The Race for Empire

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The Race for Empire
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Imperialism

• It is the policy of extending the rule or
  authority of an empire or nation over foreign
  countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies
  and dependencies.
• Expansionism the doctrine of expanding the
  territory or the economic influence of a country

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Great Britain and France already had empires
through imperialistic measures. The political
cartoon demonstrates this. How does this cartoon
illustrate imperialism?
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Manifest Destiny

• right and duty to expand throughout the
• North American continent.
• Justifies our imperialistic beginnings
• Civil War boosts
• this expansion

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Why build an empire?

• Panic of 1873 and 1893 were a result of
  over-production (We had a surplus)
• We needed new markets for the goods we produced
• Eurocentric focusing on Europe or its people,
  institutions, and cultures, often in a way that
  is arrogantly dismissive of others better than
  otherssuperior to

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How did the U.S. gain Hawaii

• 1875 Trade agreement
• Sugarcane
• U.S. planters in Hawaii no tariffs
• Foreign planters tariffs
• Which one is going to get rich?
• And money is..?

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• POWER he who has the money makes the rules
• Bayonet Constitution of 1887 gave power to
  legislature (majority held by U.S. planters)
• Lorrin Thurston was one of
• the writers of the new
• constitution.
• Does he look Hawaiian?

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• The 1887 constitution stripped King David
  Kalakaua of much of his authority
• It imposed significant income and property
  requirements for voting
• It completely disenfranchised all Asians from
  voting
• Asians are inferior right?

King David Kalakaua
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• King David Kalakaua died in 1891 and was
  succeeded by his sister Queen Liliuokalani
• She tried to regain control
• drafted a new constitution that restored the
  power of the monarchy

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• In response to Liliuokalani's suspected actions,
  a group of European and American residents formed
  a Committee of Safety on January 14, 1893.
• After a meeting of supporters, the Committee
  (only 13 members) committed itself to removing
  the Queen and annexation to the United States
• The Committee of Safety had claimed an "imminent
  threat to American lives and property

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• United States Government Minister John L. Stevens
  summoned a company of uniformed US Marines from
  the USS Boston and two companies of US sailors to
  land and take up positions at the US Legation,
  Consulate, and Arion Hall on the afternoon of
  January 16, 1893.

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• The Provisional Government of Hawaii was
  established to manage the Hawaiian islands
  between the overthrow and expected annexation

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Annexation

• the formal act of acquiring something (especially
  territory) by conquest or occupation

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Liliuokalani abdicated her throne. The Queen's
statement yielding authority, on January 17,
1893, also pleaded for justice

• I Liliuokalani, by the Grace of God and under the
  Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom, Queen, do
  hereby solemnly protest against any and all acts
  done against myself and the Constitutional
  Government of the Hawaiian Kingdom by certain
  persons claiming to have established a
  Provisional Government of and for this Kingdom.
• That I yield to the superior force of the United
  States of America whose Minister Plenipotentiary,
  His Excellency John L. Stevens, has caused United
  States troops to be landed at Honolulu and
  declared that he would support the Provisional
  Government.
• Now to avoid any collision of armed forces, and
  perhaps the loss of life, I do this under protest
  and impelled by said force yield my authority
  until such time as the Government of the United
  States shall, upon facts being presented to it,
  undo the action of its representatives and
  reinstate me in the authority which I claim as
  the Constitutional Sovereign of the Hawaiian
  Islands.

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• The Provisional Government stayed in place until
  annexation in 1898 by President McKinley
• Why wasnt Hawaii annexed by President Cleveland?

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Why did the U.S. build up its naval power?

• Need to be able to defend the new markets

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Great White Fleet

• In 1907, T. Roosevelt ordered a world tour of our
  Navy. Ships were painted white.
• The Great White Fleet was an attempt to show the
  rest of the world that we were a military power

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