Introduction to EIGRP

1
Introduction to EIGRP
Colorado Cisco User Groups 13-14 December 2006

• Scott Hogg, CCIE 5133, CISSP
• Director of Advanced Technology Services

2
Agenda

• Review Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)
• Cisco Configuration Examples, Troubleshooting
• What is Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing
  Protocol (EIGRP)?
• EIGRP Basics and Components
• Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP)
• DUAL Algorithm
• Neighbor Discovery and Recovery
• Protocol Dependent Modules (PDM)
• EIGRP Configuration
• Summarization
• EIGRP Security
• EIGRP Stub
• Non-Stop Forwarding (NSF)
• Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
• EIGRP Management
• EIGRP References
• Questions and Answers
• Live EIGRP lab demo use your laptops to connect
  via wireless

3
IGRP

• Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) is a
  proprietary-distance vector routing protocol
  developed by Cisco.
• The protocol uses a combination of variables to
  determine the metric.
• Bandwidth, Delay, Load , Reliability, MTU
• IP type 9 packets for updates
• IGRP sends routing updates at 90-second
  intervals.
• Greater scalability than RIP
• Fast response to network changes
• Multiple equal-cost paths (4 or 6) possible
• Flash updates sends update as soon as link
  fails
• Hold-downs newly learned routes are used until
  the hold-down timer expires
• Split Horizon doesnt send info about route
  back in the direction it was learned from
• Poison Reverse Poison reverse updates are send
  to remove a route and to place it in hold-down

4
IGRP Update Packet
5
IGRP
Composite metric selects the path Speed and Delay
are the primary considerations
6
IGRP Metric

• K1 1 Bandwidth default (kbps)
• 10000 Ethernet, 1500 T1
• K2 0 Reliability (1 to 255)
• K3 1 Delay default (microseconds)
• 100 Ethernet, 2000 T1
• K4 0 Loading (1 to 255)
• K5 0 MTU (1500 bytes)
• Yields Metric Bandwidth Delay

• (K1 BW) (K2 Reliability)
• --------------------------------------------------
  ----
• (256-LOAD K4) (K3 Delay) (K5 MTU)

7
Cisco IGRP Commands

• Start IGRP Running and configure network
• router igrp ltAS 1-65535gt
• network 10.0.0.0
• Originate a Default Route
• default-information originate
• Change the Default Metric for Redistribution
• default-metric 10000 100 255 1 1500
• Set the weights for the IGRP metric
• metric weights ltTOSgt K1 K2 K3 K4 K5
• Default K1K31, K2K4K5 0
• Change IGRPs Administrative Distance
• distance 100 ltroutegt ltmaskgt
• Filter Routing Updates
• distribute-list 1 out Ethernet 0
• Redistribute To/From Other Routing Protocols
• Redistribute
• Set the number of equal-cost paths used
• maximum-paths 4

8
Cisco IGRP Commands

• Configure the IGRP neighbor
• neighbor ltip addressgt
• Used in FrameRelay and X.25 networks
• Configure an Offset ACL
• offset-list ltACLgt in 50 lttypegt
• Allow Interface to Listen to IGRP Updates Dont
  Send Updates
• passive-interface Ethernet 0
• Change the Default Timers for IGRP
• timers basic ltupdategt ltinvalidgt ltholddowngt
  ltflushgt ltsleepgt
• timers basic 90 270 280 630
• Balance Over Unequal Cost Paths
• traffic-share balanced min
• Balanced is default
• Min uses routes w/ minimum cost
• Multiplier Determines Unequal Cost Paths
• variance 1-128
• Validate Where Updates are Coming From
• validate-update-source
• Disables Hold-down for Faster Convergence

9
IGRP Troubleshooting

• show ip route igrp
• debug ip igrp events ltroutegt
• debug ip igrp transactions ltroutegt
• show ip protocols
• debug ip routing
• show ip route ltroutegt ltmaskgt longer-prefixes

