1. dia

1
CONTROLLING DANGEROUS PATHOGENS PROJECT Regional
Workshop on Dual-Use Research Mátraháza,
Hungary May 12-14, 2006
J. Furész
2
Nobel prize winner Hungarians
Lénárd Fülöp  F 1905
Bárány Róbert  O 1914
Zsigmondy Richárd K 1925
Szent-Györgyi Albert  O 1937
Hevesy György  K 1943
Békésy György  O 1961
Wigner Jenô  F 1963
Gábor Dénes F 1971
Wiesel, Elie  B 1986
Polanyi, John C.  K 1986
Oláh György  K 1994
Harsányi János  G 1994
Kertész Imre I 2002
Herskó Ferenc K 2004
O élettani ill. orvosi, F fizikai, K
kémiai, B béke, G közgazdasági dí
3
CONTROLLING DANGEROUS PATHOGENS PROJECT 1999
Study
Rapid detection of security related bioagents
Preparation a laboratory capability to enhance
the protection of human resources Multipurpose,
modular, deployable, mission tailorable,,,
4
Bio security in its broad meaning, can be seen as
active measures to avoid spread of human /or
agricultural pathogens
Bio-safety can be seen as the protection of the
workers of the laboratories and installations, as
well as the protection against the
uncontrolled/unwilling spread of pathogens or
diseases to the outside.
5

• The menace has to be encountered in regional
  context.
• It makes unavoidable sharing information and
  experience on preparedness, response plans and
  crisis management strategies in regional approach.

6
We are focusing on health threats, want to
strengthen mechanisms and capacities to identify,
to verify and to respond to threats.
We are aware and know the requirements for
diagnostic needs and means of surveillance and
epidemiological activities
7
MULTINATIONAL CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL,
RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR TASK FORCE, CHALKIDA,
Greece Aug01-Oct01
8
Do we initiate a knowledge harmonization process
at regional level (?)!
9
Janus-facedScience Dual-Use Research

• J. Furész

10
The modern science and technology has a driving
role in the development and there is a need to
strengthen economic, technical and scientific
co-operation
Science was the engine of progress of Western
civilization over the last three centuries.
Religio, religare relation, community in common
mind. In the recent century appeared a new
pseudo-religion the science
11
What relatively easy to do Specification of
Weaponization-related goals.
12

• 1.   Enhance pathogen infectivity, pathogenicity,
  antibiotic resistance, or resistance to host
  immunological defenses
• Improve the ability of a microbial pathogen to
  remain viable and virulent during prolonged
  storage and/or after release into the environment
  
• Facilitate the dissemination of biological agents
  as a fine-particle aerosol
• Facilitate the dissemination of a biological
  agent by contamination of food or water sources
• Create a novel pathogen or one with
  characteristics that have been altered to evade
  current detection methods or host immune defenses
  
• Assemble oligonucleotides to synthesize the
  genome of a pathogenic microorganism.

13
The Dual Use Dilemma (I)
Dual use research means science, with legitimate
purpose that may be misused to pose public
health and/or national security
14
The Dual Use Dilemma (II)

• Microbiology just a part of the landscape
• Deliberate engineering of immune escape, stealth
  viral vectors
• Overproduction of host inflammatory mediators to
  produce toxic shock
• Knocking out genes that regulate key cell
  processes such as cell proliferation.
• Small molecules that disrupt molecular circuits,
  eg networks in immune response, blood clotting
  system, higher brain function
• Acoustic disruption bone pain, airway
  modulation, ultrasonic skin heating.
• George Poste, NAS meeting 2003 (not formally
  published)

15
Advances in life sciences biotechnology bring
benefits to medicine, public health,
agriculture.
Risk to public safety and security from the
misuse of this science technology
.
Naturally occurring accidents Misadventure
Deliberate misuse
16

• Dual use research in life sciences includes
  research
• with legitimate scientific purpose
• that may be misused to pose a biologic threat to
  public health and/or national security

17
Weak understanding of the implications of
dual-use capabilities posed by research in the
life sciences
18
(No Transcript)
19
What to do ? The special character of the
science.
20
The knowledge acquisition is a result of personal
activity, the community of scientist
characterized by the autonomy. The scientist
itself is not a machine looking for the truth,
but the scientist has full autonomy to accept or
reject the verity of anything.
Autonomy of Science
Polányi (1929) a tudósközösség autonómiáját, a
tudás személyes és hallgatólagos aspektusát
hangsúlyozza, de távol tartja magát azoktól a
nézetektõl is, amelyek már a tudásszociológia
elõfeltevéseit jelentik társadalomba-ágyazottság,
közös tudat, stb. A tudás megszerzése
személyes aktus eredménye. Nem szociologizálja,
mindemellett kimondja, hogy a tudós nem
valamiféle igazságkeresõ gép, hanem "végsõ soron
a tudós maga dönti el, hogy mit fogad el
igazságként".(Faragó PéterTUDOMÁNYTERVEZÉS ÉS
TUDOMÁNYOS AUTONÓMIA. http//66.249.93.104/search?
qcachejnoSV-4cj-QJwww.kfki.hu/chemonet/polanyi/
0012/farago.htmlkC3B6zC3B6studattudomC3A1
nyhlhuglhuctclnkcd1clientfirefox-a)
Polányi Mihály
21

• Universality of Science
• freedom of movement,
• association,
• expression and communication for scientists
  as well as
• equitable access to data, information and
  research materials

22
The publication of results is expected from
scientific community, which resulted in the
appearance of new kind of collective thinking
With the rise of ubiquitous networked
communication due to the internet and its
enhancement by mobile access anytime, anywhere,
our capacities for effective problem- solving
both on the practical and the more abstract
levels have vastly increased.
The misuse of the impersonalized knowledge
increased
23
What how to do (I)?
Have to develop effective national and
international laws, regulations, and policies in
relation to the life sciences
24
What how to do (II)?

• Have to develop a culture of responsibility of
• Scientists,
• Management of laboratories,
• Industry and research facilities
• Governmental non-governmental institutions
  employing and funding research in the life
  sciences.
• Publishers
• Educational and training system

25
What do not do? Do not prohibit research of any
kind that is carried out with peaceful intent,
or restrict the publication of results.
26
Where we are now ?
27
We are all on the same shipboard. DONT MISS,
DONT LEAK THE BOAT