was such an one that
honoured God above all, and under God gave every
one his due. His first care was to serve God,
and therein he did not what was good in his own,
but in Gods sight, making the word of God the
rule of his worship.
He highly esteemed order in the House of God but
would not under colour of that submit to
superstitious rites, which are superfluous and
perish in their use.
He made conscience of all Gods ordinances,
though some he esteemed of more consequence.
He was much in praier with it he began and
closed the day. In it he was exercised in his
closet, family and publike assembly.
He esteemed that manner of praier best, where by
the gift of God, expressions were varied
according to present wants and occasions Yet he
did not account set forms unlawful.
Therefore in that circumstance of the Church he
did not wholly reject the liturgy but the
corruption of it. He esteemed reading of the
word an ordinance of God both in private and
publike but he did not account reading to be
preaching. .
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. He accounted perspicuity the best grace of a
preacher And that method best which was most
helpful to understanding, affection and memory. .
.
He accounted perspicuity the best grace of a
preacher And that method best which was most
helpful to understanding, affection and memory. .
.
The Lords day he esteemed a divine ordinance,
and rest on it necessary so far as it induced to
holinesse. He was very consciencious in the
observance of that day as the Mart day of the
Soul. . . .
The Sacrament of Baptism he received in Infancy,
which he looked back to in his age to answer his
ingagements, and claim his priviledges.
The Lords Supper he accounted part of his souls
food to which he laboured to keep an appetite.
He esteemed it an ordinance of nearest communion
with Christ, so requiring most exact preparation.
. . .
He accounted religion an engagement to duty, that
the best Christians should be the best husbands,
best wives, best parents, best children, best
Masters, best servants, best Magistrates, best
subjects, that the doctrine of God might be
adorned not blasphemed. His family he
endeavoured to make a Church, both in regard of
persons and exercises, admitting none into it but
such as feared God and labouring that those that
were born in it, might be born again to God. . .
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He was a man of a tender heart, not only in
regard of his own sin, but others misery, not
counting mercy arbitrary, but a necessary duty
wherein as he prayed for wisdom to direct him, so
he studied for cheerfulnesse and a bounty to act.
. . . In his habit he avoided costlinesse and
vanity, neither exceeding his degree in civility
nor declining what suited with Christianity,
desiring in all things to expresse gravity.
His whole life he accounted a warfare, wherein
Christ was his captain, his arms, praiers and
tears. The Crosse his Banner and his word Vincit
qui patitur.
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