Kein Folientitel

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To design ? ???ssa t?? a?t??e?µ????
To e?d?af???? t?? ?e???a? t?? ???ssa? t??
a?t??e?µ???? ep??e?t???eta? t?? a?s??s?a???
?e?t?????e?, d??ad? st?? ?e?t?????e? t??
p?????t?? p?? µetaf????ta? µ?s? t?? a?t?????? t??
a?s??se??, ?a? ep??e????? t?? pa?at???t?
??????. Ta a?a??s??µe p?????ta µe t?? p?at??
?????a t?? ????? ?p?? s?st?µata p?????t??,
ep?f??e?e? ???s??, ? ??? t?? e????a pa???s?as??
µ?a? eta??e?a? ??p, e?et????ta? ta a?s??t??? µ?sa
t?? µ??f?? ?p?? f??µe? ?a? ???µata ?a? ta?t?????a
?a e?et?s??µe ta µ?sa p?? µetaf????? t??
s?µas?e?. ??????a ?a ????s??µe t?? ???ssa t??
a?t??e?µ???? se ?e?t?????e? t?? a?s??t???? ?a?
se s?µa?t???? ?e?t?????e?. ??? s?µa?t????
?e?t?????e? t?? ???????µe se ?e?t?????e?
e?de??e?? ?a? se ?e?t?????e? s?µß????. Sta
ep?µe?a ?ef??a?a ?a as???????µe µe ta t??a a?t?
?ef??a?a d?af???p????ta? ta ?a? ?a ta a?a??s??µe
pa?ade??µat??? µe s???e???µ??e? pe??pt?se??.
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S??se?? (?e?t?????e?) a????p?? - a?t??e?µe???.
??a?t???? ?e?t?????e?
?e?t?????e?
??t??e?µe??
???st??
?e?t?????e? t?? ???ssa? t?? a?t??e?µ????
?e?t?????e? s?µß????
?e?t?????e? ??s??t???? t?? f??µa?
?e?t?????e? e?de??e??
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?e?t?????e? t?? a?s??t???? t?? f??µa?.

• Te???t??? ß?s? t?? a?s??t???? t?? f??µa?
  e??a? ? ????????a t?? a?t?????? ?a? t?? µ??f??. ?
  ???es? t?? Christian von Ehrenfels (1890 / Ueber
  Gestaltqualitaeten) ?e?? p???t?t?? µ??f?? p??
  ?d?se ?a? st? ?e???a t? ???µa t??, a?af??e? ?t?
  st? d?ad??as?a t?? a?t?????? ????? eµe?? ?a
  ep?µß??µe, ap? t?? ?ept?µ??e?e? e??? e?e??sµat??
  pa???eta? ??t? ?a????????, d??ad? µ?a
  ????????µ??? µ??f? (Gestalt).
• St? s?ed?ast??? t?µ?a eµfa???eta? a?t? ap
  t? µ?a epe?d? ta a?t??e?µe?a ta a?t??aµßa??µaste
  sa? ???µ??e?a ?a? ??? sa? ?????sµa t?? tµ?µ?t??,
  ap t?? ???? epe?d? ? µ??f? (d??ad? ? s??se?? t??
  tµ?µ?t??) de? a????e?, ad??f??? a? ß??p??µe t?
  a?t??e?µe?? st? p?a?µat??? t?? µ??e??? se
  sµ?????s? ? µe?????s?. ? µ??f? ?a?????eta? p??ta
  µ?s? t?? s??se?? t?? µeµ???µ???? tµ?µ?t??.

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????te?a ap?de??a? ?? ?d??t?? t?? ????????a? t??
µ??f?? Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka ?a? Wolfgang
Koehler ?t? ? a?t????? µa? de? ?a?????eta? µ???
µ?s? t?? ?d??t?t?? t?? a?t??e?µ????, a??? ?a? ?t?
?p??e?ta? ?a? s???e???µ???? ???????????
?a?????. ??t?? ?? es?te????? d?ad??as?e?
?at?ta??? ?e?t??????? a????ta ?a? e??a? ?p??
