Themegallery PowerTemplate

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The relationship between Daily intake of
ß-carotene and lycopene, metabolic syndrome and
acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
ß-Carotene
Lycopene
Date2012/12/28 ?????? ??????????
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Lycopene Health Conditions
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powerful antioxidant actions
suppress the growth of tumors
prevention of heart disease
Age-related macular degeneration
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Lycopene
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4631µg per cup
45902µg per 100g
7298µg per cup
159µg per 100g
Raw tomato
Cooked tomato
Sun-dried Tomato
Persimmon
Guava
Grapefruit
Watermelon
Red Cabbage
1419µg per 100 g
4532µg per 100g
5204µg per 100g
20µg per 100g
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ß-Carotene Health Conditions
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Preventing Vitamin A Deficiency
Immune-Enhancing Activity
Antioxidant -Enhancing Activity
Promoting Proper Cell Communication
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ß-Carotene
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9444µg per 100g
8285µg 100 g
4570µg 100 g
Pumpkin
Sweet potato
Spinach
Carrot
Apricots
Kale
Cantaloupe
Mango
9226µg 100 g
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Daily intake of fruit and vegetable soups
processed in different ways increases human
serum ß-carotene and lycopene concentrations and
reduces levels of several oxidative stress
markers in healthy subjects
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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INTRODUCTION
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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INTRODUCTION
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• 2 differently processed fruit and vegetable soups
  
• the bioavailability of ß-carotene and lycopene
• the biological markers of oxidative stress
• cardiovascular risk

R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS
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35 men 34 women Age 30 10 years old
300mL/d Rough, small hard particles
300mL/d Smooth,glossy
4 Weeks
ß-carotene lycopene
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS
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Table 1 ß-Carotene, lycopene and folate
concentrations of test soups.
Values are means SEM.
Listed foods tomato and derivatives, carrot,
broccoli, Swiss chard, spinach, watermelon,
medlar, orange, tangerine, apricot, yellow plum,
and other foods, such as liver, paté and
fortified cereals.
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS
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Table 2 Anthropometric and dietary
characteristics of the participants before the
intervention period.
Values are means SEM. BMI, body mass index W,
waist H, hip E, energy CHO, carbohydrate. n
(reference) 17 M 17 F n (optimised) 18 M
17 F. a Significantly different from those
of the reference group (Students unpaired
t-test, p lt 0.05).
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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RESULTS
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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RESULTS
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Table 3 Serum biochemical and folate
concentration before (wk 0) and after 4 weeks (wk
4) of soup intake.
Values are means SEM. Gluc, glucose TG,
triglycerides Total-C, total-cholesterol HDL,
high density lipoprotein LDL, low density
lipoprotein tHcy, homocysteine. n (reference)
17 M 17 F n (optimised) 18 M 17 F. a
Significantly different from those at wk 0
(Students paired t test, P lt 0.05). b Mean
values at wk 0 were significantly different
between reference and optimised group (Students
unpaired t test, P lt 0.05).
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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RESULTS
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Table 4 Serum markers of oxidative status before
(wk 0) and after 4 weeks (wk 4) of soup intake.
Values are means SEM. LDL, low density
lipoprotein Cr, creatinine TBARS,
thiobarbituric acid reactive substances 8-OHdG,
8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine Eq As, equivalents
ascorbic TAC, total antioxidant capacity GPx,
glutathione peroxidase GR, glutathione
reductase SOD, superoxide dismutase. n
(reference) 17 M 17 F n (optimised) 18 M
17 F. a Significantly different from those at wk
0 (Students paired t-test, p lt 0.05). b
Significantly different from those of the
reference group (Univariate general lineal model
with the value of the selected parameter at wk 0
as covariable, p lt 0.05). c Mean values at wk 0
were significantly different between reference
and optimised group (Students unpaired t-test, p
lt 0.05).
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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RESULTS
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Fig. 1. Carotenoid serum concentrations before
(wk 0) and after 4 weeks (wk 4) of reference
(Ref) or optimised (Opt) soup intake. Values are
means SEM, n 34 for reference soup group, n
35 for optimised soup group. /Represents
statistically significant differences between wk
0 and wk 4, p 6 0.001 (Students paired
t-test). l Represents statistically significant
differences in change of serum carotenoid
concentrations between optimised and reference
group, p 6 0.001 (univariate general lineal model
with the value of the corresponding carotenoid at
wk 0 as covariable).
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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CONCLUSION
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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CONCLUSION
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PLASMA
ß-carotene
lycopene
Total-CHDL
HDLLDL
tHcy(µM)
Oxidised LDL(U/L)
8-OHdG(µmoL/L)
GPx(U/g Hb)
SOD(U/g Hb)
R. Martlnez-tomás et al. Food Chem.
2012134127-33.
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Dietary Carotenoid Intake Is Associated with
Lower Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in
Middle-Aged and Elderly Men
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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INTRODUCTION
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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INTRODUCTION
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• The association between carotenoids and metabolic
  syndrome

Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS
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• male population aged 4080 y
• 374 participants
• FFQ
• (178 food items during the past year)

Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS
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Metabolic syndrome National Cholesterol Education
Program 3 or more are met fasting serum
glucose 6.1 mmol/L, Serum HDL-cholesterol lt
1.0 mmol/L, serum triglyceride concentrations
1.7mmol/L, waist circumference gt 102 cm, blood
pressure 130/85 mmHg, or use of hypertensive
medication.
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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RESULTS
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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TABLE 1 Dietary intake and other characteristics
of middle-aged and elderly male participants
according to quartiles of total dietary
carotenoid intake1
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1 Values are mean SD or n (percentage), n
374. 2 All nutrient intakes were adjusted for
energy intake. 3 Variables in serum were measured
in blood samples taken from fasting
participants. 4 Bachelor or Master of Science
degree. 5 According to definition National
Cholesterol Education Program (25).
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
RESULTS
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TABLE 3 Multivariate associations between
quartiles of dietary carotenoid intake and
metabolic syndrome risk factors in middle-aged
and elderly men1
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1 Values are b (95 CI) from linear regression
models adjusted for age, education level,
smoking, physical activity, BMI (except for waist
circumference, visceral and subcutaneous fat,
BMI), energy-adjusted intakes of vitamin C,
fiber, and alcohol, n 374. Asterisks
indicate different from quartile 1 P 0.05,
P 0.01. 2 P-value for linear trend over
quartiles of intake. 3 Ref., reference group. 4
Variables were log-transformed before the
analyses. 5 Variables in serum were measured in
blood samples taken from fasting participants.
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
RESULTS
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CONCLUSION
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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CONCLUSION
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Waist cicumference Visceral fat Subcutaneous fat BMI Serum triglycerides
Metabolic Syndrome
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009139987-92.
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Low serum lycopene and ß-carotene increase risk
of acute myocardial infarction in men
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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INTRODUCTION
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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INTRODUCTION
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The aim of this study was to find out whether
serum carotenoids may protect against AMI.
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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METHODS
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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METHODS
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• 11.5 follow-up years
• 1038 Middle-aged men
• (844 men without AMI, 194 men with AMI)
• Eastern Finland
• Blood Biochemical analysis
• Serum carotenoids concentration

Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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RESULTS
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study
population with and without AMI (n 1031 men)
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Bold values are statistically significant. a
Continuous variables are presented as mean
(standard deviations). b P for differences
between those with and without AMI for continuous
variables (the independent-samples t-test). c
Dichotomous variables are presented as
percentage. d P-value for categorical variables
(chi-squared test).
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
RESULTS
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Table 2 Relative risks and 95 confidence
intervals of acute myocardial infarction by
tertiles of serum concentrations of carotenoids
and fat-soluble vitamins
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a Tertiles of carotenoids and fat-soluble
vitamins (mmol/l) lycopene lt0.08, 0.080.19,
gt0.19 a-Carotene lt0.06, 0.060.11, gt0.11
b-Carotene lt0.25, 0.250.40, gt0.40 Retinol
lt1.88, 1.88 2.25, gt2.25 a-Tocopherol lt24.6,
24.630.3, gt30.3. b Adjusted for age and
examination year. c Adjusted for age,
examination year, BMI, SBP, smoking, alcohol
intake, serum LDL cholesterol, years of
education, physical activity, symptomatic CHD or
CHD history, diabetes, antihypertensive
medication, drug for high cholesterol and
any ß-adrenergic blocking agent.
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
RESULTS
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CONCLUSION
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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CONCLUSION
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Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health.
2011 1-5
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SUMMARY
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SUMMARY
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Daily intake of fruit and vegetable soups
processed in different ways increases human serum
ß-carotene and lycopene concentrations and
reduces levels of several oxidative stress
markers in healthy subjects
IMPROVE? PREVENTION?
Dietary Carotenoid Intake Is Associated with
Lower Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in
Middle-Aged and Elderly Men
Low serum lycopene and ß-carotene increase risk
of acute myocardial infarction in men
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Thank You !