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??????????????????????? (Government Procurement)

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Title: ??????????????????????? (Government Procurement)


1
??????????????????????? (Government Procurement)
??. ???????? ???????????? ?????????????????
7 ???????????????????????? ????????????????????
2
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????
    ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???????????
    ???????????????? ????????? ???
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????? 10-15 ??? GDP
    ??????????????? 20 ??????????????????

3
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?
  • ??????????????? ????????????????????????????????
    ?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????
  • ???????????????? ???????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????

4
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????
  • ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????
    ??????????????????? (Government Procurement
    Agreement)
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????? (Model Law on Procurement of
    Goods, Construction and Services
  • ????????? (a) APEC Non-Binding Principles on
    Government Procurement relating to transparency,
    value for money, open and effective competition,
    fair dealing, accountability and due process, and
    non-discrimination and (b) the APEC Transparency
    Standard for Government Procurement

5
?????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????? ???. ??????????????????????????
    ????? ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????
  • 1. ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???? JTEPA
  • 2. ???????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????
    ???? ?????????????????????
  • ???-?????????? (TAFTA) ??? ???.
    ????????????????-??????????
  • (TNZFTA)
  • 3. ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????
  • ???. ???????????????? ???? ??????
    (????????? ???. ?????????
  • ???????????????????)

6
??????????? ???. TAFTA ??? TNZFTA
  • TAFTA ????? ???. TAFTA ????????????? (?? 2005)
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????? ????
  • TNZFTA ????? ???. TNZFTA ????????????? (??
    2005) ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????

7
??????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????? ??????? ???????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????? ????????????????????????????

8
  • 2. ?????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????? ??????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????

9
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????? (SMEs)
    ???????

10
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?? (procuring entity) ????????????????????????????
    ??? ?????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????? (?????)
    ?????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????

11
  • ??????????

12
  • 1. ??????????? ???????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????? ????
  • - ?????????????????????????????????????-??????
    ? (?????)
  • - ?????????
  • - ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????
  • - ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ? (United Nations
  • Conference on Trade and Development)
  • ??????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????

13
  • 2. ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????
  • 3. ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?
  • 4. ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????
  • ??????????

14
???????????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    (unconditional National Treatment)
    ????????????????? (Market Access)
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????? ??????? ???????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????? (Agreement
    on Government Procurement GPA)
    ????????????????????????????? (World Trade
    Organization WTO) ??????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????? ????
    ?????????? 5 ????4 ????????????

15
  • A developing country may negotiate with other
    participants in negotiations under this Agreement
    mutually acceptable exclusions from the rules on
    national treatment with respect to certain
    entities, products or services that are included
    in its coverage lists, having regard to the
    particular circumstances of each case.

16
  • ?????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????? ??????????? ??????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????? ???? ???????????????? ??
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????? ???????
  • ????????????????????????????????? (offsets)
    ????????????????????????? GPA (??? XVI2)
    ?????????????
  • , a developing country may at the time of
    accession negotiate conditions for the use
    offsets, such as requirements for the
    incorporation of domestic content

17
  • ??????????? GPA ??? XVI2 ???????????????????????
    ???????
  • ??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????
  • - ????????????????? (domestic content)
  • - ??????????????? (licensing of technology)
  • - ????????????????(investment requirement)
  • - ????????????????(counter-trade)
  • - ???????????????? ????????????? (similar
    requirements)

18
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????? ??? ?????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????

19
  • ??????

20
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????? ????????????????????????????????????
    GPA ??????? ??????
  • - ??????????????????
  • - ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????
  • ???? WTO

21
  • - ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????
  • ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????
    ?????????????
  • ???????????????????
  • - ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????
  • ?????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????
    ????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????
  • ??????????? ??????? ??????????????

22
??????
23
????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????
?????? ??????????? ??.?.(??????????????????????)
???? ? M.Sc. (University of Southampton,
England) ????????????????????????????????????????
?????????? ??????????????????????????-???? ???????
??????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????
???????????????????????????
24
FTA ??????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????? ???????
    ???-?????????? ??? ???-??????????
  • ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????????????????????????
    ????????????????? ????????????
  • JTEPA ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????
  • ??????? ???-????? ????????????????????????????????
    ?? 5 ???? 10 ?? ????????????

25
????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????
  • ??????????? ????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ? ? ?