-at?µ?st???? ?a? a?e???t?te? ap? ep?????? t??
eµpe???a?. Se p???? pe???µata ap?de??a? ?t? ta
?t?µa p?? ?p?ß?????a? st??? ?e??µe???? ?a?a????
desµ??? e?e??sµ??, d??ad? ?a??? s?????e?
??at?t?ta? (p? se µ???? ????? pa?at???s?? e???
d??at?? t?? de?te????pt??), µe ?aµ??? f??, se
p??? µ???? ???µa?a ? ap? µe???? ap?stas?,
ta????µ??sa? ?a? ap??p????sa? t?? f?????e? p??
ß??pa?e. ??? ß??pa?e p?? ?a???????, ap??p???µ??e?
s?µµet????? ?a? p?? e??µ??e? ap? ?t? ?ta?
p?a?µat???. ??t? d??????? t??????st?? ta s??d?a
t?? at?µ?? p?? s?ed?asa? a?t? p?? e?da?. G???e?
ap? 87 ? 93 µ???e? s?ed??st??a? ?? ????? ????e?,
µ?a se ??a s?µe?? d?a?e??µµ??? ??aµµ? ?????? sa?
????????µ???? ??????, µ?a as?µµet?? f?????a ????e
s?µµet???? ? p??? p?? as?µµet?? ap? t?? ?a??????.
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??t?? t?? e?d??? t?? epa?e???µµ??e? a?t?d??se??
µe ?atap?es? ?a? ap??p???s? s???et?? e?e??sµ??
t?? ???µ????? ?? ????????? t?? µ??f?? t?s? ??a
saf??e?a ? t?s? ??a ?a?? µ??f?, ??a ??? p??
a??????e? ?a?a?t??????ta? µ?a ep?st?µ?????
pa?at???s?. ?? a?t? t?te ????e µe p???es? ? ???
de? e??a? ???st? (Katz 1964, Metzger 1984). ?
s?µe????? t??p?? ???s?? p??t?? e??a?
ap???at???pt?? p?? p?e? ?a pe? ?t? ? ?a?? µ??f?
de? e??a? ?a????? s?????µ? ??a ?a?? s??d?? ?
?a?? f??µa. O Wolfgang Metzger ?a?a?t???se t?
ap?t??esµa t?? d?ad??as?a? t?? a?t?????? µe t??
e??? t??p? ? d?µ?s? p?a?µat?p??e?ta? a?? p?sa
st??µ? µe t?t??? t??p? ?ste ?a ep????eta? ?
?????te?? p??a?? t???, ?a d?µ????????ta? ??
?a??te?e? µ??f?? ( ?? p?? ap???, e??µ??e?,
?µ??e?, ?? p?? ta???ast?? ??p) ??t? ap? t??
d?sµe?e?? a?t?? ?atast?se??. ?ts? s?µp??a?e t??
?d??t?te? t?? µ??f?? p?? pe?????f??? p?? e??a?
d?µ?µ??e? ?? ?a?a?t???st???? ?a??? µ??f?? ? ??
µ??f?? ?????? t????, ?a? ?a????se t??? ??µ???
?a? ta ???t???a ??a t?? ?e??µe?e? ?a??? µ??f??.
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Sa s????e?a e?et?st??a? ?? ??µ?? a?t?? ?? p???
t?? efa?µ??? t??? ??a t?? a?s??t??? t?? f??µa?
t?? a?t??e?µ???? s?et??? µe t? s?µas?a ?a? t??
µetaf??? t??? st? ???? t?? design. ?ts?
?a????st??a? ta ???t???a ??a t?? pe????af? t??
t???? ?a? t?? p???p????t?ta? t?? p?????t?? p?? ?a
d??µe pa?a??t?. ????ataß????? p??pe? ?a p??µe
?t? t?? ßas???? p???p???se?? t?? ap?te???? af
e??? ?? s??se?? a????p??-a?t??e?µe??? ?a? ?
a?t????? t?? p???p????t?ta? µ?s? t?? a????p????