10
EIGRP History

• E.W. Dijkstra and C.S. Scholten were first to
  introduce diffusing computations in 1980 that are
  used to perform distributed shortest-path
  routing.
• Most of the work on DUAL (Diffusing Update
  ALgorithm) since then has been done by J.J.
  Garcia-Luna-Aceves.
• In 1989 he released A Unified Approach for
  Loop-Free Routing Using Link States or Distance
  Vectors
• EIGRP was first introduced in 1994 in IOS 9.21.
  Lots of bugs! Major updates in 10.3(11), 11.0(8),
  and 11.1(3)
• Major enhancements were implemented in 10.x and
  11.x releases of IOS. Much Better!
• gt12.1 has EIGRP optimizations for SIA routes

11
EIGRP Basics

• EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary routing protocol
  that is distance vector based.
• EIGRP is a classless protocol, meaning each route
  entry includes a subnet mask.
• By default EIGRP uses a non-hierarchical
  topology. OSPF-like hierarchy can be achieved by
  introducing additional ASs.
• EIGRP updates are non-periodic,
  partial/incremental, and bounded
• EIGRP uses time-limits (hold times)
• Each EIGRP router stores its neighbors routing
  tables ( topology table / metrics).

12
Administrative Distance
Route Source Default AD Connected
interface 0 Static route 1 Enhanced IGRP
summary route 5 External BGP 20 Internal
Enhanced IGRP 90 IGRP 100 OSPF 110 IS-IS
115 RIP 120 EGP 140 External Enhanced
IGRP 170 Internal BGP 200 Unknown 255
?
13
EIGRP Metrics

• EIGRP uses a composite of available bandwidth,
  delay, load utilization, link reliability, and
  MTU.
• 256 X the same IGRP metric more granular
• BW minimum BW, Delay sum of delays

14
EIGRP Metrics

• For a T1 link (1544Kbps)
• Applying the metric formula
• 10,000,000 21000 256
  2195456
• 1544 10
• Output from show ip route 10.10.1.0
• 10.10.1.0, from 10.10.1.2, 024319 ago, via
  Serial1/0/1
• Route metric is 2195456, traffic share count is 1
• Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
• Loading 8/255, Hops 1
• metric weights ltTOSgt K1 K2 K3 K4 K5
• Default K1K31, K2K4K5 0

15
EIGRP Components

• EIGRP is comprised of four major modules
• A reliable transport mechanism used to exchange
  update messages among routers (RTP)
• Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
• Neighbor discovery and recovery mechanisms
• Protocol Dependent Modules (PDM) that enable its
  operation in a multiprotocol environment

16
EIGRP (RTP)

• Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) handles the
  transmission and receiving of EIGRP packets.
• Guaranteed delivery of IP Protocol 88 packets
  uses multicast address 224.0.0.10.
• Acknowledgements from neighboring routers are
  typically unicast using sequencing numbers for
  ordered delivery.

17
EIGRP (RTP)

• Hellos are used for neighbor discovery/recovery.
• Two routers become neighbors when they see each
  others hello packet.
• Contain Hold timer, K values, AS (process ID),
  Version
• Hellos do not require acknowledgements
  (unreliable).
• By default, hellos are mulitcast every 5 seconds
  on LANs, pt-2-pt subinterfaces, or multi-pt WAN
  links gt T1.
• However, on point to multipoint links lt T1 hellos
  are unicast every 60 seconds.
• ip hello-interval eigrp ltsecsgt
• The hold time is three times the hello interval.
• ip hold-time eigrp ltsecsgt
• Neighbor declared dead when no EIGRP packets are
  received within hold interval

18
EIGRP (RTP)

• Updates are used to propagate routing
  information. Update packets are reliably
  transmitted only when necessary (unlike
  IGRP/RIP). Update packets carry only necessary
  routing information and are sent to only involved
  routers.
• Queries and Replies are used to help in the
  search of feasible successors during routing
  changes. DUAL uses this information to perform
  its computations.
• Acknowledgements are unicast hello packets that
  contain no data. For packets that are reliably
  multicast and an ACK is not received from a
  neighbor, it will be retransmitted as a unicast.
  If the ACK is not seen after 16 unicast
  transmissions then the neighbor is dead.

