RATIONALIZATION

1
RATIONALIZATION

• Module 1
• (Organic Chem, Inorganic Chem, Medicinal Chem)

2

• 1. It is the only unicyclic Antidepressant
• Lexapro -escitalopram
• Prozac - fluoxetine
• Wellbutrin - bupropion
• Remeron mirtazapine

-tetracyclic
3
Thenards blue Reaction from Aluminum heated in
Sodium carbonate in Cobalt nitrate soln

• 2. The ion that gives positive result to
  Thenards Test causes
• Reyes syndrome -
• Minamata diseases -
• Wilsons disease -
• Shavers disease -

aspirin
mercury
copper
aluminum
4

• 3. A fourth generation Cephalosporin
• Axera cefepime
• Rocephin ceftriaxone
• Zinacef cefuroxime
• Monowel cefoxitin

-3rd
-2nd
5

• 4. A rule that states that when stress is applied
  to a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium
  shifts to relieve stress
• Law of Conservation of Mass
• Law of Definite Proportion
• Law of Mass Action
• Le Chateliers Principle

6

• 5. This element is present in Insulin
• Co
• Zn
• Mg
• Fe
• NOTA

7

• 6. It is administered in an ice-cold condition to
  lessen its disagreeable bitter taste
  parenterally used as an anti convulsant
• Glaubers salt
• Rochelle salt
• Epsom salt
• Purgative lemonade

- Hydrated sodium sulfate
- Potassium Sodium Tartrate / Seignettes salt
- Mg sulfate
8

• 7. The ion that gives a purple solution with
  Sodium bismuthate
• Cobalt
• Ferrous
• Manganese
• Ferric

9

• 8. The sum of the number of protons neutron
• Mass number
• Atomic weight - average mass of atoms of an
  element
• Isotope - atoms of the same element can have
  different numbers of neutrons
• Atomic number - of protons present in nucleus

10
Q49

• 9. Principle which states that it is impossible
  to accurately determine simultaneously the
  position motion of an electron
• Paulis exclusion principle
• Aufbau principle
• Heisenberg principle
• NOTA

The Aufbau (building up) Principle an orbital
cannot take more than 2 electrons.
11
Proton donor

• 10. Acids have the following properties except
• pH below 7
• acceptor of protons
• neutralizes base
• Sour taste

12

• 11. Which of the ff is/are considered slow
  acetylators
• Eskimos
• Egyptians
• Filipinos
• Mediterranean Jews

• III only
• I and II only
• III and IV only
• II and IV only
• I and III only

Eskimos and Orientals are rapid acetylators
13

• I and II only
• III and IV only
• I, II and IV only
• I, III, and IV only
• AOTA

• 12. Which of the ff is/are parent drug/s?
• Digitoxin
• Hydrocortisone
• Primidone
• Propranolol

Active metabolite of cortisone Biotransformed by
ketone reduction
14

• 13. An agent that prevents infection by the
  destruction of pathogenic microorganisms when
  applied to inanimate objects
• Antiseptic
• Disinfectant
• Antibiotic
• Sanitizer
• Pesticide

-living organisms
15

• 14. A dye used as an antidote for cyanide
  poisoning
• Malachite green
• Methylene blue
• Phenolphthalein
• Gentian violet
• NOTA

It promotes conversion of hemoglobin to
methemoglobin, which because of its high affinity
for cyanide ion diverts it from inactivating
Cytochrome C
16

• 15. The antibiotic that binds with Ribosome 30s
  subunit
• Chloramphenicol
• Tetracycline
• Erythromycin
• Lincomycin
• Penicillin

50S M-acrolide C-hloramphenicol C-lindamycin 30S
A-minoglycosides T-etracycline
17

• 16. Structure of the penicillin molecule shows
  it to contain a fused ring system which is the
• ß lactam thiazolidine structure
• ß lactam penam structure
• 6 Aminopenicillinanic acid
• ß lactam phenylpenicillin ring
• ß lactam alkylamino ethyl ring

18

• 17. Tienam is a combination of
• Piperacillin
• Cilastatin
• Tazobactam
• Imipenem

• II and IV
• I and II
• I and IV
• II and III
• I and III

19

• 18. Vigocid is a combination of
• Piperacillin
• Cilastatin
• Tazobactam
• Imipenem

• II and IV
• I and II
• I and IV
• II and III
• I and III

20

• 19. The 1st aminoglycoside antibiotic to be used
  in chemotherapy
• Amikacin
• Gentamicin
• Streptomycin
• Kanamycin
• Neomycin