???????, af eta???? ? ?pa??? p????
e?e??sµ??. ????? pa?a????? e?e??sµ?? ????µe µ?s?
???µ?t??, f??µa?, ?f?? ep?f??e?a?, ???? ?
µ???d??? ?a? µe t?? a???µ? t?? e?e??sµ??
a????eta? ?a? ? p???p????t?ta. ???ad? ??????ta
t?? ?p???? ? ep?f??e?a ap?te?e?ta? ap? p????
???µata, d?af??et???? p???t?te? ?f?? ??p,
eµfa?????? ?????te?? p???p????t?ta ap? p?????ta
µe te?e??? ?µ????e?? ep?f??e?a.
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?a?a?t???st??? t???? ?a? p???p????t?ta?.
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?p??t?ta
?p??? f??µe? ???µ????µe ?e?µet???? s??µata ?p??
t?? ??aµµ? t?? ?????, t? t?????? ? ta ßas???
s?µata d??ad? sfa??a ? ??ß?. ????? ?a?a?t???st???
t??? e??a? ?t? ap?te????ta? ap? ???a
st???e?a. ?µe?? ?? ?????p?? ????µe t?? t?s? ?a
ap??p????µe s???eta s??µata. St? pa??de??µa
fa??eta? p?? p??spa???µe µ?a f??µa ?aµ????
s???es?? ?a t?? ????s??µe se d?? s?µata.
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?p??t?ta
? sfa????? p???????a t?? Eero Aario (1963/65)
ap?te?e?ta? ap? t? p?? t??e?? ?e?µet????
s?µa. ???? µ?s? t?? t?µ?? ?a? t?? p??s?es?? t??
???????? p?d??? ???eta? ? sfa??a ???st???
a?t??e?µe??.
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?p??t?ta
? t??e??as? ltltCubogtgt t?? Mario Bellini (1995)
e??a? s??e?d?t? µe??µ??? sa? ??ß??. ?? p?? pa???
µ??t??? ltltblackgtgt t?? Maro Zanuso ?a? Richard
Sapper (1968) µe ?µ??a µ??f? e??e a??µa ?e?a?a
?a? ???µp?? ta ?p??a e??????sa? st?? te?e??t?ta
t?? t????. ??s? t?? te?????????? e??????? a?t??
?? ?e?t?????e? e?s?µat????a? st? ??? p?????
a??ata.
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?p??t?ta
?? f?t?st??? t?? Bauhaus, t?? Wilhelm Wagenfeld
?a? Carl Jacob Junker (1923/24) s?ed??st??e sa?
?????sµa ap? p???? s?µata. ltlt??a st??????? p???a
??a? ?????d????? s????a? ?a? ??a pe??p??
?µ?sfa???? e??a? ta s?µa?t???te?a e?a?t?µata gtgt
e?pe t? 1924 ? Wagenfeld ??a t? s??d?? t??.
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?p??t?ta
?a? st? ????µa Memphis s?ed?a?a? ?at? p??t?µ?s?
µe ap?? ?e?µet???? s?µata. St?? ?a????a
ltltFirstgtgt (1983) epa???aße ? Michele de Lucci t?
??????? st???e?? p????? f????.
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????p????t?ta
?e ???a???? ?e?st?? f??µe?, ????e? ?a? ???t??
?aµp???t?te? eµfa???eta? t? s?µa t?? ?a?ap? ltltLa
Chaisegtgt (1948) µe µ?a ?e?µet???? p??a p???
s???et? µ??f?. Se a?t??es? µe ta ?ept? ?a?
sta???t? p?d?a. ? ?µp?e?s? ???e st?? Charles ?a?
Ray Eames ap? ??a ?ap??µ??? ???pt? t?? ???pt?
Gaston Lachaise.
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????p????t?ta
? ?e?µet???? p???p???? ?a? d?s???? st?? s?ed?asµ?
t?? f??µa t?? p?µ???? Nr. 127 t?? Wilhelm
Braun-Feldweg (1935), de? s?ed??st??e p?t? se
s?ed?ast????, a??? µe ß?s? t? ap?t?p?µa t??