19
EIGRP Terminology

• Adjacency - Like OSPF, EIGRP uses Hellos to
  identify itself to potential neighbors and form
  adjacencies with other same-protocol speaking
  routers.
• Feasible Distance - The lowest calculated metric
  for any destination is the feasible distance.
  The FD metric can be chosen from several
  advertised routes to the destination.
• Feasible Condition - Is met when a neighbors
  advertised metric is lower than the routers FD to
  that destination.
• Feasible Successor - When a neighboring routers
  advertised metric meets the FC, that neighbor
  becomes a feasible successor.
• Successor - A successor is a neighboring router
  that is currently being used as the next-hop, has
  the least cost route to the destination, and is
  not part of a routing loop.

20
EIGRP Neighbors

• Routergtshow ip eigrp neighbor
• IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 10
• H Address Interface Hold
  Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
• (sec)
  (ms) Cnt Num
• 27 10.247.1.14 Se5/0/6.4 14
  001034 373 2238 0 107315
• 20 10.234.10.26 Se1/1/3.6 14
  004105 58 348 0 277117
• 11 10.35.112.2 Se1/1/3.245 14
  004958 29 200 0 199570
• 55 10.246.2.50 Se5/0/3.9 14
  005427 257 1542 0 162
• 36 10.234.10.98 Se1/1/3.7 14
  005857 54 324 0 214576
• 44 10.36.24.1 Se1/1/3.3 14
  011406 58 348 0 88744
• 43 10.245.2.26 Se5/0/2.7 14
  011858 184 1104 0 227
• 10 10.35.108.2 Se1/1/3.193 14
  012410 46 1140 0 982923
• 5 10.234.10.34 Se1/1/3.4 14
  020549 49 3036 0 111434
• 52 10.246.2.54 Se5/0/3.8 14
  024729 246 1476 0 484
• 53 10.245.2.22 Se5/0/2.3 14
  030857 98 588 0 547
• ltoutput truncatedgt

21
Topology Table
Cisco871 show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP
Topology Table for AS(10)/ID(192.168.100.1) Codes
P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query,
R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia
Status P 192.168.40.0/21, 1 successors, FD is
2172416 via 192.168.48.4
(2172416/2169856), Vlan3 P 192.168.35.0/24, 1
successors, FD is 33280 via 192.168.18.1
(33280/30720), Vlan1 P 192.168.13.0/24, 1
successors, FD is 30720 via 192.168.18.1
(30720/28160), Vlan1 P 192.168.24.0/24, 2
successors, FD is 30720 via 192.168.28.2
(30720/28160), Vlan2 via 192.168.48.4
(30720/28160), Vlan3 P 192.168.23.0/24, 1
successors, FD is 2172416 via
192.168.28.2 (2172416/2169856), Vlan2
22
EIGRP DUAL

• In determining the successor for the subnet the
  router does the following
• Determines which neighbors have an advertised
  metric to the subnet that is less than the
  routers FD to the subnet. If any neighbors
  advertised metric that is less then they are
  feasible successors for that route.
• Calculate the minimum computed metric to the
  subnet. (FD)
• The router with the lower FD becomes the
  successor. (if FS metrics had been the same,
  then equal cost load balancing could be used)

23
EIGRP DUAL

• What happens if the successor route fails?
• If there is a feasible successor for the failed
  router then there is no transition to Active for
  the subnet and the feasible successor will take
  over as the successor.
• This is known as local computation.

24
EIGRP DUAL

• If no feasible route is known based upon the
  routing information previously learned from
  neighbors, the route goes Active for that
  destination.
• The router then sends queries to all neighboring
  routers. The queries are propagated until an
  alternate route is found. The query contains the
  new calculated FD, which is unreachable.
• This is known as a diffusing computation.
• The router will set the reply status flag to one,
  which means that a reply is expected.

