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Title: ???? ????:http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~hwlin


1
????????http//homepage.ntu.edu.tw/hwlin
  • ???????
  • A Liberal Theory of Justice
  • by John Rawls

2
????
  • (?)???(John Rawls)????
  • ????
  • A Theory of Justice
  • Political Liberalism
  • The Law of Peoples
  • Justice as Fairness A Restatement
  • (?)?????????

3
????
  • (?)????????
  • (1)???????(principle of utility)????,???????????
    ??????????,?????????
  • (2)??????????????
  • (?)??????????????
  • (1)????????????????????,???????????
  • (2)???????? (the distinction between persons) ?

4
???????(justice as fairness)
  • (?)?????
  • (1)?????????
  • (2)???????
  • (?)??????????????????????????,????????????,?????

5
???????(justice as fairness)
  • (?)???????????
  • (1)??????(perfect procedural justice)
  • a)?????????????????????????????????
  • b)????????????????
  • (2)???????(imperfect procedural justice)
  • a)????????????????
  • b)??????????,???????????

6
???????(justice as fairness)
  • (3)??????(pure procedural justice)
  • a)????????????,????????????
  • b)????????,?????????????????
  • c)???????????,????????

7
???????(justice as fairness)
  • (?)????(the original position)
  • (1)????(veil of ignorance)
  • a)???????????????,??????????????????
  • b)??????????????
  • (2)?????????(rational)??????(mutually
    disinterested),??????????????

8
???????(justice as fairness)
  • (?)???????
  • (1)????????(concept of justice)???????(concep
    tion of justice)?
  • (2)????????????????????
  • (3)??????(considered judgment)??????(reflecti
    ve equilibrium)?

9
???????
  • (?)??????????????????,????????????
  • (?)??????????,?????
  • (1)???????(???? difference principle)
  • (2)???????????(?????? fair equality of
    opportunity)

10
??????????
  • (?)??????(the general conception of justice)??
  • ?????????????????????,??????????????????
  • (?)??????
  • ???????????,?????????????????????

11
?????????????
  • (?)?????(the priority of right)
  • (1)???????????????
  • (2)??????(the right)???(the good)???
  • a)???(teleological theory),?????????????????
    ??
  • b)???(deontological theory),????????????????
    ???????
  • (3)?????????

12
?????????????
  • (?)?????(primary goods)
  • (1)???????????????????????????
  • (2)??????????,?????????????????????,????????,????
    ???????????
  • (?)??????????????????,??????????????

13
??????????
  • (?)????????(maximin rule)
  • (1)???????????,??????????????,????????????????
  • (2)???????????????
  • a)????????????
  • b)????????,?????????????
  • c)????????????????

14
??????????
?????(g)?????????????(d)???(c)
?? ?? c1 c2 c3
d1 -7 8 12
d2 -8 7 20
d3 5 6 8
gf(d,c)
???(gain-and-loss table)
15
??????????
  • (?)?????????????????????
  • (1)???????????????
  • (2)???????????????,?????????????
  • (3)?????????????????

16
????????
  • (?)??????? (autonomy)??
  • (1)?????(heteronomy)?????(reason)??????(inclinat
    ion)????
  • (2)????????????????,????????????

17
????????
  • (?)????????????(categorical imperative)
  • (1)?????
  • (2)??(maxim)?????
  • (3)?????????(hypothetical imperative)???

18
????????
  • (?)????????????
  • (1)???????
  • (2)?????????????(intelligible world or noumenal
    world)????????(sensible world or phenomenal
    world)?
  • (3)????????????,???????????

19
?????????????
  • (?)???(communitarianism)???
  • (1)????????
  • Michael Sandel, Liberalism and the
    Limits of Justice (1982)
  • Alasdair MacIntyre, After Virtue
    (1981)
  • Charles Taylor, Philosophical
    Papers (1985)
  • Michael Walzer, Spheres of Justice
    (1983)

20
?????????????
  • (2)Sandel??????????,????????????????????
  • (3)Sandel?????
  • a)??????????????????(radically disembodies
    subject),???????
  • b)?????????????,???????(discover),??????

21
?????????????
  • (?)?????(multiculturalism)
  • (1)Iris M. Young?????(politics of
    difference)???????????,??????(assimilation),?????
    ?????,????????
  • (2)Charles Taylor?????(politics of
    recognition)???????????????????????????

22
?????????????
  • (?)???????
  • (1)??????????
  • a)????a device of representation
  • b)?????
  • c)????(public reason)????(civility)
  • (2)Will Kymlicka???????????????(internal
    restrictions)?????(external protections)

23
?????????????
  • (?)????(deliberative democracy)
  • (1)?????????????
  • (2)??????????????,???????????,?????,??????????
  • (3)?????????,?????????????
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