?e???? se p?aste????. ?? µ??t??? p??ase µe ????
d?af???p???s? ?at e??e?a? st? ?a???p? ??a ??t?.
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???t?ta µ?s? e???t?ta?.
Se p???? pe???µata a?t?????? ap?de??t??e ?t?
te????µe ate?? s??µata ?p?s??e?d?ta ?a ta
s?µp???????µe ?a? ?a ta ß??p??µe sa? s?µpa?e??
f?????e?. ?.?. se ?a??? e?t?p?se?? µ????? ??af??
d?aß????µe a?t? 3 ?a? C ??a ????????µ??? 8 ?
0. ?ts? s??µat????? ?? te?e?e? a?t?? ?ata????fe?
se????, epe?d? ß??s???ta? ?ata????fa p?? ???t?
ap? ?t? ??????t?a. St?? ??aµµ?? ß??p??µe ????de?
p?? ?e???????? ???? t?? µe?a??te??? d?ast?µat??
a??µesa t???.
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???t?ta µ?s? e???t?ta?.
St? t?ap??? ltltColonatogtgt t?? Mario Bellini (1977)
st????ta? ta p?d?a t?s? ???t? p?? d?µ????????
??a s?????.
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???t?ta µ?s? e???t?ta?.
St?? ?a????a ltltSolidgtgt t?? Heinz H. Landes(1986)
e?????ta? ta ept? pa??????a s?de?a µ?s? e???t?ta?
( p??s??????) s??µat????ta? t?? p??t? ?a? t?
????sµa. ? ß?s? e??a? ap? µpet?? ?a? ta s?de?a
??????ta? sa? e??sµata.
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?????µa µ?s? ap?stas??
St?? ?a????a ltltArgylegtgt t?? Charles R. Mackintosh
(1897) ß??p??µe ta ?ata????fa µ??? t?? p??t??
sa? t?sse?a µeµ???µ??a st???e?a. ?e? s??µat?????
e??t?ta ?p?? st?? ?a????a p???.
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?????µa µ?s? ap?stas??
?ept?µ??e?a.
?a? t? pa?aß?? t?? Eileen Gray s????te? t?? s??s?
ep?f??e?a? ?a? ?e??? µe t?t??? t??p? p?? t?
pa?aß?? fa??eta? s?ed?? d?afa???.
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???t?ta µ?s? ?a??? s????e?a?
?a µ??? e??? s??µat?? p?? d?a???f??? µ?a
s??e??µe?? d??ad? ltlt?a?? ??aµµ?gtgt ta ß??p??µe
sa? µ???da. ?? ????de? µa? d????? t?? e?t?p?s?
?t? s?ep????? µ??? µ?a? ??aµµ??. ?a? ?µ?? e??a?
ap?? ??µµ?t?a µ?a? e??e?a? µe t?? ?d?a
?ate????s?. ? de?te?? ape?????s? ?????eta? a?????
se d?? d?asta???µ??e? ???????? ??aµµ??. ???
d?s???? e??a? ?a d??µe d?? d?ep???a ? t?sse?a
a????t? t??a.
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???t?ta µ?s? ?a??? s????e?a?
?? ??e?st? s?de????? p?a?s?? t?? ?a????a? t??
Mies van der Rohe s??µat??e? e??t?ta µ?s? ?a???
s????e?a? epe?d? fa?ta??µaste t?? s????a ?a? ??t?
ap? t? p???µa.
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???t?ta µ?s? ?a??? s????e?a?
???t?ta µ?s? ?a??? s????e?a? de???e? ?a? t?
?e????? t?? Hewi Nr. 550.31.8 gko (1996) ????
t?? ?t? t? ?e????? ?a? ? p???a e?????ta?
d?µ???????ta? ??a ?.
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???t?ta µ?s? ?a??? s????e?a?
St?? ?a????a ltltLedagtgt t?? Angela
Oedekoven-Gerischer eµfa???eta? ? e??t?ta µ?s?
