Beginning of Medieval Europe (9, 12d, 12a)

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Chapter 13

• Beginning of Medieval Europe (9, 12d, 12a)

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Roman empire destroyed by invasions of Germanic
peoples

• Disruption of Trade
• Downfall of Cities
• Population Shifts
• Decline of Learning
• Loss of common language

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Foundations of Early Medieval society

• Classical heritage of Rome
• Christian beliefs Unified Europe
• Customs of Germanic tribes

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Influence of the Roman Catholic Church

• Roman authority declined, while church authority
  grew
• Monasteries preserved Greco-Roman Cultural
  achievements
• Missionaries carried Christianity and Latin
  alphabet to Germanic tribes
• Pope anointed Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor
  800AD
• Parish Priests served religious and social needs
  of the people

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Feudal society (political organization)

• Europe in Chaos! We need PROTECTION!
• Fief piece of land given from lord to his
  vassal, called a manor
• Vassals people who serve their lord
• Serfs a.k.a. peasants, people who work on fiefs
• Feudal obligations
• Vassal pay taxes to lord, military service
• Lord protect his vassal

Money goes up Protection goes down.
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Manorial system (economy)

• Rigid Class structure
• Self-sufficient manors

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Age of Charlemagne

• Franks, Gallic tribe, emerge as a force in
  Western Europe
• Pope crowned the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
  Power of the Church established in political
  life
• Roman Cultural was revived

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After Charlemagne

• Son, Louis, was not a strong king
• Louis had three sons
• Lothair
• Charles the Bald
• Louis the German
• They fought each other
• Eventually divided Charlemagne's kingdom into
  three halves at the Treaty of Verdun

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• Video Europe after the Fall of Rome

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Section 2 Feudalism in Europe

• New Invasions Trouble Europe
• Vikings
• Causes
• Overpopulation
• Lack of land at home
• Desire for free stuff
• Used Long Boats to raid around Europe
• Terrorized villages along coast
• Also explored
• Leif Ericson even reached North America around
  1000 A.D.
• Magyars and Muslims
• Contributed to chaos
• Grabbed people to sell as slaves
• Video Vikings Warriors

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Section 3 The age of Chivalry

• Horseback Two inventions
• Saddle
• Stirrups
• Knights
• Served their lords in return for fiefs of land
• Time spent in training for battle

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Chivalry

• Knightly code of conduct
• Respect for Ladies
• Reverence to God
• Loyalty to sworn lord
• Glory in battle and tournaments

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Chivalry cont.

• Knights must maintain character standards or be
  punished
• Knights competed in tournaments to show off their
  skillz
• Warfare was terrible p.329

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Knightly Literature

• Epic Poetry in Medieval times
• Idealize chivalry and Knighthood
• Praised heroic deeds and adventures
• King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table
• Charlemagne's battles
• Song of Rolan p. 330
• Troubadours
• Sang epic songs with a lute (simple guitar)
• Themes of Love and Loyalty
• To lord
• To lady