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Chapter Overview

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Chapter Overview The Right Tools for the Job Planning and Performing Regular Maintenance Maintaining the Windows System Environment Assembling a Complete Toolkit Good ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter Overview


1
Chapter Overview
  • The Right Tools for the Job
  • Planning and Performing Regular Maintenance
  • Maintaining the Windows System Environment

2
Assembling a Complete Toolkit
  • Good preparation can save hours of guessing and
    frustration.
  • A complete toolkit includes the following
  • Hardware toolkit
  • Software toolkit
  • Spare parts
  • Technical library

3
Hardware Toolkit
  • Screwdrivers
  • Torx driver
  • Nut driver
  • Tweezers
  • Needlenose pliers
  • Chip removers
  • Tube or plastic bag
  • Compressed air
  • Electrostatic discharge (ESD) tools
  • Multimeter
  • Flashlight
  • Hemostats
  • Power-on self test (POST) card
  • Laptop computer and phone cord
  • Blank floppy disks

4
Software Toolkit
  • Bootable floppy disk with essential files
  • Additional files on disk as needed
  • Operating system disks
  • Software utilities

5
Spare Parts
  • Power supply
  • 1.44-MB floppy disk drive
  • Display card
  • Cables
  • Goodie bag

6
Technical Library
  • Documentation and manuals
  • Notes and research from previous jobs and
    technical training
  • Other resources, such as Microsoft TechNet

7
Outside Resources
  • Attend seminars and get further technical
    training.
  • Network with colleagues, using e-mail and
    newsgroups.
  • Search the World Wide Web.
  • Locate private Internet forums specific to your
    interests.
  • Practice to keep your skills sharp.
  • Read technical books, magazines, and
    e-zines.

8
Technical Support
  • Telephone
  • Generally for novice and home users
  • More effective if you have the problem computer
    in front of you when you call
  • Usually provided free for a limited time only
  • Online
  • Web sites
  • Online forums
  • Troubleshooting wizards

9
Working Safely
10
Power and Safety
  • Power is the primary safety hazard in servicing
    computers.
  • ESD can destroy sensitive equipment.
  • A properly grounded computer prevents
    transmission of electromagnetic interference
    (EMI).
  • High voltages often exist in power supplies and
    monitors.

11
Guidelines when Working with Computer Equipment
  • Avoid wearing jewelry.
  • Do not use liquids around electrical equipment.
  • Do not use 3 prong-to-2 prong power plug
    adapters.
  • Replace worn or damaged power cords immediately.
  • Do not rest anything on a power cord.
  • Avoid using extension cords.
  • Keep electrical covers intact.
  • Keep air vents clear.
  • Do not remove covers from high-voltage items
    unless absolutely necessary.

12
Fire
  • If a fire is not extinguished within 30 seconds,
    exit the building and then call for help.
  • Know the emergency procedures at your workplace.
  • Know the nearest fire exits and the location of
    fire extinguishers.
  • Know how to use the right fire extinguishers for
    each type of fire.
  • Avoid overloading electrical outlets.

13
Environmental Issues
  • Batteries
  • Toner and cartridge kits
  • Circuit boards
  • Chemical solvents
  • Monitors (cathode-ray tubes, or CRTs)

14
Developing Maintenance Plans and Procedures
  • Develop and document logical plans and procedures
    for every class of computer and operating system
    in your organization.
  • Develop a regular maintenance plan.
  • Automate tasks where possible.
  • Keep proper records.

15
Cleaning
  • A computer-friendly environment is basically
    dust-free, smoke-free, well-ventilated, and
    temperature- and humidity-controlled.
  • Clean noncomputer-friendly areas more
    frequently.
  • Try to improve noncomputer-friendly
    environments.
  • Assemble a basic cleaning kit.

16
Monitors
  • Periodically clean and dust monitors.
  • Use simple cleaning solutions such as one drop of
    dishwashing liquid in one quart of water.
  • Do not use sprays, solvents, or commercial
    cleansers.
  • Use a screen saver or power-conservation
    features.
  • Do not work inside a monitor cabinet unless
    specifically trained.
  • Do not change settings or operate the monitor
    with the cover removed.

17
Hard Disk Drives
  • Avoid rough handling.
  • Do not move the hard disk drive while platters
    are spinning.
  • Do not expose hard disk drive internals to open
    air and dust.
  • Perform regular data backups and disk maintenance
    tasks.

18
Floppy Disk Drives
  • Guard against environmental and mechanical
    damage.
  • Replace rather than fix floppy disk drives.
  • Do not expose disks to magnets.
  • Do not touch the surface of a floppy disk.
  • Avoid smoking near a computer.
  • Clean read/write heads with special head-cleaning
    disks and solutions.

