Module 1 : EIGRP

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Module 1 EIGRP Part1
By Sang Gon Lee
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EIGRP ??

• Enhanced(???)Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
• IGRP ???? ?? ??? ?.
• Cisco ??, released in 1994
• ??? ?? classless of IGRP? ??,??? convergence
  algorithm, DUAL (Diffusing Update Algorithm)?
  ????
• IGRP? IOS releases 12.2(13)T and 12.2(R1s4)S in
  2005 ?? ?? ??
• EIGRP advanced distance-vector routing
  protocol.
• ?? link-state protocols ??. (sometimes called
  a hybrid routing protocol).

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EIGRP ??? ??
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EIGRP ??

• ??? ??. - ????? ????? ??
• VLSM(Variable Length Subnet Mask) ??
• ??? ??? ??
• ? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??
• ?? ???? - ?? ??? ???
• ??? ???? ???? ?? - Appletalk, IPX
• protocol-dependent modules

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?? ?? ??
6
????-?? ?? ??
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EIGRP ?? ?? ? ??
?? ???? ? ??? ?? ?? - ?? ? ?? ???
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DUAL ????
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EIGRP ????? ??
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EIGRP Tables
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EIGRP ?? Table

• Neighbor address ?? ??? ??????.
• Queue count ???? ?? ?, ?? ?? ????.
• Smooth Round Trip Timer (SRTT) ???? ??? ?????
  ??? ????
• Hold Time Hello? ?? ?? ???? ??.

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EIGRP Topology Table
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Topology Table

• Question EIGRP? topology table? ??? ???? ????
  ??? ?????? ? ? ????
• Answer
• ???. ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? LSA?
  ??? ???.
• EIGRP topology ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???
  ???? ??.
• ??, EIGRP? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???.
  ?? DUAL? ????.
• Alex Zinin, Cisco IP Routing

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IP Routing Table

• EIGRP chooses the best (that is, successor)
  routes to a destination from the topology table
  and places these routes in the routing table.
• Each EIGRP router maintains a topology table for
  each network protocol.
• EIGRP displays both internal EIGRP routes and
  external EIGRP routes.

RouterBshow ip route Codes C - connected, S -
static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B BGP D
- EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF
inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 -
OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 -
IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, - candidate
default U - per-user static route Gateway of last
resort is not set C 10.1.1.0 is directly
connected, Serial0 D 172.16.0.0 90/2681856
via 10.1.1.0, Serial0 D EX 192.168.1.0
170/2681856 via 10.1.1.1, 000004, Serial0
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EIGRP Hello Time Hold Time
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EIGRP Packet Exchange Example
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EIGRP Metric Calculation
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EIGRP Metric Calculation Example

• Bandwidth (10,000,000 / 256) 256
  10,000,000
• Delay 2000 2000 2000 2000 256
  2,048,000
• Metric bandwidth delay 10,000,000
  2,048,000 12,048,000

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Displaying Interface Values
Routergt show interface s0/0 Serial0/0 is up, line
protocol is up Hardware is QUICC Serial
Description Out to VERIO Internet address is
207.21.113.186/30 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit,
DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 246/255
Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set Keepalive
set (10 sec) ltoutput omittedgt
Bandwidth
Delay
Reliability
Load

• Routing Table Metric
• Default Slowest of bandwidth plus the sum of the
  delays of all outgoing interfaces from this
  router to the destination network.

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The Routing Table
How does SanJose2 calculate the cost for this
route?
Administrative Distance / Metric
SanJose2show ip route D 192.168.72.0/24
90/2172416 via 192.168.64.6,
002826, Serial0
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Displaying Interface Values
Westasmangt show interface fa0/0 Ethernet0 is up,
line protocol is up Hardware is Lance, address
is 0010.7b3a.cf84 (bia 0010.7b3a.cf84) MTU 1500
bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, rely
255/255, load 1/255 ltoutput omittedgt SanJose2gt
show interface s0/0 Serial0/0 is up, line
protocol is up Hardware is QUICC Serial
Description Out to Westasman Internet address
is 192.168.64.5/30 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544
Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load
246/255 ltoutput omittedgt
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Determining the costs
What is the cost (metric) for 192.168.72.0/24
from SanJose2?
Delay 2,560
Cost Slowest bandwidth sum of delays
Fa0/0 192.168.72.1/24
Bandwidth 25,600
1,657,856512,000 2,560 --------------2,172,
416
Westasman
S0/0 192.168.64.2/30
S0/1 192.168.64.6/30
Delay 512,000
The cost!
S0/0 192.168.64.1/30
S0/0 192.168.64.5/30
Fa0/0 192.168.1.2/24
Bandwidth 1,657,856
SanJose1
SanJose2
Slowest!
Fa0/0 192.168.1.1/24
bandwidth (10,000,000/bandwidth kbps)
256 delay (delay/10) 256
EIGRP AS 100
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VLSM(Variable Length Subnet Mask)
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Configuring EIGRP for IP networks

