Postcolonialism 3: Nation, Culture

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Postcolonialism 3 Nation, Culture Identity

• ????????

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Outline

• National Longing for Form
• National Identity and Immigrants
• Narration of Nation (1) Taiwans Nationalisms
  National Signs
• Nation and Identity 3 examples
• ????
• ????
• ???
• Conclusion Is nation to be gotten rid of?
• References

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National Longing for Form

• Nation defined
• (1) Ancient nation vs. modern nation states since
  late 18th century.
• Nation without State -- Palestinians
• State without Nation -- Taiwan
• What is the defining element of a nation? Race?
  Culture? History? Government? Geographical
  Boundaries? Or is there any?
• (2) Nation is 1. an imagined community 2.
  Limited, 3. Sovereign globalization
• (Cf. Benedict Anderson Imagined Communities
  textbook 170-71)

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National Longing for Form (2)

• 2. Nation Constructed
• Anderson Nation as an imagined community How?
• print capitalism ? popularity of books
  newspapers
• ? sense of simultaneity, togetherness and
  commonality (e.g.values).
• ? exclusion of aliens.
• Examples
• -- In the meantime in Victorian novels
• -- newspapers ? calendrical, homogeneous, empty
  time
• -- The use of map in weather broadcast.

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National Longing for Form (3)

• 3. Ways of Construction
• H. Bhabha pedagogical and performative ways of
  narrating a nation. (textbook 106) the former
  constructs a continuous history, and the latter
  uses disparate signs.
• e.g. The pedagogical ??(???????)???????????(?????
  ?)
• The performative? signs of nation
  ????????????????????????????????(????Uncle
  Sam?????????)???(?????)

How can national identity be natural or unified?
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National Longing for Form(4)

• 3. Ways of Construction (2)
• Elements of a nation
• System Control state apparatus ???? (e.g.
  education, church), laws (???????????????)
• ?????? or Emotional influence history, culture,
  people, nationalist ideologies (e.g. ?????????)
• e.g. Methods of producing the people family
  (?/?), education(????), force(?????), analogy of
  religion (?????), fictive ethnicity (????)

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National Identity Immigrants

• National identity two kinds the collective and
  personal
• e.g. collective identity -- U.S.s many into
  one (melting pot) Canada unity in disunity
  (mosaic).
• An immigrants national identity may be different
  from his/her cultural identity.
• Exclusion or discrimination of the Other.
• Bhabha ?????????????1) Hybridity vs. national
  unity 2) ???????

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A nations Other
Self-Othering She brings to life . . serenity
and peace . . .

Inventiveness of your people, instant coffee and
your telephone system
Source OBarr pp. 167-68.
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A nations Other on national landscape (2)
I thought I liked the Lake District, where I
wandered lonely as a Black face in a sea of
white.

Source Mitchell pp. 260-61 online versions
http//www.autograph-abp.co.uk/gallery/pol.html .

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Taiwans Changing Signs of Nationalism
???? ?????,????
1971 ?????????? 1975 ????? 1979 ???? 1973 ?????? 1979 ???1979/12????? 1983 ??????? 1988 ????? 1992 ???? ????228 1945 e.g. ????
1971 ?????????? 1975 ????? 1979 ???? 1973 ?????? 1979 ???1979/12????? 1983 ??????? 1988 ????? 1992 ???? ?????? 1950-60 e.g. ??????? ????, 1960 ??????
1971 ?????????? 1975 ????? 1979 ???? 1973 ?????? 1979 ???1979/12????? 1983 ??????? 1988 ????? 1992 ???? ??????? ?????? 1970-87 e.g ????????, ???
1971 ?????????? 1975 ????? 1979 ???? 1973 ?????? 1979 ???1979/12????? 1983 ??????? 1988 ????? 1992 ???? ????????????? 1987 e.g.1988 ???????
???? vs. ????
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Taiwans Changing Signs of Nation Nationalism
(2)
????? ???? ????? vs. ????? ??????????
1945 e.g. ???? ??
1950-60 e.g. ??????? 1960 ?????? (??????,??,????) ????????? ????
1970-87 e.g. ?????????? ????lt????gt
1987 e.g.1988 ??????? 1997????(http//www.china-tide.org.tw/history/knowtw_main.htm ) ???--?????????
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Example 1 ???? (source)

• ??lt??gt?????????
• ???????1977/1/1,???????????,??????????????????????
  ????
• Vague sense of Chinese-ness ??????????????????,?
  ??????????,???????
• Idealism ??????????????????????????,???,????????
  ??????????,???????????????,??????????????,????????
  ??????, ,???,?????????????

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???? (source)

• Taiwan as a temporary stop Longing for China
  ????,???????????????,?????,?????????,??????,??????
  ???????????????.
• ??????????,???????,?????????,????,?????????????
  ????????????,????,????????????????????????,????,??
  ??????
• lt???????????gt,???,?????22????,pp. 130, 142-45.

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Example 2 ????-??? vs. ???

• ?ROC
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• Orig --ambiguous national identity
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Source???
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???(????) 

• Orig
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???(????) 

• Rap now here's a story that'll make u cry
  straight from Taiwan they came just a girl a
  homeboy in no no job no speak no English nobody
  gonna give'im the time of day in a city so cold
  they made a wish then they had the strength 2
  graduate w/honor borrowed 50 just 2 consummate
  a marriage under GOD who never left their side
  gave their children pride raise your voices high
  will never die never die.

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???

• ??????????,?????????,????????,???????
  ,??????????????????,????????????????????,

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Example 3 ???

• ??e.g. ? (???????????) ?????/???
  from?????1989/12/?????
• 2. ????

• 3. ??????
• ??????e.g.
• ????????? ?? ?????????
• 4. ????

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?????????

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  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????(source)

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????? ?????

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• From ??

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• ?????????? --?????!
• from ??2000 1994/11/11

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Is Nation to be gotten rid of?
Culture War by Ron English 1997
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References

• ?????????? http//www.eng.fju.edu.tw/Literary_Crit
  icism/postcolonism/nation.html
• ???????????19751997. ??, 1999.
• ??????? (http//www.china-tide.org.tw/history/land
  .htm )
• Includes ??????????????,??????????????????????/??
  ?
• ??????????? http//www.fl.nctu.edu.tw/joyceliu/Ta
  iwanLit/bg_data/Y.R.Chen.htm
• ???.  ?????????1970???????????.  ??????,1994.
  
• ?????http//members.tripod.com/ol_t/index.html
• OBarr, William M. Culture and the Ad Exploring
  Othernesss in the World of Advertising. Oxford
  Westview, 1994.
• Michell, Don. Cultural Geography A Critical
  Introduction. Oxford Blackwell, 2000.