25
EIGRP DUAL

• The following rules should be kept in mind when
  determining the status of DUAL
• Local computation always occurs when an input
  event is detected
• Change in a FD
• Any change in topology (e.g. a flapping
  interface)
• When an update, query, or reply packet is seen
• The successor of any given route will be picked
  based on the lowest FD calculated. However, if
  no FS are located, the route goes Active and
  queries are sent to all neighboring routers. The
  route remains in an Active state until all
  queries are replied to.
• If the active timer expires or no FS is located,
  the destination will become unreachable.

26
EIGRP DUAL

• By default the active timer is 3 minutes.
• For each neighbor to which a query was sent, the
  router will keep track of a reply status flag
  ,r. This is done to keep track of all
  outstanding queries. The diffusing computation is
  complete when the router has received a reply to
  all queries.
• At the beginning of every diffusing computation,
  a 3 minute Active timer is started. In large
  networks with a lot of low speed links, a router
  may not receive replies to every query sent
  within the 3 minute time. When this occurs, it
  is known as stuck-in-active (SIA)
• DUAL-3-SIA Route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
  stuck-in-active state in IP-EIGRP 10. Cleaning up

27
EIGRP DUAL

• The neighbor or neighbors that failed to reply
  will be removed from the neighbor table, and DUAL
  will consider that neighbor to have replied with
  an infinite metric.
• The neighbor or neighbors that failed to reply
  within the Active timer should be noted and
  troubleshot further.
• This command can be used to change the active
  timer or disable it altogether.
• timers active-time time-limit disabled

28
EIGRP Stuck in Active

• When route goes into the active state the router
  queries its neighbors and starts 3-min active
  timer.
• If neighbor has a feasible successor then it
  recalculates its own local distance and reports
  back.
• If neighbor does not have a feasible successor
  then it goes into active state.
• If none of the queried routers can provide a
  feasible successor then route is cleared.
• If a response was not received within 3 minutes
  the router logs a DUAL-3-SIA and then restarts
  the adjacency with the non-responding router.
• This can cause further routers to go "active",
  additional adjacency resets, and lots of
  reconvergence.

29
EIGRP Stuck in Active
A
B
C
10.1.1.0/24
Query
Query
Reply
Reply
A
B
C
10.1.1.0/24
Query
Query
A Resets Relationship!
Reply
30
EIGRP Stuck in Active

• IOS 12.1 (4.4) E - Cisco Bug ID CSCdp33034
• New SIA Query Messages sent to the router that
  originated the active query
• Allows neighbor routers to respond they are still
  waiting responses
• Creates trail of SIA queries across network
  toward non-responding router
• Only the last SIA querying router will reset the
  neighbor adjacency
• Syslog on this router will indicate the
  problematic link
• When looking for the source of SIAs look for the
  Stuck and the Active
• The Active may be easier to find but the
  Stuck is more important to find.
• show ip eigrp topology active when it is
  occurring

31
EIGRP Configuration

• interface FastEthernet0/0
• ip address 192.168.35.5 255.255.255.0
• ip hello-interval eigrp 10 1
• ip hold-time eigrp 10 3
• ip summary-address eigrp 10 192.168.40.0
  255.255.248.0 5
• !
• interface Serial0/0
• ip address 192.168.45.5 255.255.255.0
• ip bandwidth-percent eigrp 10 50
• ip hello-interval eigrp 10 1
• ip hold-time eigrp 10 3
• !
• router eigrp 10
• network 192.168.35.0
• network 192.168.45.0
• no auto-summary
• eigrp log-neighbor-changes

32
Auto-Summary

• EIGRP performs classful (i.e. Class A, B, C)
  summarization by default
• EIGRP automatically summarizes directly connected
  networks at their natural boundaries
• Therefore, you must manually turn off
  summarization to make EIGRP operate as a
  classless routing protocol
• router eigrp 10
• no auto-summary