21

• 20. It is used primarily for treating
  polycythemia vera
• Hexamethylamine
• Asparaginase
• Tamoxifen
• Pipobroman
• Hydroxyurea

22

• 21. Diamox is
• Methazolamide
• Dichlorphenamide
• Amoxicillin
• Hydrochlorothiazide
• Acetazolamide

23

• 22. The major adverse effect of Midamor
• Hypokalemia
• Hyponatremia
• Hypocalcemia
• Hyperkalemia
• Hypomagnesemia

Amiloride (K-sparing diuretic)
24
Q91(same)

• 23. The major source of histamine in the body
  results from the decarboxylation of this amino
  acid
• Tryptophan
• Histidine
• Tyrosine
• Phenylalanine
• Arginine

Serotonin
Dopa--gtNE/Epi
25

• 24. A class of antibiotics that contain a
  macrocyclic ring bridged across two nonadjacent
  positions of an aromatic nucleus and called
  ansamycins
• Cephalosporins
• Macrolides
• Penicillins
• Rifamycins
• Aminoglycosides

26

• 25. Which of the following is/are side effect/s
  of dactinomycin?
• Alopecia
• Bone marrow depression
• Nausea and vomiting

• I, II and III
• I and II
• II and III
• I only
• III only

27

• 26. A semi-synthetic derivative of
  podophyllotoxin which in combination with other
  chemotherapeutic agents is the first choice
  treatment for small-cell lung cancer
• Vinblastine
• Vincristine
• Doxorubicin
• Daunorubicin
• Etoposide

Effective alone or in combination w/ other agents
for refractory testicular tumors, acute
nonlymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkins dse, Non
Hodgkins lymphoma, Kaposis sarcoma
28

• 27. Which of the following is/are brand name/s
  of Ibuprofen
• Tylenol
• Advil
• Siverol

• I only
• II only
• I and II only
• AOTA
• I and III

acetaminophen
tramadol
29

• 28. Possesses the antitussive properties of
  codeine, without the analgesic, additive, central
  depressant, and constipating features
• Levopropoxyphene
• Noscapine
• Dextromethorphan
• Caramiphen
• Benzonatate

10 mg dextro 15mg dose of codeine in
antitussive effect
30

• 29. This is entitled when a neutron converts to a
  proton
• Positron
• Negatron
• Gamma rays
• Alpha rays

- Proton ? neutron
31

• 30. This describes the relative position of an
  energy level with respect to the other energy
  levels present
• Principle quantum number
• Magnetic spin quantum number
• Subquantum number (l)
• Magnetic quantum number (m l)

B. Is the magnetic component contributed by the
spin of the electrons C. l describes the
different electron distribution for a given n D.
The magnetic contribution of angular momentum due
to movement of electron in space.
32

• 31. This is a chronic condition resembling
  tuberculosis in symptom
• Silicosis
• Parakeratosis
• Itai-Itai disease
• Minamata disease

It develops after long exposure (7 yrs or more)
to respirable dust (Silica particles)
33
Q54

• 32. Same molecular formula but different order of
  atomic linkages
• Functional isomer
• Constitutional isomer
• Enantiomers
• Diastereomers

34
Q97

• 33. Cobalt meta-aluminate is
• Rinmans green
• Azure crystals
• Thenards blue
• Emerald blue crystals

Rinmans green aka Cobalt green Reaction
from Zinc cobalt nitrate Thenards blue aka
Cobalt blue Reaction from Aluminum heated in
Sodium carbonate in Cobalt nitrate soln.
35

• 34. This metals exhibit autocomplexation
• Noble metals
• Volatile metals
• Coinage metals
• Alkaline earth metals

Group II-B ( Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury)
36

• 35. Among the acids of halogens, which is
  considered to be the most acidic?
• HBr
• HI
• HF
• HCl

HIgtHBrgtHClgtHF (decreasing acidity) Ionic property
is inversely proportional to acidity
37

• 36. An alloy composed of 50 tin and 50 lead
• Pewter
• Solder
• Gun metal
• Rose metal

Pewter 80 Tin 20 Lead Gun Metal 10 Tin
90 Copper Rose Metal 25 Tin, 25 Lead 50
Bismuth
38

• 37. Vleminckxs solution is prepared by boiling
  sublimed sulphur and
• Lime
• a d
• calcium Carbonate
• Calcium oxide

Flowers of sulfur
39
3x to lumabas sa boards ko!?