?a??? s????e?a? d?? f????. ????sµa ?a? p?s? p?d?
s??µat????? se ???? ????a ??a st???e??, epe?d?
ap t?? µ?a ß??s???ta? se se???, ap t?? ????
????? ????? p???? ?????? ?a? ?d?a f??µa. ?? ?d??
?s??e? f?s??? ?a? ??a t? µp??st??? p?d? ?a? t??
p??t?.
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?????µa µ?s? d?a??p??
?? ??f? ltltZoll-dgtgt t?? Lukas Buol ?a? Marco
Zuend (1993). ?a ??????t?a ep?peda p?? ???µ??ta?
e?e??e?a p??a ap? t??? d?????, d????? st? ??f?
p???p????t?ta µ?s? a????µat??. ???ad? a?t??eta ?a
?ta? p??? p?? ??eµ? ? stat??? ? f??µa a? ta
??????t?a ep?peda te?e???a? st??? d?????.
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?????µa µ?s? d?a??p??
St? da?t???d? ltltHigh Noongtgt t?? Timo Kuechler
(1994) p???a?e? t? as?????st? ?e?? t?? p??s???
µa?.
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?µ???µ??f?a
?p???e? µ?a t?s? ?d?a ? ?µ??a ??µµ?t?a ?a ta
ß??p??µe sa? µ?a ?µ?da.?? ?de?e? ?a? ?? ?eµ?te?
te?e?e? a??ste?? s??µat????? se????. St?? µ?s?
e?µ??e???µe ta s??µata sa? µ?a e??e?a ?a? µ?a
?aµp??? se s??µa te????? s??µa (S). ???ad? d??
µ??f?? ?atas?e?asµ??e? µe t?? a??? t??
?µ???µ??f?a?. ?e??? ????µe ta ?d?a st???e?a,
d??ad? ?aµp??e? ?a? e??e?e? ?a? ta ß??p??µe
a??µ???µ??fa. S a?t?? t?? pe??pt?s? ??e?a??µaste
µe?a??te?? p??sp??e?a ??a ?a ?ata??ß??µe p?s?
?µ??a e??a?, ??at? µ???????. ??? ?µ???µ??f?a t??
a?t??aµßa??µaste µ??? µ?s? e??? ?a?a?t???st????
?????sµat??, ?p?? t?? f??µa? t?? µe?????? ? t??
???µat??.
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?µ???µ??f?a
ISDN-????f??? ?icom 100 t?? Siemens. ?µ???µ??fa
st???e?a s?ed?asµ?? ?p?? ed? ta ???µp??
s??µat????? ?µ?de?. ???a? a??et? e????? ?a t??
d?a??????µe ?a? ?at? s???pe?a p??? e????ste?. ??
?µ?de? e??s????ta? sa?t?? t?? pe??pt?s? ?a? µ?s?
t?? ??µ?? t?? e???t?ta? epe?d? ta st???e?a
ß??s???ta? ???t? .
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?µ???µ??f?a
?? s?st?µa d?a??pt?? S-Color-System t?? Odo Klose
(1985) e??a? s?ed?asµ??? µe tet?????e? asp?de?
?a? st????????? d?a??pte?. ? d?af??? t??p??
???s?? t?? p??? d?af??et???? t?p?? d?a??pt?? de?
?p?????st??e sa?t?? t?? pe??pt?s?. ???ste??
ep??? ????µe d?a??pt? a???µe??s?? st??f?? ?a?
??t? d?a??pt? µ?????. ?e? de?????? ?aµ?a
d?af???. ?e??? ????µe d?a??pte? a???µe??s?? µe
p?es?.??af??? ?aµ?a. ?? d?af??et???? ???se??
??s??st??a? st?? ß?µ? t?? a?s??t???? ?µ???t?ta?.
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?µ???µ??f?a
?a µa?a???p?????a ltltmono ringgtgt t?? Peter Raacke
(1966) s?ed??st??a? µe µe???? ?µ???t?ta µ?s? t??
p?ast???? ?aß?? ?a? t?? ?????? ??a ???µasµa. ?a
ß??p??µe sa? s?????.
