Guidelines

1
Current Situation Influenza A (H1N1)17 May
09
2
Threat of Pandemic Influenza
Animal Influenza

• Circulating in wild birds, poultry and pigs

• Infects humans in rare instances - resulting from
  close exposure to pigs

• If virus evolves into a human virus it could
  cause a human influenza pandemic

3
Pandemic requirements

• Global outbreak of disease
• Appearance of flu virus A with pandemic potential
• It causes sustained human-to-human transmission
• Population has no or limited immunity

4
Broad Risks of a Pandemic

• Food and income loss from poultry deaths/ culling
  decreased economic activity

Livelihoods

• High illness potentially higher death rates
• Overstretched health facilities
• Disproportionate impact on vulnerable

Human Health

• Increased demand for governance security
• Higher public anxiety
• Reduced capacity due to illness death

Governance Security

• Deterioration of coping support mechanisms
• Interruption in public services
• Quarantine policies

Social Humanitarian Needs

• Trade commerce disruptions
• Degraded labour force
• Interruption of regular supply systems

Economic Systems
5
Pandemic Phases
6
Phase 5

• Phase 5 is characterized by the same identified
  virus causing sustained community level outbreaks
  in at least 2 countries in 1 WHO region.
• Most countries won't be affected at this stage
• Declaration of Phase 5 signals a pandemic could
  be imminent
• Time to finalize organization, communication,
  implementation of planned mitigation measures is
  short.

7
Phase 6

• Phase 6 is characterized by community level
  outbreaks of the same virus in at least 1 other
  country in a different WHO region.
• Designation of this phase would indicate that a
  global pandemic is under way.

8
Time line current situation (1)

• Friday 24 April
• Reports of previously undetected Influenza A
  (H1N1) virus in USA and Mexico
• HQ SHOC activated
• Sunday 26 April
• IHR Emergency Committee convened
• WHO Director-General declares a Public Health
  Emergency of International Concern

9
Time line current situation (2)

• Monday 27 April
• - WHO increases pandemic alert phase from 3 to 4
• - Geographic Containment not feasible
• Wednesday 29 April
• - WHO raises pandemic alert phase from 4 to 5
• Tuesday 5 May
• - WHO starts sending antiviral stocks to 72
  countries and Regional Offices

10
Current Epidemiology as of 0800 GMT 17/05/09
Laboratory confirmed cases Total global cases
8480 cases/72 deaths
NZ 9 cases Norway 2 cases Panama 54
cases Poland 1 case Portugal 1 case Republic of
Korea 3 cases Spain 103 cases Sweden 3
cases Switzerland 1 case Thailand 2 cases UK
82 cases
Denmark 1 case El Salvador 4 cases Finland 2
cases France 14 cases Germany 14
cases Guatemala 3 cases Ireland 1 case Israel
7 cases Italy 9 cases Japan 7
cases Netherlands 3 cases
Mexico 2895 cases 66 deaths US 4714 cases, 4
deaths Argentina 1 case Australia 1
case Austria 1 case Brazil 8 cases Canada 496
cases, I death China 5 cases Colombia11
cases Costa Rica 9 cases, 1 death Cuba 3 case
11
New human lab confirmed influenza A (H1N1) cases
as of 0800 GMT 17/05/09

12
WHO Response (1)

• Emergency response rooms