Childhood Development

1
Childhood Development
Although physical, cognitive, and social
development can be put in separate sections in a
book, in real life (p.64)
2
Preschool Development

• Physical Development
• Small Muscle (Fine Motor)
• Large Muscle (Gross Motor)
• Activity Level
• Visual Ability

3
Preschool Development

• Cognitive Development
• Preoperational Thought

What is your earliest memory?

• General Scripts (Nelson)

4
Preschool Development

• Language Acquisition
• Oral
• Reading
• Writing

5
Preschool Development

• Socioemotional (Psychosocial) Development
• Initiative Vs. Guilt
• Peer Relationships
• Prosocial Behavior
• Play
• Solitary
• Parallel
• Associative
• Cooperative

6
Kinds of Early Childhood Education Programs

• Day-Care and Nursery Schools
• Compensatory Preschool - Head Start
• History
• Outcomes

7
Elementary Development

• Physical Development
• Growth Rate Slows in Primary
• Growth Rate Spurts in Middle Grades for Girls
• Cognitive Abilities
• Concrete Operational Stage
• Development of Memory
• Development of Cognitive Skills (Conservation,
  Classification, etc.)

8
Elementary Development

• Socioemotional (Psychosocial) Development
• Self-Concept
• Self-Esteem
• Development of Friendships
• Peer Acceptance
• Industry Vs. Inferiority
• The Multidimensional Classroom

9
Middle and High School Development

• Physical
• - Puberty
• Secondary Sex Characteristics
• Sex Differences
• Cognitive
• Intellectual Growth Spurt
• Transition from Concrete to Formal Operations
• Hypothetical-Deductive Reasoning

10
Middle and High School Development

• Socioemotional (Psychosocial)
• Relationship with Peers, Parents and Teachers
• Adolescent Egocentrism
• Identity Vs. Role Confusion
• Try on Masks
• Search the Past
• Pay Attention to How Others View You
• Act on Feelings
• Express Opinions

11
Middle and High School Development

• Marcias Four Identity Statuses (Plus One)
• Foreclosure
• Identity Diffusion
• Negative Identity
• Moratorium
• Identity Achievement (Positive Outcome)

12
Middle and High School Development

• Problems of Adolescence
• Emotional Disorders
• Dropping Out
• Drug and Alcohol Abuse
• Delinquency
• Risk of Pregnancy
• Risk of AIDS