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???µ???µ??f?a
???µ???µ??fa s?ed?ase ? Xavier Mariscal t??
ß?se?? t?? s?aµp? ltltDuplexgtgt (1983). ???e s?aµp?
??e? ??a ?s??, ??a ?aµp???t? ?a? ??a ??µat?st?
p?d?. ?a ??????t?a ??????? ??at?µata e??a? t? ??a
??????t?a p?asµ??? e?? t? de?te?? ????e?. ???e
??µµ?t? ß?ft??e se d?af??et??? ???µa.
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???µ???µ??f?a
?? ?d?? ?s??e? sa? a??? ?a? st?? ??af???? t???e?,
? se interface-design. To pa??de??µa a?af??eta?
st? pe???d??? Zeit-Magazin Nr.23/ 1966. O David
Carson ???s?µ?p???se se ta?t??? ?e?µe?a
d?af??et????? t?p??? ??af?? ?a? ???a?e t? µ??e???
t???.
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S?µµet??a
S?µµet????? µ??f?? e??a? (se s??s? µe ??a ???t?
µesa?? ????a) d?? ?a??ept???µe?a (d??.?d?a)
??µµ?t?a. ?pe?d? ?at? p??t?µ?s? ß??p??µe p??ta ta
s?µµet???? s??µata a?a????????µe st? a??ste??
pa??de??µa ?e???? ?????e? se µa??? f??t?, ?s?eta
a? ?a? t? a?t??et? e??a? ep?s?? ef??t?. ?e???
?p?? de???e? ? e????a ????µe t?? t?s? µ?????
as?µµet??e?, ?st? ?a? ??a ????, ?a t??
e???dete?????µe ?a? ?a t?? ß??p??µe s?µµet????.
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S?µµet??a
??st??? a?????? s?µµet??a e??a? ? p??t? a???
s?ed?asµ?? st? dress table ltltPlazagtgt t?? Michael
Graves (1981). ???? t?? p??s?et???? t??p?? ap?
d??f??a ßas??? s?µata ?p?? ?a? t?? e?????? ap?
d?af??et??? ????? ?a? ???µata, ????e t? ???? ?a?
p??? p???p????.
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?s?µµet??a
?e µe???? s???pe?a s?ed??st??e ? p???????a ltltBel
Airgtgt t?? Peter Shire (1982) as?µµet?a.
35
Saf??e?a
O? safe?? ?a?a?t??????µe t?? f??µe? p?? µp????µe
?a ?e????s??µe a???ß?? t?? µetaß?se?? t??? ?a?
t??? ?a???? p??sa?at???sµ??? ?????. St? t???f???
ltltToplinegtgt t?? Porsche-Design (1996) ?e?????e?
t? a???st??? ap? t?? ßas??? s?s?e?? µ?s? t??
????a? st? ?????µa. ?? ???? ???e? p?? ?a s???se?
t? a???st???, ??at? t?? p??sf??eta?.
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Saf??e?a
?e ?a????sµ??e? f??µe? ?a? safe?? t?µ??,
?e?????e? ? Gropius (1923) t?? ?aß? t?? ?a?µ?
?a? t?? ????ta st? f?µ?sµ??? p?µ??? t?? Bauhaus.
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?s?fe?a
St? p?µ??? t?? Peter Raacke (1963) de? ?????
d?e??????s?e? ta pe??sµata t?? f??µa?. ?aµp??e?
?a? e??e?e? e??a? f??µa??st??? ??a s?µa.
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?s?fe?a
??asf??e?e? µa? p???a?e? ?a? ? ???s? st?
f?t?st??? ltltAragtgt t?? Philippe Starck. ?? µesa??
st???e?? ?efe??e? ???e? µ???e? ap? t?? ?ata????f?
??aµµ? ?a? de? e?µaste s??????? a? p???e?ta? ??a
s??e?d?t? p???es? ? ??a ??µ??.
