1. Methods of Social Studies

1
1. Methods of Social Studies
2
I. Geography

• A. INTRODUCTION
• -Cultures have adapted (or changed) their
  environment in order
• to meet their needs/wants
• (Monsoons, Terrace Farming)
• - Certain Geographic Features can act as
  natural barriers that
• isolate cultures from other cultures
  
• (Deserts, Mountains, Oceans,
  Islands)
• -Others can help advance trade
• (Navigable Rivers, Natural Resources, Irregular
  Coastlines)
• -Others can hurt a culture
• (Lack of Natural Resources )

3
II. Geographic Themes

• 1)Location
• 2) Place
• 3)Interactions
• 4) Movement
• 5) Region

4
II. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES
1) LOCATION DEFINITION EXACTLY WHERE A
PLACE IS
LOCATED IN THE WORLD A) How Do You Find Your
Location 1) LATITUDE LINES -
MEASURE DISTANCE NORTH AND SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR
(RUN HORIZONTAL OR ACROSS A
MAP) - EQUATOR ( 0 DEGREES
LATITUDE) - STARTING POINT
WHEN DETERMINING LATITUDE -
LINES ABOVE THE EQUATOR ARE NORTH
- LINES BELOW THE EQUATOR ARE SOUTH
5
(No Transcript)
6
II. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES ( Pg. 2)
2) LONGITUDE LINES -MEASURE DISTANCE EAST
AND WEST OF THE PRIME MERIDIAN (RUN
VERTICAL OR UP/DOWN - PRIME MERIDIAN ( O
DEGREES LONGITIUDE) - STARTING POINT WHEN
DETERMINING LONGITUDE - LINES THAT
ARE LEFT OF THE P.M. ARE WEST -LINES THAT
ARE RIGHT OF THE P.M. ARE EAST
7
(No Transcript)
8
B. Types of Maps

• WHEN LOOKING AT A MAP, YOU SHOULD FOCUS ON TWO
  ITEMS
• 1) TITLE OF
  THE MAP
• -Usually located on the top of the Map
• 2) THE MAP
  KEY
• DISPLAYS IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING THE
  MAP
• - WILL HELP TELL WHAT TYPE OF MAP IT IS

9
(No Transcript)
10
B. TYPES OF MAPS (Pg.2)

• 1) PHYSICAL MAP
• ILLUSTRATES THE PHYSICAL FEATURES OF AN AREA
  SUCH AS THE MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, LAKES, AND
  ELEVATION.

11
Physical Map
12
B. TYPES OF MAPS (Pg. 3)

• 2) THEMATIC MAP
• Designed to show a particular theme connected
  with a specific geographic area
• Examples of a Thematic map
• Economic Map, Climatic Map

13
Economic Map
14
Thematic Map
15
B. TYPES OF MAPS (Pg.4)

• 3) POLITICAL MAP
• SHOWS STATE AND NATIONAL BOUNDARIES, NATIONAL
  CAPITALS AND MAJOR CITIES

16
Political Map
17
II. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES (Pg.3)

• 2) PLACE
• DEFINITION PHYSICAL FEATURES OF
• A
  SPECIFIC LOCATION
• PHYSICAL FEATURES-
• LANDFORMS ON THE EARTHS SURFACE
  
  
• EXAMPLES MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, DESERTS, PLAINS

18
II. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES (Pg.4)

• 3) INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PEOPLE AND THEIR
  ENVIRONMENTS
• HOW PEOPLE HAVE BEEN AFFECTED BY
• THEIR ENVIRONMENT AND HOW HAVE
• THEY MODIFIED IT OR ADAPTED TO FIT
• THEIR NEEDS
• EXAMPLES BUILDING DAMS, BRIDGES, CANALS,
• ROADS

19
II. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES (Pg.5)

• 4) MOVEMENT
• PEOPLE MOVING TO DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN
  ORDER TO FULFILL
  THEIR BASIC NEEDS BETTER
• POSITIVES SPREAD OF CULTURE, IDEAS
  AND TRADE
• NEGATIVES SPREAD OF DISEASES
• 5) REGIONS
• AREAS IN THE WORLD WITH SIMILAR
  GEOGRAPIC
• FEATURES
• EXAMPLES MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS,
  DESERTS AND
• CLIMATES

20
III. IMPORTANT CAREERS IN SOCIAL STUDIES

• 1) GEOGRAPHER (GEOGRAPHY)
• 2) CARTOGRAPHER (CARTOGRAPHY)
• 3) ARCHEOLOGIST (ARCHEOLOGY)
• 4) ANTHROPOLOGIST (ANTHROPOLOGY)
• 5) ECONOMIST (ECONOMICS)
• 6) POLITICAL SCIENTIST (POLITICAL SYSTEMS)
• 7) SOCIOLOGISTS (SOCIOLOGY)

21
IV) RESOURCES TO LOCATE INFORMATION

• Primary Sources
• - FIRST-HAND ACCOUNT OF
  SOMETHING THAT
• HAPPENED
  (ORIGINAL DOCUMENT)
• EXAMPLES MEMOIRS, LETTERS, INTERVIEWS,
• AUTOBIOGRAPHIES,
  DIARIES, POLITICAL
• CARTOONS, CHARTS, LINE
  GRAPHS, BAR
• GRAPHS, MANUALS,
  ALMANACS

22
Ex Political Cartoon
23
Ex Chart
24
Ex Line Graph
25
Ex Bar Graph
26
IV) RESOURCES TO LOCATE INFORMATION ( Pg 2)

• 2) Secondary Sources
• -Created by someone who was not
  directly
• involved in the event
• (Description of a Primary Source)
• EXAMPLES ENCYCLOPEDIA, JOURNAL ARTICLES,
• TEXTBOOKS, PERIODICALS

27
V. Types of Economies

• 1) Traditional Economies
• -Early Civilizations based on agriculture
  and the
• barter system
• 2) Market Economies
• -Free of Government Control
  (Supply/Demand)
• 3) Command Economies
• -Controlled by the Government
• 4) Mixed Economies
• -Mixture of Market/Command

28
VI. Types of Governments

• 1) Theocracy
• -Controlled by religious individuals
  (Early Civilizations)
• 2) Oligarchy (Aristocracy)
• -Controlled by small groups of people
  (Early Civilizations)
• 3) Direct Democracy
• -Citizens vote on all laws (Greece)
• 4) Republic
• -Citizens elect Representatives (Rome)

29
VI. Types of Governments (Pg.2)

• 5)Feudalism
• -Contract between Lord/Vassals
• (European Middle Ages/Feudal
  Japan)
• 6)Absolute Monarchies
• -Total Control of their Citizens lives
  (Western Europe)
• 7)Limited Monarchies
• -Government controls that limit a
  monarchs power
• (England)