19
Keyboards and Pointing Devices
  • Keep keyboards and pointing devices clean to
    prolong their life.
  • Avoid drinks around keyboards.
  • Use a handheld vacuum to clean dust from keyboard
    crevices.
  • Avoid spray cleaners.
  • Remove the ball of a mouse or trackball and clean
    the rollers.
  • Avoid touching the end of a light pen.

20
Dot-Matrix Printers
  • Adjust print-head spacing and tension on the
    print-head positioning belt.
  • Clean the print head, roller surfaces, platen,
    and gear train of the paper-handling motor.
  • Lubricate gears with light oil on a foam swab and
    turn the platen to distribute oil.
  • Lubricate rails with light oil and move the
    carriage assembly to distribute oil.

21
Ink-Jet Printers
  • Adjust the print-head spacing and tension on the
    print-head positioning belt.
  • Clean the printer and its mechanisms, roller
    surfaces, the platen, the ink-jet print head, and
    the gear train of the paper-handling motor.
  • Lubricate gears with light oil on a foam swab and
    turn the platen to distribute oil.
  • Lubricate rails with light oil and move the
    carriage assembly to distribute oil.

22
Laser Printers
  • Vacuum to remove dust and toner buildup from the
    interior.
  • Clean rollers with a damp cloth and clean the
    gear train with a foam swab.
  • Lubricate gears with light oil and distribute oil
    through the gear train.
  • Clean the writing mechanism thoroughly with
    compressed air.
  • Wipe the laser lens with lint-free wipes to
    remove fingerprints and stains.
  • Clean the corona wires with a foam swab dipped in
    alcohol.

23
Preventive Maintenance Schedule
24
Preventive Maintenance Schedule (Cont.)
25
Types of Viruses
  • File infectors
  • Boot sector viruses
  • Trojan horses
  • Macro viruses
  • Polymorphic viruses

26
Guidelines for Antivirus Programs
  • Get the right version for the operating system.
  • Consider enabling the basic input/output system
    (BIOS) setting that disables boot-sector writes.
  • Use caution with unknown floppy disks and
    computers.
  • When connected to the Internet, run an antivirus
    program at all times.
  • When loading programs, trust no one.
  • Keep the antivirus program updated.

27
Disk Cleanup
28
Using Scandisk for Drive Integrity
29
Organizing Files with Disk Defragmenter
30
File Backups
  • Data loss is inevitable because drives fail and
    critical files become corrupt.
  • Developing a good backup plan is one of your most
    valuable services.
  • Automating backups wherever possible ensures that
    they happen.
  • Microsoft Windows ships with a built-in backup
    program.
  • You can back up to tape, another hard disk drive,
    or removable media.

31
Backup Types
32
Backup Plan Issues
  • Select hardware based on the amount of data and
    frequency of backup.
  • Use different backup types to balance backup and
    restore times.
  • Use normal backup at regular intervals, with
    incremental or differential backups between
    normal backups.

33
Backup Plan Gotchas
  • Store backup copies in a safe, environmentally
    sound location.
  • Make sure copies are secure.
  • Keep long-term backups as protection against
    virus attacks.
  • Make sure that critical files are not open at
    backup time.
  • Make sure that new backup components work with
    old backup copies.

34
Using Windows Backup Tools
35
Backing Up Registry and Core System Files
  • In Microsoft Windows 2000 and Microsoft Windows
    NT, select the System State option.
  • This option requires proper permissions.
  • System state data can only be backed up locally.
  • In Microsoft Windows 98 and Microsoft Windows Me,
    use the Registry Checker command-line
    application.

36
The Windows System File Checker
  • Tracks changes to all system files and ensures
    that any replacement files are valid
  • Notifies the system administrator when improper
    file replacement is attempted
  • Verifies the integrity of system files
  • Extracts and replaces corrupt or missing files

37
Creating ERDs and Startup Disks
  • All Windows 98 installations should have a
    startup floppy disk.
  • The same startup floppy disk can be used on
    multiple computers.
  • A startup disk can be created using Add/Remove
    Programs in Control Panel.
  • All Microsoft Windows 2000 installations should
    have an ERD.
  • An ERD can be used only on the computer it was
    created for.
  • An ERD can be created using the Windows 2000
    backup utility.

38
Chapter Summary
  • Assemble a complete toolkit.
  • Advance your skills.
  • Practice preventive maintenance.
  • Develop a backup plan.
  • Protect against viruses.
  • Regularly test, repair, and defragment the hard
    disk drive and the file system.
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