39
?s?fe?a
? ??d?? a???st?? ltltSquaregtgt t?? Konstantin Grcic
(1995) e??a? ??a ap? ta ???a pa?ade??µata p??
de?????? ?t? t? asaf?? p??asµa ap? tet?????? se
????? µp??e? ?a e??a? p??? ??a??.
40
Se ??ste? ? ? t??? t?? ßa??t?ta?.
?a??????a µe t?? t??? t?? µ??f?? ?p?????? (?at?
t?? Mukarovski) ?a? ???a ?a?a?t???st??? t????. ?
ep????? t??? p?????eta? ap? t?? ?d??t??p?a t??
??????? ?s????p?a? (st? a?t?). ?ts?
a?t??aµßa??µaste s??d?a p?? ß??s???ta? se
??????t?? ?a? se ???et? ??ste?, sa?
ta????µ?µ??a. ??t??eta ta d?a????a ?atas?e??sµata
µa? p???a???? ??tas? ? a??µa ?a? a????a.
41
Se ??ste? ? ? t??? t?? ßa??t?ta?
St? ??d??/?????? t?? Braun ltltABR 21 fmgtgt (1978)
ta????µ????a? ??a ta ???st??? st???e?a µ?sa st?
??????t?? ?a? st? ???et? ??ste?.
42
Se ??ste? ? ? t??? t?? ßa??t?ta?
?a d??e?a t?? Wilhelm Wagenfeld ltltKubusgtgt (1938)
e??a? ep?s?? ap???ta ta????µ?µ??a se ??ste? ?a?
s a?t?? t?? pe??pt?s? ?a? st?? t??t? d??stas?.
43
?p????s? ap? t? ??ste? µ?s? d?a?????? ?
e?e??e??? f??µa?.
St?? f???a????a t?? Rowenta ltlt TP 902Sgtgt
a?at??p??e t? ?e?µ??? st???e?? p?? ?esta??e? t?
t?st ?at? 45 µ???e? ?a? e??ata?e?pe? t?
??????t??/???et? ??ste?.
44
?p????s? ap? t? ??ste? µ?s? d?a?????? ?
e?e??e??? f??µa?.
?? ??µ?d??? t?? Shiro Kuramata (1970) sp?e? t?
??????t??/???et? ??ste? µe t?? ?aµp??e? t??
t??sd??stat?? s?µat??, a??? µ??? ???eta. ??
??aµµ?? t?? s??ta???? ??at??e a?t??eta t??
??????t?? p??sa?at???sµ?. ? f??µa ß??s?eta? se
?pe???tas?.
45
?p????s? ap? t? ??ste? µ?s? d?a?????? ?
e?e??e??? f??µa?.
?e?e??? ape?e??e??µ??? e??a? t? ??f? ltltBookwormgtgt
t?? Ron Arad (1994). ?p????µe µe s?ed?? ?p???
t??p? ?????µe ?a t? ste?e?s??µe st?? t????. ??
??ste? ed? te??e? ?a ???e? a??pa??t?.
46
Se ?s????p?a
?a????µ?µ??a ??µe ?a? ta s?µata p?? ß??s???ta?
se sta?e?? ?at?stas? ?s????p?a?. Se a?t??es?
p???a???? ta a??s????pa, ta ?t??µa ?a
?ata??e?s??? s?µata, t? s??a?s??µa t?? ??tas?? ?
a??µa ?a? t?? a????a?.
? ????e?d?? µ??f? t?? tsa?e??? t?? ?ichael
Graves (1985) pat?e? se fa?d?? ß?s? p?? ste?e?e?
p??? ta ep???. ? ?pe?ß????? ?s????p?a t????eta?
a??µa pe??ss?te?? µ?s? t?? s?µµet????? ?atas?e???
t?? ?aß??. ?? µ???t??? st???e?? t?? ?aß?? p?? ?a
?ta? as?µµet??, ?s????pe? µ?s? t?? ?apa???? µe t?
p????.
47
Se ?s????p?a ???a??.
?e t?? t???sµ??? µ???? ep?f??e?a ß?s??, ?a? µe t?