26
Why is liberalizing government procurement
important for Thailand?(?????????????????????????
)
  • Good governance
  • Good government
  • mitigate corruption
  • Ensure tax money spent most efficiently

27
Corruption, an organized crime of the globalized
world
  • Corruption poses serious threat to the
    development of a country and its people.
  • Corruption causes reduced investment,
  • Corruption causes lack of respect for the rule of
    law and human rights,
  • Corruption leads to undemocratic practices
  • Corruption lead to diversion of funds intended
    for development and essential services, affects
    government's ability to provide basic services to
    its citizens
  • Corruption has the greatest impact on the most
    vulnerable part of a country's population, the
    poor.

28
Corruption Perception Index(CPI)
  • Rank Country Index
  • 2007 2007
  • 1 Finland 9.4
  • 17 Japan 7.5
  • 20 U.S.A. 7.2
  • 4 Singapore 9.3
  • 43 Malaysia 5.1
  • 84 Thailand 3.3
  • 131 Philippines 2.5
  • 143 Indonesia 2.3

29
Per Capita Income 2007
  • USA USD45,845.00
  • Japan USD34,312.00
  • Singapore USD35,163.00
  • South Korea USD18,392.00
  • Malaysia USD6,948.00
  • Thailand USD3,737.00
  • Indonesia USD1,925.00
  • Philippines USD1,625.00
  • Vietnam USD818.00
  • Laos USD656.00
  • Cambodia USD600.00
  • Myanmar USD235.00

30
??? ????????????? 6.3.2551 ?????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????? ??????? ???????????? ???
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????? ????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????? ???? ??????? ?????????
    ???????? ????????????? ???????? ?
    ???????????????????????? (????????????????????????
    ???????????????????)

31
??????????????????
  • Suvarnabhumi Airport,, 4.62 billion US dollars,
    563,000 square meters, 45 million passengers
  • Beijing airport, terminal 3, 3.8 billlion US
    dollars, 986,000 square meters, 76 million
    passengers a year
  • Hong Kong Check Lap Kok airport, 2.56 billion US
    dollars,570,000 square meters, 45 million
    passengers
  • Shanghai airport, 2 billion dollars, 40 million
    passengers
  • Singapore airport, 2.1 billion US dollars, 1.045
    million square meters, 77 million passengers a
    year

32
???????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????? ????????? ????????????? ?
    ???????????????????????????
  • ???????????? ?????????
  • ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????? ???????????????????
  • ?????????
  • ??????? ??????????????????? ??????????
    ????????????????????

33
Government Procurement in FTA countries
  • USA USD420 billion (14.0 ???????????)
  • Australia AUD17 billion (510,000 ???????)
  • Korea Won61 trillion (2.1 ???????????)
  • Japan 4.76 trillion yen (1.4 ???????????)
  • EU 1,500 billion euro (75 ???????????)

34
WTO plurilateral agreement on Government
Procurement
  • Parties to the agreement (committee members)
  • Canada, European Communities (including its 27
    member States Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
    Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
    Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
    Lithuania, Luxemburg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland,
    Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain,
    Sweden, United Kingdom), Hong Kong China,
    Iceland, Israel, Japan, Korea, Liechtenstein,
    Netherlands with respect to Aruba, Norway,
    Singapore, Switzerland, United States, Bulgaria
  • Negotiating accession
  • Albania, Georgia, Jordan, Kyrgyz Republic,
    Moldova, Oman, Panama, Chinese Taipei

35
???????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?? ???????????????????????????????????????

36
Transparency
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????? ??????????????????????????????
    ??????? ?????????????? ???????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????? ????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    (PQ) ???????????????????? ????????????????????????
    ??????????????

37
Transparency
  • ???????????? ? ???????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?
    ????????? ???????????????????????????????????????
    ???????? ???????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????

38
Accountability Due Process
  • Accountability ??? ????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????
    ???????? ????????????????????? (due process)
    ??????????????????????????
  • ???????? ????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????
    ?????????????????????????????? ??????? ???
    ???????????????

39
Value for Money
  • ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
    ??????? ???????? ????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???? ?????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????? (operating
    cost) ?????????????? benefit/cost ?????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????

40
Open Effective Competition
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????? ?????????? ???????????????????????????????
    ????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????
  • ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????? ???? ???????
    ??????? ???????? ????????????? ???????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????? ????????????????
    ????????????? ? ?????????????? ???????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????? (fair
    dealing)
  • ???????? PQ ??????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????? (non-discrimination
    )

41
Debriefing
  • ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????? ????????????????????
    ??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?
    ??
  • ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
    ???? ?????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????

42
?????????????????????????????????????
  • Transparency
  • Value for Money
  • Open and Effective Competition
  • Debriefing
  • Accountability
  • Due Process

43
  • ??????????
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