33
Summarization

• Summarization condenses routing information into
  larger subnets (super-nets).
• Summarization aggregates addresses by reducing
  the length of the address prefix.
• EIGRP summarization is applied on the interface
• For example, here we want to summarize 10.16.0.0
  through 10.127.255.255 and advertise the entire
  range with three routes out serial interface
  1/1/0.1
• interface Serial1/0/1
• ip address 10.10.0.1 255.255.252.0
• ip summary-address eigrp 10 10.16.0.0
  255.240.0.0
• ip summary-address eigrp 10 10.32.0.0
  255.224.0.0
• ip summary-address eigrp 10 10.64.0.0 255.192.0.0

34
Redistribution

• Redistribution allows a routing protocol to
  advertise routes that come from another routing
  protocol, are static, or directly connected.
• The default-metric router configuration command
  assigns an EIGRP metric to all redistributed
  routes (For RIP in the example below).
• router eigrp 10
• default-metric 10000 100 255 1 1500
• redistribute connected
• redistribute static
• redistribute rip metric 10000 100 255 1 1500
• The first value (10000) specifies a min.
  bandwidth of 10Mbps. The second value (100)
  specifies a route delay in tens of microseconds.
  The third value (255) specifies reliability. The
  fourth value (1) specifies the effective
  bandwidth load. The fifth value (1500) specifies
  the MTU of the link.

35
EIGRP - Bandwidth

• Packets are paced on lower speed links
• Pacing results in less than 50 of link bandwidth
  utilization by default
• The bandwidth configured on the interface is used
  to pace (1544 Kbps by default)
• This parameter is manually configurable by using
  the command
• ip bandwidth-percent EIGRP ltAS-numbergt ltgt
• Use for greater EIGRP load control
• Best practice is to manually configure bandwidth
  as the CIR of the FR PVC

36
EIGRP PDM

• EIGRP has Protocol Dependent Modules (PDMs) for
  IPv4, IPv6, IPX, and AppleTalk. Besides IP,
  EIGRP can replace traditional routing protocols
  RTMP and IPX RIP.
• Each module is responsible for encapsulating
  routing traffic within its individual network
  layer protocols.
• Module transactions are carried in the individual
  network layer protocol
• EIGRP for IPX is carried in IPX packets
• EIGRP for AppleTalk is carried in AppleTalk
  packets
• EIGRP for IPv4 is carried in IPv4 packets
• EIGRP for IPv6 is carried in IPv6 packets
• EIGRP for IPv6 is now available in 12.4

37
EIGRP for IPv6
ipv6 unicast-routing interface FastEthernet
0/0  ipv6 enable  ipv6 eigrp 10 ipv6
bandwidth-percent eigrp ltasgt ltpercentgt ipv6
summary-address eigrp ltasgt ltipv6-addrgt ad
ipv6 authentication mode eigrp ltasgt md5 ipv6
authentication key-chain eigrp ltasgt
ltkey-chaingt ! ipv6 router eigrp 10 router-id
10.1.1.1 stub receive-onlyconnectedstaticsum
maryredistributed log-neighbor-changes
log-neighbor-warnings seconds metric weights
tos k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 ! show ipv6 eigrp interfaces
show ipv6 eigrp neighbors detail show ipv6
eigrp topology show ipv6 eigrp traffic
38
EIGRP Security

• IGRP had no security but EIGRP has some
• Port scan for IP protocol 88 to 224.0.0.10
• Potential DOS when sending router lots of EIGRP
  neighbor announcements with spoofed source IP
  addresses, the router will ARP storm the
  destination if it is on the LAN
• EIGRP does not use plain text authentication
• IP EIGRP route authentication provides Message
  Digest 5 (MD5) authentication of routing updates
  from the IP EIGRP routing protocol. (IOS 11.3 and
  later)
• The MD5 keyed digest in each Enhanced IGRP packet
  prevents the introduction of unauthorized or
  false routing messages from unapproved sources.