?????µa p??? ta ep??? fa??eta? t? p?t??? t??
Heinrich Loeffelhardt (1957) ?a ???d??e?e? ?a
p?se?. ?? e????st? st??eµa t?? s?µpa??? ????????
ß?s?? ?a? ? ???s? (?at? eµpe???a) ?t? e??a? ßa???
?a? eµp?d??e? t? p?s?µ?, epa?af????? t?? f??µa
p??? se ?s????p?a.
48
???s????p?a
? Richard Sapper pa??e? s??e?d?t? st? ??????
ltltStaticgtgt (1959) µe t?? stat??? ?a? p???a?e?
s????s?. ?at? t?? ??µ? t?? ßa??t?ta? ?a p??pe?
???e st??µ? t? ?????? ?a p?se? p??? ta µp???,
p???µa p?? de? s?µßa??e? epe?d? ??e? t?p??et?se?
µ?sa t?? ??a a?t?ßa??.
49
???s????p?a
? ast??e?a e??a? t? ?a?a?t???st??? ?????sµa st?
??f? ltltBalance IIgtgt t?? Monika Wall
(1985). ???e afa??es? ? epa?at?p???t?s? ß?ß????
p???a?e? t?? ????s? t?? a?t??e?µ???? µ???? ?a
?s????p?se?.
50
???s????p?a
??a pa??de??µa a??s????p?a? st?? a???te?t?????
e??a? ?? p????at????e? t?? Olivetti st??
F?a??f???t?. ? ?atas?e?? e??a? t?? Egon Eiermann
(1972). ?pt??? ß??s???ta? se µ?a ?ept? ?s????p?a
???? t?? s???????µ???? ß?s?? se µ?a ?????a. ????
a??µa st????ta?.
51
???? µ?s? eµpe???a?
?? ???st?.
?at? t?? ????????a t?? µ??f?? ep??e????? ??
eµpe???e? ?a? ta e?e??sµata t?? ?a?????????, t??
a?t????? µa? pe?? t???? ?a? p???p????t?ta?.G??st?
a?t??e?µe?a µa? fa????ta? ????te?? p???p???a ap?
?t? ????sta. ?p? t?e?? ?e????st?? ??aµµ?? e?µaste
se ??s? ?a d?a??????µe ??a s?ed?? t??sd??stat? ?,
epe?d? ????µe ???s? t?? a?faß?ta? ?a? µp????µe ?a
s?µp????s??µe t?? ?e???? ???a??? ??aµµ??. ????
?ta? st?????µe t? ???µµa a??p?da ? st? p???
???eta? a?t? ? eµpe????? s??s? ?a? de? t?
a?a????????µe sa? ?.
52
???? µ?s? eµpe???a?
?? ?a????????.
G?a t? ??d?? ltltLalalagtgt d???e?e ? Philippe Starck
µ?a f??µa p?? de? ?a?a?t????e? a?t? t?
a?t??e?µe??. ? t??eß?a? ?µ?? µa? e??a? ???st??.
(????te?a ?a?as?ed?ase t? sound station.)
53
?? ?a????????.
St? t??µp??s?? ltltAsterixgtgt t?? Maurizio Duranti
de? ?????µe ?a? pe?? t???? p???e?ta?, epe?d? ?
a??da ??e? e?afa??ste? te?e??? µ?sa st?? ?????d??.
54
? t??? t?? s?µf?a??µ????
?? ta???ast?. ?? a?t??et? (contrast)
?ta? ??t?µe pe?? t?? t???? t?? s?µf?a??µe??? t?te
e?et????µe ta p?????ta se s??s? µe t? pe??ß?????
t???. ??t? ap?µ???µ??a. ???ad? e?et????µe ?at?
p?s? ?atat?ss??ta? ? ??? s a?t?. -Se ?a?a??
a?t??es? ß??s?eta? ? ?e?t??????? f??µa t??
ltltate?e??t?? p????? 1220gtgt t?? Friso ?ramer
(1968) ?a? t? µpa??? pe??ß????? st?? p????
Schloss Herrenhausen.