Teen Health Course 3

1
Chapter 19 NoncommunicableDiseases
Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
Click for
gtgt Main Menu
gtgt Chapter 19 Assessment
Teachers notes are available in the notes
section of this presentation.
Next gtgt
2
A disease that prevents the body from converting
food into energy

• diabetes

A protein made in the pancreas that regulates the
level of glucose in the blood

• insulin

A condition in which the immune system attacks
insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

• type 1diabetes

A condition in which the body cannot effectively
use the insulin it produces

• type 2diabetes

3
A disease of the joints marked by a painful
swelling and stiffness

• arthritis

A chronic disease that results from a breakdown
in cartilage in the joints

• osteoarthritis

A chronic disease characterized by pain,
inflammation, swelling, and stiffness of the
joints

• rheumatoidarthritis

4

• In this lesson, you will learn to
• describe the different types of diabetes.
• identify different types of arthritis.
• explain how to manage diabetes and arthritis.

5
Organizing Information Create a table that helps
you sort the information about diabetes and
arthritis that appears in this lesson.
6
What Is Diabetes?

• People who have diabetes are referred to as
  diabetics.

diabetes A disease that prevents the body from
converting food into energy
7
What Is Diabetes?

• Diabetics bodies do not produce or properly use
  insulin.

insulin A protein made in the pancreases that
regulates the level of glucose in the blood
Your body uses insulin to convert the food you
eat into the energy that your bodys cells need.
8
What Is Diabetes?
Your body breaks down food into glucose, a
simple sugar.
Diabetics either do not produce enough natural
insulin, or cannot properly use their insulin to
move glucose into their cells.
The pancreas releases insulin, which allows
glucose from the blood to enter cells throughout
the body.
9
Types of Diabetes

• Type 1 diabetes often starts in childhood.

Type 1 diabetes A condition in which the immune
system attacks insulin-producing cells in the
pancreas
When the cells that produce insulin are killed,
the body cannot control how much glucose is in
the bloodstream.
10
Types of Diabetes

• Type 2 diabetes usually starts in adulthood, but
  it is becoming more and more common among
  children and teens.

Type 2 diabetes A condition in which the body
cannot effectively use the insulin it produces
Obese people and physically inactive people are
especially at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.
11
Managing Diabetes

• People with Type 1 diabetes usually need to
  regularly inject insulin into their bodies.
• Or, they may receive insulin from a pump attached
  to their bodies.

12
Managing Diabetes

• People with Type 2 may also need insulin or other
  medications.
• People with either type of diabetes can help
  control their disease by making healthy food
  choices, managing their weight, and becoming
  physically active.

13
What Is Arthritis?

• More than 40 million people in the United States
  have arthritis.

arthritis A disease of the joints marked by
painful swelling and stiffness
This disease is usually linked to older adults,
but even children can get arthritis.
14
Osteoarthritis

• Osteoarthritis most often affects the knees and
  hips.

osteoarthritis A chronic disease that results
from a breakdown in cartilage in the joints
When cartilage wears down, the bones in the
joints rub against each other, causing pain in
the joint, swelling, and morning stiffness.
15
Rheumatoid Arthritis

• Rheumatoid arthritis develops when the immune
  system attacks healthy joint tissue.

rheumatoid arthritis A chronic disease
characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling,
and stiffness of the joints
The joints affected by this disease often become
deformed and no longer function normally.
16
Managing Arthritis
PhysicalActivity andRest
A BalancedEating Plan
JointProtection
Heat and ColdTreatments
Medication
Massage
Surgery and JointReplacement
17
Lesson 4 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary What is arthritis?
18
Lesson 4 Review
What I Learned
Describe Describe the two different types of
diabetes.
19
Lesson 4 Review
What I Learned
Explain What often happens to a joint affected
by rheumatoid arthritis?
20
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking Critically
Analysis What do type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid
arthritis have in common?
21
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking Critically
Evaluation Based on what you know about
arthritis, how can you help someone with
arthritis manage the disease?
22
End of
Chapter 19 NoncommunicableDiseases
Lesson 4 Diabetes and Arthritis
Click for
gtgt Main Menu
gtgt Chapter 19 Assessment