Zoonoses

1
Zoonoses

• Hannah Corbett
• Jenna Deal

2
Essential Question

• How can you prevent zoonotic diseases?

3
Should be able to know

• Describe how to prevent any type of zoonotic
  disease
• Understand and define a zoonotic disease
• List and describe several zoonotic diseases
• How does knowing about zoonotic diseases help in
  vet tech?
• How can these diseases affect humans?

4
Warm-up

• Pair Share
• What do you already know about zoonotic diseases?

5
Vocab

• Zoonotic Disease bacteria that can be passed
  from animals to humans

6
Vocab

• Rabies viral disease that infects the central
  nervous system
• Visceral larva migrans condition in humans in
  which roundworm larvae migrate through the body,
  causing damage to internal organs
• Cutaneous larva migrans disease condition
  resulting from the infestation of hookworm larvae
  into the body
• Taxoplasmosis protozoal parasitic disease in
  which cats serve as the primary host of concern
  to humans, especially pregnant women and people
  with compromised immune systems
• Cat scratch fever bacterial disease resulting
  from a cat scratch, which causes a soreness at
  the inflicted site, fever, and enlarged lymph
  nodes.

7
Vocab

• Ringworm fungal infection of the skin
• RNA viruses group of viruses that cause
  inflammation in the brain
• Q fever disease condition caused by Coxiella
  burnetii which causes abortions in sheep and
  goats and a sudden onset of flu-like symptoms in
  humans
• Pasteurization process used to sterilize milk by
  heating it to a high temperature for a short time
• Anthrax bacterial infection with skin,
  intestinal, and respiratory forms

8
Vocab

• Mad Cow Disease transmissible spongiform
  encephalopathy disease condition in cattle that
  causes the degeneration of the brain to a
  sponge-like appearance
• Scrapie transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
  disease condition in sheep and goats that causes
  the degeneration of the brain to a sponge-like
  appearance
• West Nile Virus viral disease causing flu-like
  symptoms in humans (mosquitoes often act as a
  vector)
• Brucellosis a bacterial disease that causes
  abortions in cattle and flu-like symptoms in
  humans (human presentation is called undulant
  fever)
• Tuberculosis bacterial disease that affects the
  lungs and respiratory system

9
Viral diseases

• Rabies
• Also referred to as hydrophobia
• Infects CNS
• Signs restlessness, change in behavior, easily
  agitated, aggressive, snapping/biting at
  inanimate objects, frothing at the mouth
• West Nile Fever
• Spread through mosquitoes
• Signs flu-like symptoms in humans, inflammation
  in CNS, paralysis, weakness
• May be fatal

10
Prevention

• Vaccines

11
Larva Migrans

• Visceral
• Children are at higher risk when they place
  things in their mouth
• Toxocara canis is the common cause
• Signs Fever, coughing, wheezing, abdominal pain
• Damage to internal organs
• Cutaneous
• Similar to roundworms
• Develop in intestinal tract
• Signs in humans, raised, red, itchy bumps

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Prevention

• Visceral Cutaneous
• Vaccines
• Cleanliness
• Routinely pick up feces examine dogs

13
Bacterial Diseases

• Anthrax
• Caused by spore forming bacteria called Bacillus
  anthracis
• Signs sudden death, fever, anorexia, bloody
  urine, diarrhea
• Most common form in animalsintestinal form
• Brucellosis
• Causes abortion in cattle
• Humans infected through contact w/ infected fetus
• Signs severe flu, irregular fevers
• Tuberculosis
• Causes a debilitating respiratory infection in
  humans
• Signs fever, weight loss, coughing, chest pain
• Difficult to treat

14
Prevention

• Pasteurization
• Cleanliness
• Immunizations
• Vaccines

15
Diseases that start with a cat

• Toxoplasmosis
• Parasite in animals that is a concern to humans
• Cats definitive host
• Infected cats pass oocysts (eggs) through their
  feces
• Cat Scratch fever
• Caused by Bartonella henselae
• Signs in humans lack of appetite, muscle pain,
  nausea, swelling of lymph nodes, swelling of
  infection site, red small round bump at the site
  of the scratch/bite
• Signs in cats history of flea/ticks, no clinical
  symptoms can be seen, fever/swollen glands,
  lethargy, lack of appetite

16
Prevention

• Keep home clean
• Prevents fleas and ticks
• Keep cats nails trimmed
• Avoid playing roughly with cats
• Keep tests (immune) up to date

17
Occurs in Cattle, Sheep, and/or Goats

• Q Fever
• Caused by Coxiella burnetii
• Transmission happens when humans inhale aerosols
  from contaminated soil/waste
• Signs fatigue, chills, arthralgia, night sweats,
  heart failure
• Mad Cow Disease
• Affects central nervous system in cattle
• Caused by the formation of prions, abnormally
  shaped proteins
• Humans can catch the disease from eating tissues
  from the cattle with the disease
• Scrapie
• Caused by the formation of prions
• Affects the central nervous system

18
Prevention

• Practice cleanliness
• Wash hands after handling animals and animal
  waste
• Cook meat thoroughly
• Keep records
• Isolate goats/sheep from those who are infected