SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION APPROACHES TO ACCULTURATION

1
SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION APPROACHES TO ACCULTURATION
2
LECTURE OUTLINE

• Social identification approach
• What is identity and how does it change?
• Shifting identity
• Maintaining identity
• Models of identity and acculturation
• Unidimensional
• Balance
• Orthogonal and categorical

3
LECTURE OUTLINE (cont)

• Berrys model of acculturation
• Acculturation and adaptation
• Interactive model of acculturation
• Prejudice and discrimination
• Applications of social identification theories
• ABCs of acculturation

4
Social Identification Identity Intergroup
relations
5
Ethno-cultural identity recognition,
categorization and self identification as a
member of an ethno-cultural group
6
Ethno-cultural Identity includes
belongingness centrality evaluation
tradition
7
Shifting Identity

• Age
• Gender
• Generation
• Intercultural contact

8
Maintaining Identity

• Age
• Gender
• Generation
• Intercultural contact

9
Unidimensional Model of Acculturation
HERITAGE CULTURE
HOST CULTURE
10
Balance Model of Acculturation
Host Culture
Heritage Culture
Biculturalism
11
CATEGORICAL MODEL OF ACCULTURATION Question 1
Is it important to maintain cultural
identity? Question 2 Is it important to
maintain positive relations with other
groups? Q1. yes no yes Q2. no

Integration Assimilation
Separation Marginalisation
12
Integration strategy preferred by
immigrants associated with positive
psychological and social outcomes
13
INTERNATIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ETHNO-CULTURAL
YOUTH

• Participating countries United States, Canada,
  Finland, Norway, Sweden, Great Britain,
  Netherlands, Germany, Portugal, France, Israel,
  Australia, New Zealand
• Participants Over 6000 native born and
  immigrant students, 14-18 years old
• NZ sample Pakeha, Maori, Pacific Nation,
  Chinese

14
Preference for Acculturation Strategies In
Pacific Nation and Chinese Students
15
Integration and Adaptation in Immigrant groups

• PACIFIC NATION
• School Adjustment ( r .18)
• CHINESE
• Life satisfaction (r .23)
• Behavioural Problems (r -.30)

16
NZ Diplomats
Psychological Adaptation Co-national
identification associated with less
depression Integrated were less depressed than
assimilated Sociocultural Adaptation Host
national identification associated with fewer
social difficulties Assimilated and integrated
had less social difficulties than marginalized
who had less difficulties than separated
17
Interactive Acculturation Model (Bourhis)

• Integration
• Assimilation
• Segregation (Separation)
• Exclusion (Marginalization)
• Individualism (Marginalization)

18
Interactive Acculturation Model Immigrant
Community Host Community
Integration Assimilation Separation Anomie
Individualism Integration Consensual
Problematic Conflictual Problematic
Problematic Assimilation Problematic
Consensual Conflictual Problematic Problematic
Segregation Conflictual
Conflictual Conflictual Conflictual Conflictual
Exclusion Conflictual
Conflictual Conflictual Conflictual Conflictual
Individualism Problematic
Problematic Problematic Problematic Consensual
19
Preference for Acculturation Strategies In NZ
Pakeha, Maori, Pacific Nation and Chinese Students
20
Attitudes toward Migrants (105 Maori and 213
non-Maori) 65 overall preferred
integration but 56 Maori favored exclusion
and 41 integration
21
Applicationsprogrammes for facilitating
integration and enhancing intergroup relations
22
ABCs of Acculturation
AFFECT STRESS AND COPING THEORIES
BEHAVIOUR CULTURE LEARNING THEORIES
Processes involved in coping with cultural change
Affective Outcomes Psychological Adjustment
Behavioral Outcomes Sociocultural Adaptation
Processes involved in acquiring specific skills
Cognitive Outcomes Cultural Identity and
Intergroup Perceptions
Processes involved in developing, changing and
maintaining identity
COGNITIONS SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION THEORIES