Ch. 16- Section 2: Behavioral Interactions

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Ch. 16- Section 2Behavioral Interactions

• Note-taking Worksheet

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Social behaviors are interactions among organisms
of the same species.
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Social behaviors include

• Courtship and mating
• Caring for young
• Claiming territories
• Protecting each other
• Getting food

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A society is a group of animals of the same
species living and working together in an
organized way.
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Quiz Time Questions

1. Name one social behavior.
2. What are social behaviors?
3. A group of animals of the same species living and
   working together in an organized way is known as
   a ________.

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Territorial Behavior

• A territory is an area that an animal defends
  from other members of the same species.

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Territorial behavior occurs in different ways.
Examples Animal sounds, scents, patrol and
attack.
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Why do animals defend their territories?

• Territories contain food, shelter, and potential
  mates in which the animal wants to control.
  Defending a territory is an instinctive behavior.

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Aggression is a forceful behavior used to
dominate and control another animal.
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Submission is used by an animal of the same
species to aviod attack and injury.
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Quiz Time Questions

1. What are some examples of territorial behaviors?
2. How does territorial behavior help organisms to
   survive?
3. ________ is when an animal uses forceful behavior
   to dominate another animal, and ________ is used
   by an animal to avoid attack.
4. What are the three main reasons an animal will
   defend its territory?

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Communication

• Communication is an action by the sender that
  influences the behavior of the receiver.

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There are many different forms of communication
such as with sound, scents, actions, alarm calls,
chemicals, speech, courtship behavior and
aggression.
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Courtship behavior allows male female members
of a species to recognize each other. These
behaviors help to ensure reproduction success.
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Chemical communication occurs when an animal uses
a pheromone which is a chemical that influences
the behavior of another animal of the same
species.
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Sound communication can be heard in many
different forms. A few examples are crickets
chirping, mosquitos buzzing, rabbits thumping,
gorillas pounding chests, beavers slapping tails.
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Certain kinds of animals communicate by light or
bioluminescents. These lights are produced
through chemical reactions.
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Quiz Time Questions

1. _________ is an action by the sender that
   influences the behavior of the receiver.
2. How are bioluminescents produced?
3. What are pheromones used for?
4. What is it that allows male and female members of
   the same species to recognize each other?

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Cyclic Behavior

• A cyclic behavior is an innate behavior that
  occurs in a repeating pattern.

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Circadian rhythm is based on a 24-hour cycle.
Most animals come close to this 24 hour cycle.

• Animals that are awake during the day are diurnal
  while animals active at night are nocturnal.

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Hibernation is a cyclic response to cold
temperatures and limited food supplies.

• The following things occur when an animal
  hibernate body temperature drops, breathing rate
  reduced, animals survive on a reserve of body fat.

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Estivation is a period of reduced activity. When
temperatures are extreme or there is a lack of
food or drought, animals will estivate. Example
snails
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Instead of hibernating, many birds and mammals
move to a new location when seasons change. This
seasonal movement is called migration. Animals
migrate to find food and many times to reproduce.
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Quiz Time Questions

1. An innate behavior that occurs in a repeating
   pattern is called a _____________.
2. What is the difference between hibernation and
   migration?
3. What is the difference between nocturnal and
   diurnal?