Cynthia O

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Simple Machines

• Cynthia OConnor
• SOL 3.2
• Amelia Elementary School

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Simple Machines are tools that make work easier.

• They have few or no moving parts.
• They do not have motors.

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There are six simple machines

• Lever
• Incline plane
• Wedge
• Screw
• Pulley
• Wheel and axle
• gears

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Lever

• The lever is a stiff bar that rests on a support
  called a fulcrum.

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• There are 3 parts to a lever.
• Force
• Fulcrum
• Load
• The hand is applying force, this is called
  effort.

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How does the lever help us do work?

• The lever lifts or moves loads.
• Examples
• shovel, see saw, crowbar, hammer, and baseball
  bat

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Incline Plane

• A plane is a flat surface
• An incline plane is a slanted surface connecting
  a lower level to a higher level

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How does the incline plane help us do work?

• An incline plane makes it easier to move heavy
  objects up or down.
• Examples
• ramp, slide, and stairs

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Wedge

• The wedge is wide at one end and pointed at the
  other.
• If you look closely you will see that the wedge
  is 2 incline planes joined back to back.

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How does the wedge help us do work?

• The wedge cuts or spreads objects apart.
• Examples
• axe, zipper, knife, and saw

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Screw

• The screw is an incline plane wrapped around a
  cylinder or pole.

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How does the screw help us do work?

• The screw holds things together or lifts
• Examples
• Jar lid, screw, drill, and light bulb.

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Pulley

• The pulley is a grooved wheel that has a rope
  wrapped around it.

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How does the pulley help us do work?

• The pulley can be used to lift heavy objects by
  changing the direction or amount of the force.
• Examples
• Flagpole, curtain rod, and tow truck.

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Wheel and Axle

• The wheel and axle is a wheel with a rod called
  an axle through its center both parts move
  together.

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How does the wheel and axle help us do work?

• The wheel and axle makes it easier to move or
  turn things.
• Examples
• Bicycle wheels, roller skates, and a door knob

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Gears

• Gears are wheels with teeth.
• When the gears are place together they have to be
  fitted into the teeth.

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How do gears help us do work?

• Gears are used to slow things down or speed them
  up, to change directions
• Examples
• Back wheels of cars and motorcycles and clocks

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Put on your thinking caps.
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1.) What simple machine is the doorknob?

• A. incline plane
• B. wedge
• C. wheel and axle
• D. pulley

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2.) What simple machine are the stairs?

• A. incline plane
• B. wedge
• C. pulley
• D. screw

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3.) What simple machine is the jar lid?

• A. pulley
• B. lever
• C. wedge
• B. screw

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What simple machine is the baseball bat?

• A. incline plane
• B. lever
• C. pulley
• D. screw

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5.) What simple machine is the door jam?

• A. pulley
• B. wheel and axle
• C. wedge
• D. incline plane

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Compound Machines

• Compound Machines are two or more simple machines
  working together to make work easier.

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• Can you tell what are the simple machines that
  make up the compound machines?

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1.) What are the simple machines in the pencil
sharpener?

• A. lever and wedge
• B. pulley, wheel and axle
• C. wheel and axle, screw
• D. wedge and pulley

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2.) What are the simple machines in the bicycle?

• A. pulley, wheel and axle
• B. lever and wedge
• C. wheel and axle, lever
• D. screw and incline plane

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3.) What are the simple machines in the fan?

• A. incline plane and pulley
• B. wheel and axle, lever
• C. lever and wedge
• D. pulley and wheel and axle

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4.) What are the simple machines in the scissors?

• A. lever and wedge
• B. incline plane and lever
• C. pulley and wedge
• D. wheel and axle, wedge

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5.) What are the simple machines in the dolly?

• A. wedge and lever
• B. wheel and axle, lever
• C. incline plane and screw
• D. lever and pulley

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ANSWERS

• Simple Machine quiz
• 1. C doorknob -(wheel and axle)
• 2. A stairs -(incline plane)
• 3. B jar lid (screw)
• 4. B baseball bat (lever)
• 5. C door jam (wedge)

• Compound Machine Quiz
• 1. C pencil sharpener- (wheel and axle, screw)
• 2. C bicycle (wheel and axle, lever)
• 3. D fan (wheel and axle, pulley)
• 4. A scissors (lever and wedge)
• 5. B dolly (wheel and axle, lever)

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• This power point was created by Cynthia OConnor
  who reserves all rights thereto. Any commercial
  use of this work is prohibited without the
  express written consent of the author.