• 38. Type of sulphur used in Vleminckxs solution
• Precipitated sulphur
• Lac sulphur
• Sublimed sulphur
• NOTA

used for scabies
40

• 39. Which of the following has the highest
  boiling point
• Decane
• Pentane
• Hexane
• Butane

more carbon-carbon linkages, the more bonds to
break, the higher the boiling point.
41
Methamphetamine shabu

• 40. Speed is a ____________ form of
  Amphetamine
• Formylated
• Acetylated
• Butylated
• Methylated

42

• 41. Potassium added in glass
• Increases the refractive index of the glass
• Makes the glass amber and light resistant
• Reduces the coefficient of expansion
• AOTA

-borates
43

• 42. Produces a bluish green flame through a
  cobalt glass
• Sodium
• Barium
• Strontium
• Calcium

Through cobalt glass Barium bluish
green Sodium Nil(pale green) Potassium
crimson Calcium light green Strontium purple
44

• 43. To prepare White Lotion USP, sulfurated
  potash is added to
• Zinc sulfide
• Zinc oxide
• Zinc sulfate
• NOTA

used as Astringent/ Protective
45
Q45

• 44. It is a measure of the energy required to
  remove an electron by overcoming the attractive
  forces of the nucleus
• Electron affinity
• Electronegativity
• Ionization potential
• NOTA

46

• 45. It is the ability of an atom in a molecule to
  attract electrons in itself
• Electron affinity
• Electronegativity
• Ionization potential
• NOTA

Measures how strongly the atom attracts
ADDITIONAL electrons
Measures how strongly the atom holds to its
electrons
47

• 46. Purest native form of uncombined carbon
• Diamond
• Graphite
• Lamp black
• Coal

48

• 47. The unit of radiation damage used in
  medicine
• Rem
• RBE
• Sievert
• Rad

Relative Biological Effectiveness of the radiation
SI unit for effective dosage 1 sv100 rem
49

• 48. Employed as systemic acidifier
• Sodium bicarbonate
• Ammonium chloride
• Calcium chloride
• b and c

50

• 49. It states that no two electrons in an atom
  can have the same set of four quantum numbers
• Heisenberg uncertainty principle
• Aufbau principle
• Paulis exclusion principle
• a and b

51

• 50. The process by which water molecules move
  under high pressure through a semipermeable
  membrane from the more concentrated to the less
  concentrated solution
• Osmosis
• Passive diffusion
• Active diffusion
• Reverse osmosis

Lower to higher concentration
52

• 51. Give the IUPAC name of the given chemical
  CH2CHCH2CH2CH3
• Pentene
• 1- pentene
• Pentane
• 1- pentyne
• 2- pentene

5 carbon atom penta 1 double bond
ene _at_Carbon 1 1
53

• 52. The chemical CH3OCH3 is an example of what
  type of organic compound
• Ketone
• Ester
• Ether
• Aldehyde
• Acid anhydride

• Ether R-O-R
• Alcohol ROH
• Aldehyde RCHO
• Ketone RCOR
• Carboxylic acid RCOOH
• Ester RCOOR
• Acid halide RCOX
• Amide RCONH2

54

• 53. The compound with the formula, CH3CH2COCH2CH3
  is a/an
• Ketone
• Aldehyde
• Carboxylic acid
• Ether
• Ester

RCOR
55

• 54. Stereoisomers that are not mirror-images of
  each other are called
• Structural isomers
• Cis-Trans isomers
• Enantiomers
• Anomers
• Diastereomers

Mirror-image isomers that are not super imposable
56

• 55. What is the most potent effect of
  trimethylxanthine substitutions in positions 1,3,
  and 7 of the xanthine molecule
• Diuresis
• Coronary Vasodilation
• Cardiac stimulation
• CNS stimulation
• Skeletal muscle relaxation

57

• 56. The structure given below represents the
  common structure of which group of drugs
• Benzodiazepine
• Barbiturates
• Phenothiazine
• SSRIs
• MAOIs

58

• 57. What is the IUPAC name of Valproic acid
• 2- Methylpropanoic acid
• 2- Ethylbutanoic acid
• 2- Propylpentanoic acid
• 2- Butylhexanoic acid
• 2- Pentylheptanoic acid

59

• 58. Which of the following drug is also known as
  1,3-dimethylxanthine
• Theophylline
• Caffeine
• Theobromine
• Pentoxyfylline
• Doxofylline

1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
3,7-dimethylxanthine
1-(5-oxohexyl)-3, 7-dimethylxanthine
7-(1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3-dimethylpurine-2,6
-dione
60

• 59. Which of the following calcium channel
  blockers is a benzothiazepine
• Verapamil - phenylalkylamine
• Nifedipine - dihydropyridine
• Diltiazem
• Amlodipine - dihydropyridine
• Isradipine - dihydropyridine

61

• 60. Which of the following endogenous substances
  promote platelet agrregration
• cAmp
• TXA2
• ADP

