Title: The Rise of the Oligarchs
1The Rise of the Oligarchs
The most well-known example of businesspolitics
interaction was established in Russia during the
Yeltsin presidency. Then, a handful of bankers
and industrialists supporting Boris Yeltsins
bid for re-election, gained in exchange for their
material help direct access to the design of key
economic reforms, especially privatization. S.
Hedlund, Russias Market Economy. A Bad Case of
Predatory Capitalism (London UCL Press, 1999)
and H. Schrode, Eltsin and the Oligarchs the
Role of Financial Groups in Russian Politics
between 1993 and July 1998, EuropeAsia Studies,
Vol.51, No.6 (1999), pp.95788.
2The example of Ukraine
- The emergence of an oligarchy in Ukraine is the
product of the degeneration of the political
regime towards authoritarianism and the nature of
the economic transition. - Economic reforms were slow and uncertain.
- Political reforms strengthened the presidency and
the presidential administration. Extraordinary
powers were granted to President Leonid Kuchma -
but they did not produce a coherent economic
transformation.
3Leonid
4The Inner Circle
- It has been estimated that in the months
following Kuchmas election in 1994, something
like 206 apparatchiki moved from Dnipropetrovsk
to Kyiv to occupy key positions in the state
administration and control the process of
resource allocation. The core of the clan was
composed of some 200 individuals, among whom were
figures like the future Prime Minister Valeryi
Pustoyvotenko, Volodymyr Horbulin, secretary of
the National Security and Defence Council, and
Serhiy Tyhypko (...)
5Serhii Tyhypko
- // 12.02.2010
Election bronze prize winner
- Tyhypko ready to
become Prime Minister - under President Yanukovych
- MIGnews.com.ua
- Serhii Tyhypko, the leader of the Strong Ukraine
(Sylna Ukrayina) party, who ranked number three
in the 17 January presidential election, is ready
to become Prime Minister if President Victor
Yanukovych brings forward such a proposal to him,
Ukrainian News reports. Serhii Tyhypko told about
that in an interview with the Segodnya newspaper. - "Yes. I would not lay down any special
conditions, but only give me the opportunity to
put reforms into practice, - http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azarov_Government
6The Economic Connection
- The example of Kryvorizhstal
- Privatization in June 2004 for 800 Mio to a
consortium called Investment-Metallurgical Union.
This consortium was made up of Rinat Achmetov
(SCM-group) and the Interpipe Group (Viktor
Pinchuk, son-in-law of Leonid Kuchma) under
Yushchenko, the company was re-selled to the
Indian (Arcelor)Mittal-Steel Group. - http//ukrainianguide.com/5-wealthiest-ukrainian-o
ligarchs/3/
7Oligarchen komparativ
- During the dissolution of the Soviet Union,
certain well-placed individuals were able to
leverage their knowledge and connections to
control a large share of the industrial and
natural ressources. These people came to be known
as oligarchs. - Current and past Ukrainian oligarchs include
- Rinat Akhmetov (Donetsk)
- Ihor Kolomoiskyi (Dnipropetrovsk)
- Viktor Medvedchuk (Kyiv)
- Viktor Pinchuk (Dnipropetrovsk)
- Hryhorii Surkis (Kyiv)
- Serhii Tihipko (Dnipropetrovsk)
- Yulia Tymoshenko
- Oleksandr Volkov
8Oligarchen komparativ
- During the dissolution of the Soviet Union,
certain well-placed individuals were able to
leverage their knowledge and connections to
control a large share of the industrial and
natural ressources. These people came to be known
as oligarchs. - Current and past Ukrainian oligarchs include
- Rinat Akhmetov (Donetsk)
- Ihor Kolomoiskyi (Dnipropetrovsk)
- Viktor Medvedchuk (Kyiv)
- Viktor Pinchuk (Dnipropetrovsk)
- Hryhorii Surkis (Kyiv)
- Serhii Tihipko (Dnipropetrovsk)
- Yulia Tymoshenko
- Oleksandr Volkov
9Oligarchen komparativ
- The Ukrainian oligarchs are comparable to their
better-known Russian oligarch counterparts - Boris Berezovsky
- Anatoly Chubais
- Vladimir Gusinsky
- Mikhail Khodorkovsky
- Yuri Luzhkov
- Boris Berezovsky in particular was linked to
significant investments in Ukraine. - The Russian oligarchs are being superseded by
"siloviki" (strongmen) linked to the former KGB. - David Hoffman (2002) "The Oligarchs" Public
Affairs Perseus
10Lage der Nation
- http//www.drs2.ch/www/de/drs2/sendungen/rendez-vo
us/de/drs2/sendungen/rendez-vous/2753.bt10160262.h
tml - http//www.tymoshenko.ua/en/article/yulia_tymoshen
ko_holodomor
11Staatswirtschaft I
- Das Beispiel Energie / Russland
- Yukos
- Gazprom
- http//www.nytimes.com/2007/04/04/business/worldbu
siness/04iht-yukos.4.5148561.html - http//www.wiwo.de/unternehmen-maerkte/gazprom-ode
r-die-putin-ag-372182/
12Staatswirtschaft II
- Das Beispiel Energie / Russland Einfluss im
Ausland - Ukraine RosUkrEnergo
- Ungarn MOL
- Polen PKNOrlen
- Slowakei Slovtrans
- http//www.unian.net/eng/news/news-241453.html
- http//de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russisch-ukrainischer
_Gasstreit - Anita Orban (2008) Power, Energy, and the New
Russian Imperialism, Praeger
13Gasleitungen Europa
14Blue Stream
15South Stream/Nabucco