Brutus

1
Brutuss speechkey words

• Romans, countrymen, and lovers!
• Hear me for my cause and be silent, that you
  may hear
• believe me for mine honor, and have respect to
  mine honor, that you may believe
• censure me in your wisdom and awake your
  senses, that you may the better judge.

2
HearBelieveCensure

• Hear Listen to me so I can make my point (logos)
• Believe I am an honorable man (ethos)
• Censure Judge me accordingly (logos)

3

• If there be any in this assembly,
• any dear friend of Caesars,
• To him I say that Brutus love to Caesar was no
  less than his.
• If then that friend demand why Brutus rose
  against Caesar, this is my answer,---
• Not that I loved Caesar less,
• But that I loved Rome more.

4

• Had you rather Caesar were living, and die all
  slaves,
• than that Caesar were dead, to live all freemen?
• As Caesar loved me, I weep for him
• as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it
• as he was valiant, I honor him
• but, as he was ambitious, I slew him.
• There is tears for his love
• joy for his fortune
• honor for his valour
• and death for his ambition.

5
Parallelism A Logical Structure

• Brutus pairs Caesars accomplisments with his own
  reactions
• Caesar lovedI weep (pathos)
• was fortunate.I rejoice (ethos)
• was valiantI honor (ethos)
• Was ambitiousI slew (logos)

6
What does Brutus want?

• He wants the crowd to know that he loved Caesar
• Repeats this concept in almost every line
• Always pairs Caesars positive traits with his
  sympathetic reactions
• Pairs Caesars negative traits with his own
  righteous actionshis honor, in effect.

7
What else does Brutus want?

• He wants the crowd to understand that his love
  for Caesar was not as deep as his love for Rome
• He wants the crowd to understand that Caesars
  ambition made him dangerous therefore, the
  Conspirators had to kill him----for the good of
  Rome

8
Brutuss appeal

• Logos excellent (Not that I loved Caesar less,
  but that I loved Rome more)
• Ethos adequate (There is tears for his joy..)
• Pathos ???

9
Questions about Brutuss speech

1. Brutus opens his speech with Romans, countrymen,
   and lovers (ie friends). What does the order of
   these words say about the importance he places on
   each?
2. Consider Brutuss rhetorical questions (questions
   to which the answers are obvious). What sorts of
   things is he hoping the audience will decide are
   most important to them?

10
Antonys speech

• Friends, Romans, countrymen
• Lend me your ears.
• I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
• The evil that men do lives after them the good
  is oft interred with their bones.
• So let it be with Caesar.

11
Friends..RomansCountrymen

• Friends (pathos)appealing to emotion
• Romans (pathos)shaping appeal to audience
• Countrymen (ethos)common ground

12
Antonys continued

• The noble Brutus hath told you Caesar was
  ambitious.
• If it were so, it was a grievous fault.
• And grievously hath Caesar answered it.
• Here, under leave of Brutus and the restfor
  Brutus is an honorable man,
• So are they all, all honorable men
• Come I to speak in Caesars funeral.

13
Antonys speech

• Noble Brutus (ethos)demonstrating fairness,
  knowledge of crowds mood
• If it were so (logos)introduces possibility
  that Brutus is incorrect
• Under leave of Brutus and the rest (logos)cites
  authority (ethos)fair minded

14
Antonys speech

• He was my friend, faithful and just to me.
  (pathos)
• But Brutus says he was ambitious, (logos?)
• and Brutus is an honorable man (pathos).

15
What does Antony want?

• He wants the crowd to sympathize with him
  (pathos)
• He wants the crowd to believe that Brutus and the
  conspirators are not honorable men (pathos)
• He wants to stir the crowd to mutiny against the
  conspirators (pathos)

16
Antonys appeal.

• Logos adequate (If it were so) (I thrice
  presented him a kingly crown which he did thrice
  refuse)
• Ethos excellent (Many examples)
• Pathos excellent (Many examples)