• I only
• III only
• I and II only
• II and III only
• AOTA

Inhibits!
62

• 61. Which of the following agents is an example
  of an H2-antihistamine
• Telfast -fexofenadine
• Pariet - rabeprazole
• Prevacid lansoprazole
• Aerius -desloratadine
• Ulcin - ranitidine

63

• 62. Which of the following drug is an example of
  Proton Pump Inhibitor
• Pariet - rabeprazole
• Ulcin - ranitidine
• Iselpin - sucralfate
• Zantac - ranitidine
• Telfast - fexofenadine

64

• 63. Which of the following opioids contains a
  piperidine nucleus
• Dextromethorphan
• Oxycodone
• Pentazocine
• Meperidine
• Codeine

• Phenanthrene
• Codeine
• Oxycodone
• Oxymorphone
• Hydromorphoine
• Miperidine
• Diphenoxylate
• Fentanyl
• Benzomorphan
• Pentazocine

65

• 64. A given drug is known to antagonize the 5-HT
  1D receptor. What is most likely clinical
  indication of this drug
• Glaucoma
• Migraine
• Hypertyension
• Anxiety
• Psychosis

66

• 65. Which of the following agents is primarily a
  5-HT3 receptor antagonist
• Ondansetron
• Cisapride
• Clozapine
• Ergonovine
• Naratriptan

67

• 66. This form of insulin is the primary storage
  form in man
• Monomer
• Dimer
• Tetramer
• Pentamer
• Hexamer

Form of Insulin that is absorbed and interacts
with insulin receptor
68

• 67. Which of the following is/are factors
  affecting drug metabolism
• Age
• Economic status
• Species and strain
• Gender

• I only
• AOTA
• I and II only
• I, III and IV only
• I, II and III only

69

• 68. The term that denotes the selective
  metabolism of two or more similar functional
  groups, or two or more similar atoms that are
  positioned in different regions of a molecule
• Stereoisomerism
• Regioselectivity
• Selective toxicity
• Substrate stereoselectivity
• Bioselectivity

70

• 69. Phenol coefficient is defined as the ratio of
  a disinfectant to the dilution of phenol required
  to kill a given strain of a bacterium. What
  microorganism is used in determining the phenol
  coefficient?
• Bacillus subtilis
• Enterobacter aerogenes
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Salmonella typhi
• Proteus vulgaris

71

• 70. A preparation of 5 iodine in water with
  potassium iodide
• Iodine solution
• Iodine tincture
• Lugols solution
• Mayers reagent
• Wagners reagent

• Iodine Solution
• 2 Iodine in Water with Sodium Iodide
• Iodine Tincture
• 2 Iodine in 50 alcohol with Sodium Iodide
• Mayers reagent Potassium Mercuric Iodide
• Wagners reagent
• Iodine in Potassium Iodide.

72

• 71. Methicillin is chemically named as
• 2-Ethoxy-1-naphthylpenicillin
• 5-Methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolylpenicillin
• 5-Methyl-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4-isoxazolyl-penic
  illin
• 2,6-Dimethoxylphenylpenicillin
• 2,6-Dimethylpenicillin

73

• 72. A group of antibiotics that are derivatives
  of an octahydronaphthacene,a hydrocarbon system
  that comprises four annelated six-membered rings
• Macrolides
• Tetracycline
• Lincomycins
• Polymyxin
• Sulfonamides

74

• 73. Drowsiness is a side effect of antihistamines
  that is common to the
• Ethylenediamines
• Tertiary aminoalkyl ethers
• Phenothiazine
• H2-receptor antagonists
• Cimetidine

Ex. aminophylline
Mostly antipsychotics
75

• 74. It has become the drug of choice in the
  treatment of genital herpes
• Symmetrel - amantadine
• Zovirax -acyclovir
• Hepsera -adefovir
• Tamiflu -oseltamivir
• Valtrex -valaciclovir

Also used in HSV1 2, Varicella-Zoster, Epstein
Barr
76

• 75. A depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
  that causes spastic paralysis to susceptible
  helminthes
• Pyrantel pamoate
• Thiabendazole
• Mebendazole
• Niridazole
• Niclosamide

Inh. fumarate reductase helminth specific
Irreversibly block glucose uptake
77

• 76. A non steroidal agent that has shown potent
  antiestrogenic properties in animals and is
  useful in the palliative treatment of advanced
  breast cancer in postmenopausal women
• Megestrol
• Testolactone
• Mitotane
• Leuprolide
• Tamoxifen

78

• 77. An ion that often shows expectorant action
  is
• Iodide
• Phosphate
• Fluoride
• Iodate

79

• 78. Copper is an essential trace element used for
  the utilization of iron occurs in
• Hemoglobin
• Albumin
• Hemocyanin
• Heme

Respiratory pigment

• Hemoglobin contains Iron in its molecule
• Heme constitutes about 4 of its weight
  consisting iron in the center of
  pyrrole-porphyrin ring
• Albumin is the primary protein found in blood

80

• 79. The only single acid that can dissolve gold
• HCl
• HNO3
• Selenic acid
• Aqua regia

HCl and HNO3 cant dissolve gold alone but when
mixed as aqua regia (31) it can dissolve gold
but not as SINGLE acid.
81

• 80. Reduction occurs in
• Cathode
• Anode
• Both
• None of these

GEROA LEORA Cathode negatively charged
electrode Anode positively charged electrode
82

• 81. Argyria can be caused by
• Gold
• Cobalt
• Iron
• Silver

83

• 82. A member of the second triad of Group VIII
• Platinum
• Rhodium
• Nickel
• Iridium

With Ruthenium and Palladium
84

• 83. BAL is
• British Anti- Lewisite
• 2,3 dimercaptopropranolol
• 3,2 dimercaptopropranolol
• a and b

Used in treating heavy metal poisoning such as
mercury and gold.
85
Hard coal 90 carbon 6 volatile matters

• 84. Soft coal is
• Anthracite
• Bituminous
• Charcoal
• Activated charcoal

It contains 70 of Carbon large amt of volatile
matters
86

• 85. The first element to be discovered by the use
  of spectroscope
• Rubidium
• Cesium
• Iridium
• Uranium

87

• 86. Inadequate oxygen tension in air i.e. Baguio,
  high altitude
• Histotoxic
• Anemic
• Anoxic
• Stagnant

88

• 87. Mercury that falls into cracks and other
  difficult to clean places is removed best by
  covering with
• Sulfur
• Sodium hydroxide
• Potassium dichromate
• Zinc oxide

It forms sulfide with mercury and is then easily
vacuumed to remove easily.
89

• 88. Fullers earth is
• Hydrated aluminium magnesium trisilicate
• Floridin
• Aluminium magnesium trisilicate
• b and c

90

• 89. Pink in appearance
• Copper
• Nickel
• Cobalt (II)
• a and c

green
91
M E T A L L I C P R O P In crease

• 90. In given period, as the atomic number
  increases, metallic properties
• Increase
• Decrease
• Remain the same
• Double

Metallic property decreases
92

• 91. The major source of histamine in the body
  results from the decarboxylation of this amino
  acid
• Tryptophan
• Histidine
• Tyrosine
• Phenylalanine
• Arginine

93

• 92. Grignard reagents usually contain
• Co
• Cu
• Fe
• Mg

Grignard reagents are R-Mg-X compounds that are
used as intermediates in synthesis
94

• 93. Standard temperature for gas
• 0 C
• 314K
• 273K
• a and c

95

• 94. What is the functional group for ketones
• Carboxyl group
• Hydroxyl group
• Amino group
• Carbonyl group

• Carboxyl group for Caboxylic acids
• Hydroxyl group for alcohols
• Amino group for Amines

96

• 95. The ion that gives a Turnbulls blue
  precipitate with potassium ferricyanide
• Ferrous
• Ferric
• Cobalt
• Nickel

Ferrous ferricyanide
97

• 96. The ion that gives a Prussian blue
  precipitate with potassium ferrocyanide
• Ferrous
• Ferric
• Cobalt
• Nickel

• Fe7(CN)1814H2O Ferric ferrocyanide
• aka Berlin Blue or Parisian blue
• It was the traditional blue in blueprints
• It has been used as antidotes for certain heavy
  metal poisoning

98

• 97. The ion that gives positive result to
  Rinmans green
• Aluminum
• Chromium
• Manganese
• Zinc

aka Cobalt green Reaction from Zinc cobalt
nitrate
99

• 98. The first element produced artificially is
• Rn
• Ta
• Tc
• Pt

100

• 99. Which of the following is a
  thiazolidinedione
• Actos -pioglitazone
• Glucophage -metformin
• Solosa - glimepiride
• Glucobay acarbose

Metformin Biguanide Glimepiride- Sulfonyureas
101

• 100. All are classified as 2nd generation
  sulfonylureas except
• Gliclazide
• Gliburide
• Glimepiride
• Glipizide

• 1st gen
• Chlorpropamide
• Acetohexamide
• Tolbutamide
• Tolazamide
• 2nd gen
• all starting in GLI, GLY except GLIMEPIRIDE