Aetiological classification of zoonoses in NZ

1
Aetiological classification of zoonoses in NZ

• Mycotic
• Ringworm
• Viral
• Orf
• Milkers nodule
• Chlamydial
• Psittacosis
• Bacterial
• Erysipeloid
• Leptospirosis

• Bovine tuberculosis
• Yersiniosis
• Rat bite fever
• Cat scratch disease
• Animal bites and scratches

2
Parasitic zoonoses

• Fleas, mites
• Hydatids (Eradicated!)
• Visceral larval migrans
• Cutaneous larval migrans
• Trichinella

• Fasciola
• Swimmers itch
• Protozoal
• Toxoplasma
• Cryptosporidia
• Giardia (?)

3
Clinical classification of mycotic diseases of
humans(about 5000 laboratory identifications per
year)

• Tinea capitis (Microsporum canis)
• Tinea corporis (Epidermophyton floccosum et al)
• Tinea cruris (Epidermophyton floccosum et al)

• Tinea pedis
• (Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes var
  interdigitale)

4
Aetiological classification of mycotic diseases
in humans in NZ

• Trichophyton rubrum, about 50
• Microsporum canis, about 17
• T. mentagrophytes var interdigitalis, about 16

• Epidermophyton floccosum, about 11
• Others(T. verrucosum, M. gypseum, T.
  mentagrophytes var erinacei), about 6

5
Source of mycotic infections of humans in NZ

• Geophilic
• M. gypseum, about 1
• Zoophilic
• M. canis, about 20
• Anthrophilic
• T. rubrum, about 75-80

6
Animal sources of zoonotic fungi

• Dogs and cats
• M. canis, M. distortum
• Cattle
• T. verrucosum
• Pigs
• M. nanum
• Horses
• T. equinum
• Hedgehogs
• T. erinacei
• Rodents including lab animals
• T. mentagrophytes

7
Veterinary response to ringworm

• Owner education on aetiology, transmission,
  treatment and prognosis
• Treat animal (topical, systemic)
• Test other animals in household (Woods lamp,
  microscopy, culture)
• Hygiene during treatment to prevent spread
• Environmental hygiene

8
Zoonosis or environmental fungus?

• Case history is it a zoonosis?
• Dog imported from USA (Arizona) to Sydney
• Respiratory disease lesions in skin
• Coccidioides immitis (diphasic fungus) cultured
  in lab.
• What is risk to owner?
• What should be done with dog now?
• How should dog be disposed of when it dies?