39
MD5 for EIGRP

• Configuration Example
• interface FastEthernet0/0
• ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
• ip authentication mode eigrp 1 md5
• ip authentication key-chain eigrp 1 holly
• key chain holly
• key 1
• key-string 123456
• accept-lifetime infinite
• router eigrp 1
• network 10.0.0.0
• no auto-summary
• passive-interface default
• no passive-interface FastEthernet0/0

40
EIGRP Security

• Some tools exist that can DOS a router running
  EIGRP
• These can be mitigated by doing a RPF check
• router(config)ip cef
• router(config)ip verify unicast reverse-path
• Another technique of securing your EIGRP is by
  statically defining the neighbors
• router eigrp 10
• network 192.168.66.0
• neighbor 192.168.66.2 FastEthernet0/0
• no auto-summary
• access-list 111 permit eigrp host 192.168.66.2
  host 192.168.66.1
• access-list 111 deny eigrp any host 192.168.66.1
• access-list 111 permit ip any any
• interface FastEthernet0/0
• ip access-group 111 in

41
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection for EIGRP

• Convergence relies on the following to happen
• Notice the change (gt 1 second)
• Select a new route (lt 0.1 second)
• Propagate the changes (lt 0.5 second)
• Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for
  EIGRP provides rapid failure detection times
  between forwarding engines, while maintaining low
  overhead.
• BDF also provides a single, standardized method
  of link/device/protocol failure detection at any
  protocol layer and over any media. (Async mode,
  Echo mode)
• Supported on 7600 gt12.2(18)SXE and 12000
  gt12.0(31)S
• router eigrp 123
• bfd all-interfaces
• ! OR
• bfd interface Gig1/0
• sh bfd neighbors details
• debug bfd packet neighbor address

42
EIGRP Stub

• If HQ-RA has a Core LAN failure traffic will flow
  through the Remote Site router
• EIGRP Stub controls traffic flows and limits
  query depth to prevent this
• EIGRP Stub routers will only advertise the
  availability of a limited set of configured
  routes, rather than the entire routing table

HQ-RA
HQ-RB
Remote Site
43
EIGRP Stub

• Similar to OSPF stubby areas
• Introduced in Cisco IOS Software Release 12.0(7)T
• eigrp stub receive-only connected
  static summary redistributed
• The following options are available
• Receive-only router only accepts, but does not
  explicitly advertise, any routes.
• This option may not be used in combination with
  any other options.
• Connected router advertises directly-connected
  networks
• Static router advertises any configured static
  routes
• Summary router advertises any configured
  summarized routes
• Redistributed router advertises any routes
  learned from another protocol, such as OSPF

44
EIGRP Stub Leaking

• If EIGRP stub is configured on C and D then they
  wont share routes
• Advertise a subset of their learned routes to
  each other, even though they are both stubs
• On Router C
• router eigrp 100 eigrp stub leak-map LeakList
• route-map LeakList permit 10
• match ip address 1
• match interface e0/0
• route-map LeakList permit 20
• match ip address 2
• match interface e1/0
• access-list 1 permit 10.1.1.0
• access-list 2 permit 0.0.0.0

B
A
e0/0
C
e1/0
D
10.1.1.0/24
Remote Site
45
Graceful Restart (GR)NonStopForwarding (NSF)

• SSO/NSF for EIGRP Redundant Supervisors in
  6500s
• EIGRP peer routers maintain the routes learned
  from the restarting router and continue
  forwarding traffic through the NSF restart
  process
• Maintains state of EIGRP adjacencies during a
  supervisor failure
• Uses a new Restart (RS) bit in the EIGRP packet
  header to indicate a restart
• router eigrp 10
• network 10.0.0.0
• no auto-summary
• nsf
• clear ip eigrp neighbor ltaddressgt soft

46
Graceful Restart (GR)NonStopForwarding (NSF)
Router show ip protocols IP Routing is NSF
aware Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is
not set Incoming update filter list for all
interfaces is not set Default networks flagged
in outgoing updates Default networks accepted
from incoming updates EIGRP metric weight K11,
K20, K31, K40, K50 EIGRP maximum hopcount
100 EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing eigrp 100 EIGRP NSF-aware route
hold timer is 240s EIGRP NSF enabled NSF
signal timer is 20s NSF converge timer is
120s Automatic network summarization is in
effect Maximum path 4 Routing for Networks
Routing Information Sources Gateway
Distance Last Update Distance internal 90
external 170
47
EIGRP Management