• Router(config)router eigrp autonomous-system-numb
  er
• autonomous-system-number ? ?????? ???? ??? ??
  ??
• Router(config-router)network network-number
• The network command ??? ????
• Router(config-router)eigrp log-neighbor-changes
• ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??
• Router(config-if)bandwidth kilobits
• ??? ??? ?? ? ??. ???? T1 ???? ??.

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Configuring Basic EIGRP Example
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Configuring Basic EIGRP Example

• ??? ??? AS? ???? ?? AS? ???? ??? ????. ??? ???
  ???? ?????? ?? AS? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????.

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Configure Basic Propagation of Default Route
?? in the routing table candidate default
network
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Static Default Routes

• ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0/0
• ? EIGRP??? 0.0.0.0 ? ??? ????. RIP?? ???.

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Verifying EIGRP Example

• R1??? 172.16.0.0?, R2??? 172.17.0.0? ????.
• ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??.

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The show ip eigrp neighbors Command

• display the EIGRP IP neighbor table

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The show ip route eigrp Command

• IP routing table?? EIGRP ??? ??.
• ?? ?? ??(internal), external(??), ??(summary)
• D ?? EIGRP, D EX ?? EIGRP.

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The show ip protocols Command

• ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? routing protocols? ?? ??? ??.

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The show ip eigrp interfaces Command

• EIGRP? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??

• Peers Number of directly connected EIGRP
  neighbors.
• Pacing Time Un/Reliable Pacing time used to
  determine when EIGRP packets should be
  sent out the interface (unreliable and
  reliable packets).
• Multicast Flow Timer Maximum number of seconds
  in which the router sends multicast
  EIGRP packets.
• Pending Routes Number of routes in the packets
  in the transmit queue waiting to be
  sent.

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The show ip eigrp topology Command

• P (Passive) Network is available
• A (Active) Network is currently unavailable
• U (Update) Network is being updated.
• Q (Query) sent a query packet to a neighbor
  router.
• R (Reply status) generating a reply for this
  network.
• S (Stuck-in-active status) EIGRP convergence
  problem

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The show ip eigrp traffic Command

• display the number of various EIGRP packets sent
  and received

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Implementing Advanced EIGRP Features
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Summarizing EIGRP Routes no auto-summary

• classful ???? EIGRP? ????? ???? ??
• classful ?? ???? ???? ????? ??.

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Summarizing EIGRP Routes no auto-summary

• ?? ????? ??? ?????, ?? ??? disable ??? ??.
• Router(config-router)no auto-summary

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Summarizing EIGRP Routes Interface Summarization
- ??

• Router(config-if)ip summary-address eigrp
  autonomous-system-number ip-address mask
  administrative-distance
• RTC(config)router eigrp 2446
• RTC(config-router)no auto-summary
• RTC(config-router)exit
• RTC(config)interface serial0/0
• RTC(config-if)ip summary-address eigrp 2446
  2.1.0.0 255.255.0.0

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Summarizing EIGRP Routes Interface Summarization

• RTCs Routing Table
• D 2.1.0.0/16 is a summary, 000022, Null0
• Notice that the summary route is sourced from
  Null0, and not an actual interface.
• On RTC, this route has an administrative distance
  of 5.
• RTD assigns the route the administrative distance
  of a "normal" EIGRP route, which is 90, by default

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Configuring Manual Route Summarization Example
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Load Balancing Across Equal Cost Paths

• maximum-paths maximum-path command

Load Balancing Across Unequal Cost Paths
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Load Balancing Across Unequal Cost Paths Example

• Minimum D(FD) lt DISTANCE lt FDvariance ?? ????
  ??

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EIGRP Bandwidth Use Across WAN Links
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Bandwidth Utilization over WAN Interfaces
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Configuring EIGRP in a Frame Relay Hub-and-Spoke
Topology 

• In a point-to-point topology, ?? ????? ????
  ????. ??? ? (??) ?????? 25kpbs(1/10) ???? ??
  ???.
• 110 BW 25x110 27.5kbps

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Configuring EIGRP in a Hybrid Multipoint Topology
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