Announcements

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Announcements

• Does anyone still need to make up any tests?
• If your grade is dipping, DO NOT wait until it is
  too late to get help. Ask me!
• Today we start a new unit
• Ecology and the environment

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Intro to Ecology

• Mr. DeGuzman
• Biology A

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Ecology

• What is ecology?
• It comes from the Greek word oikos which means
  house
• The study of organisms with one another in their
  physical surroundings
• IN SIMPLE TERMS
• Plants and animals interacting in their
  environment

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Ecology

• Since all living organisms are located on earth,
  we can consider the earth as one big house
• Therefore the earth is often called a biosphere
• What does bio sphere mean?
• bio life sphere globe
• Living globe

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Levels of Organization
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Ch 3-2 Energy Flow

• Sunlight is the main energy source for life on
  Earth
• Producers
• Make their own energy
• So what are autotrophs?
• Mostly gain energy from the sun through
  photosynthesis
• Some gain energy through inorganic chemical
  (chemosynthesis)

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Ch 3-2 Energy flow

• Consumers
• Must take in energy
• Consume other organisms for energy
• Also known as heterotrophs
• Examples
• Herbivore
• Carnivore
• Omnivore
• Detritivores

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Ch 3-2 Energy flow

• Can you tell me what you ate for dinner?
• Could you tell me where your dinner got its
  energy from?
• You can create a chain that shows a series of
  energy transfers
• Food chain

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Ch 3-2 Energy flow

• What happens if you consume more than one type of
  food?
• To show feeding relationships between multiple
  organisms, scientist use a food web

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• Each step in the food chain is called a trophic
  level

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3 Ecological Pyramids

• Energy pyramid
• Only 10 of energy is transferred to the next
  trophic level
• Biomass pyramid
• Total mass of potential food at each trophic
  level
• Pyramid of numbers
• Total number of individuals at each trophic level

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3 Main Ecological Pyramids
Energy Pyramid Shows the relative amount of
energy available at each trophic level.
Organisms use about 10 percent of this energy
for life processes. The rest is lost as heat.
Pyramid of Numbers Shows the relative number of
individual organisms at each trophic level.
Biomass Pyramid Represents the amount of living
organic matter at each trophic level.
Typically, the greatest biomass is at the base
of the pyramid.
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Classwork

• Work on handout
• Ch 3-1
• Ch 3-2
• Student led discussion on handout

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Homework

• SA Ch 3-1 1-5
• SA Ch 3-2 1-5
• Read Ch 3-3