• EIGRP MIB introduced in 12.3(14)T
• router(config) snmp-server enable traps eigrp
• Packet Design - Route Explorer
• Gathers and displays info on flapping links as
  well as network-wide topology visualizations and
  detailed analyses
• Detects, reports, and alerts on adjacency and
  link changes, and provides real-time and
  historical
• Multi-AS display
• Neighbor relationship problems
• Unidirectional links
• Mismatched masks and AS s
• Stuck-in-Active
• Route Advertisement Problems
• Discontiguous Networks
• Unexpected Routes and Metrics
• Route installation problems
• Duplicate Router IDs
• Route flapping problems

48
EIGRP References

• EIGRP Main Page
• www.cisco.com/go/eigrp
• EIGRP Whitepaper
• http//www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk365/technologies
  _white_paper09186a0080094cb7.shtml
• EIGRP Tech Support Page
• http//www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk365/tk207/tsd_te
  chnology_support_sub-protocol_home.html
• IOS 12.4 EIGRP Config Guide
• http//www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6350/product
  s_configuration_guide_chapter09186a008045296f.html
  
• Networkers 2006 Presentations
• RST-2330 EIGRP Deployment in Large-Scale Networks
• RST-3330 Troubleshooting EIGRP
• RST-3331 New Developments in EIGRP

49
EIGRP Books

• EIGRP Network Design Solutions The Definitive
  Resource for EIGRP Design, Deployment, and
  Operation, Cisco Press, January 15, 2000, by Ivan
  Pepelnjak, ISBN 1578701651
• EIGRP for IP Basic Operation and Configuration,
  Addison-Wesley, May 31, 2000, by Alvaro Retana,
  Russ White, Don Slice, ISBN 0201657732
• Routing TCP/IP, Volume 1 (2nd Ed) (CCIE
  Professional Development Routing TCP/IP), Cisco
  Press, October 19, 2005, by Jeff Doyle and
  Jennifer Carroll, ISBN 1587052024
• Routing TCP/IP, Volume II (CCIE Professional
  Development), Cisco Press, April 11, 2001, by
  Jeff Doyle and Jennifer Carroll, ISBN 1578700892

50
Question and Answer
Q A
shogg_at_gtri.com scott_at_hoggnet.com 303-949-4865
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Live EIGRP Demo

• Take 10 minute break then start the lab
• Distributing to the class on CD
• Presentation
• Network Diagram with IP addresses listed
• Wireless SSID Cisco871W
• DHCP address from 192.168.100.1/24
• Wired access to Ethernet hub
• DHCP address from 192.168.18.1/24
• Telnet Username cisco Password cisco
• Please play nice or Ill take my toys and go home.

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EIGRP Lab Diagram
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EIGRP Show Commands

• show ip protocol
• show ip route ltprefixgt
• show ip eigrp neighbor ltdetailgt
• show ip eigrp topology ltactivegt ltsummarygt
  ltall-linksgt ltnetgt ltmaskgt ltzerogt
• show ip eigrp traffic
• show ip eigrp interface serial0/0 ltdetailgt
• ping 224.0.0.10

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EIGRP Event Log

• Event Log is always running (unless manually
  disabled)
• Default 500 lines (configurable)
• Most recent events at top of log
• Read bottom to top
• show ip eigrp events
• eigrp log-event-type dual xmit transport
• clear ip eigrp event
• router eigrp 10
• eigrp event-log-size ltnumber of linesgt
• eigrp log-neighbor-changes
• eigrp log-neighbor-warnings seconds

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EIGRP Debug Commands

• service timestamps log datetime msec
• logging buffered 10000
• no logging console
• debug ip eigrp
• debug ip eigrp ltASgt ltnetworkgt ltmaskgt
• debug ip eigrp neighbor ltASgt ltNeighbor IPgt
• debug ip eigrp notifications
• debug eigrp fsm
• debug ip eigrp summary
• debug eigrp packet terse detail ltACLgt
  hello
• debug eigrp transmit