Eyewitness Identification

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Eyewitness Identification

• Georgia Public Safety Training Center
• 1000 Indian Springs Drive
• Forsyth, GA 31029

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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act

• A Resolution
• Title 35 of the Official Code of Georgia
  Annotated, Chapter 1
• Title 17 of the Official Code of Georgia
  Annotated, Chapter 4

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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act
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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act
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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act
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TERMS

• PEACE OFFICER

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TERMS

• IN-SERVICE

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TERMS

• SUSPECT

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TERMS

• ADMINISTRATOR

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TERMS

• NEUTRAL INDEPENDENT ADMINISTRATOR

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TERMS

• SIMULTANEOUS IDENTIFICATION

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TERMS

• SEQUENTIAL IDENTIFICAION

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TERMS

• SHOWUP

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TERMS

• PHYSICAL LINEUP

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TERMS

• PHOTOGRAPHIC LINEUP

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TERMS

• FILLER

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Georgia Peace Officers

• OCGA Title 35-8-9
• Basic course of instruction

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Georgia Law Enforcement HandbookCriminal Law
Procedure

• Chapter 6, Pre-Trial Identification

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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act
12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia
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Georgia Law Enforcement HandbookCriminal Law
Procedure

• Pre-Trial Identification
• Chapter 6-4 Lineups (Physical Lineup)

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Georgia Law Enforcement HandbookCriminal Law
Procedure

• Pre-Trial Identification
• Chapter 6-4 Lineups (Physical Lineup)

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Georgia Law Enforcement HandbookCriminal Law
Procedure

• Pre-Trial Identification
• Chapter 6-5 Showups

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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act
12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia
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Georgia Law Enforcement HandbookCriminal Law
Procedure

• Pre-Trial Identification
• Chapter 6-6 Picture Identification (Photographic
  Lineup)

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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act
12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia
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Georgia Law Enforcement HandbookCriminal Law
Procedure

• Pre-Trial Identification
• Chapter 6-7 Presence of counsel

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Witness Identification Accuracy Enhancement Act
12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia
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Interviewing Eyewitnesses

• INTERVIEWING

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Interviewing Eyewitnesses

• INTERVIEWING

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Witness Identification

• Preparation
• Presentation
• Preservation

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Witness Identification

• Preparation Presentation
• Showups

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Witness Identification

• Preparation
• Showups

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Witness Identification

• Presentation
• Showups

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Witness Identification

• Preservation
• Showups

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Witness Identification

• Preservation
• