Nationalism

1
Nationalism Imperialism in Southeast
Asia,China and Japan, 1815-1915
2
Opium War (1839-1842)

• Cause.

3
Opium Wars

• Roots in 1759 Emperor Qianlong restricted
  European commercial presence to the port of
  Guangzhou.
• Trade supervised under the cohong system. With
  specially licensed Chinese firms operating under
  government set prices.

4
Opium Wars

• Europeans had little the Chinese wanted to buy,
  but the Europeans wanted Chinese goods.
• British East India company started importing
  Opium into China.
• Addiction and Trade increased!
• Chinese government attempted a trade ban.
  British protested.

5
Opium War (1839) England vs. China
6
Opium Wars

• Treaty of
• Results The British won and acquired Hong Kong
  as a colony as well as a number of other
  privileges in China.
• Silver began flowing out of China.
• Missionaries-.
• Extraterritoriality.
• Korea, Vietnam and Burma were released from
  Chinese control

7
Unequal Treaties

• The British privileges in China were very soon
  acquired by other countries in more unequal
  treaties, and resulted in the subjugation and
  humiliation of China for the next 100 years.
• Eventually led to spheres of influence China
  was divided up into trading spheres, giving each
  European nation exclusive trading rights to part
  of China.

8
Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864) the Boxer
Rebellion (1900)

• These were among the most violent efforts on the
  part of Chinese secret societies which tried to
  drive out the Westerners and overthrow the
  Manchus.
• Both rebellions were put down by Western troops.

9
Taiping Rebellion

• The Taiping Rebellion resulted from many factors
  -
• The decline of the Qing dynasty
• The enormous population pressures that China
  faced in the mid-nineteenth century
• The introduction of Western ideologies and
  religions into Chinese society.

10
Taiping Rebellion

• Hong Xiuquan

11
Boxer Rebellion 1899-1900

• There was a Chinese nationalist uprising in
  1899-1900 against foreigners, the representatives
  of alien powers, and Chinese Christians.
  Expulsion of all foreigners from China was the
  ultimate objective of the uprising. The name
  Boxers (Yi He Quan) refers to -

12
Boxers

• In 1899 the Boxers, a secret society of Chinese,
  began a campaign of terror against Christian
  missionaries in the northeastern provinces.
  Although the Boxers were officially denounced,
  they were secretly supported by many of the royal
  court, including the dowager empress Cixi (Tz'u
  Hsi).

13
Boxer Rebellion

• On June 21, 1900, after the Empress declared war
  on all foreign powers, the Boxers began a
  two-month assault on the legations in Beijing.
• An international force of Japanese, Russian,
  German, American, British, Italian and
  Austro-Hungarian troops put down the uprising by
  August 14.
• Spelled the end of the Qing Dynasty.

14
(No Transcript)
15
US Open Door Policy (1900)
16
Empress Dowager Tzu Hsi

• Conservative,
• Reactionary
• Ruler of China for 50 yrs

17
The The Last EmperorPu Yi (1908-1911)

• Was replaced by a Republic in 1911 under the
  leadership of Sun Yat-sen

18
Sun Yat-sen

• Founded the Republic of China based on the Three
  Principles of the People
• Nationalism
• Liberalism
• Peoples Livelihood

19
JAPAN
20
Meiji Restoration, 1867

• Meiji means -
• Tozama Daimyo, Industrial Leaders Wealthy
  Farmers cooperatively overthrew the Tokugawa
  Shogunate and established a new government for
  Japan which was based on Modernization
  Westernization.

21
Matthew PerryGunboat Diplomacy

• In 1853, the U.S. sent a fleet of ships under the
  command of - to Japan in
  order to end the nations self-imposed isolation
  and open it to trade. Soon, the Britain, Russia,
  and Holland negotiated similar treaties.

22
Meiji Restoration

• In 1868, Emperor Mutsushito was restored to the
  throne. He decided that in order to withstand the
  imperialistic might of the West, Japan would need
  to adopt western ways. This movement would be
  known as the-

23
Meiji Restoration

• The Meiji took advantage of the fact that Japan
  was less geographically strategic than the
  Chinese.
• Left to their own devices, the Japanese created a
  remarkable state that built the foundations for
  Japan as a world power.

24
Sino-Japanese War(1894-1895)

• Cause Conflict over Korea
• Results Japan won and increased its influence
  in Korea.
• Japan also took Taiwan.

25
Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)

• Cause Conflict over Korea Manchuria
• Results Japan won and increased its influence in
  these areas.
• Japans global respect prestige also increased.

26
Annexation of Korea

• As a result of repeated protests
• demonstrations on the part of Koreans against
  Japan, Japan forced Korea into colonial status,
  and took total control of its government and
  society from 1910-1945.

27

• East Indias - controlled by _______________
• Philippines- controlled by ________________

28

• 1898 the Spanish American War
• Filipino Aid
• USA Won
• ruled as a colony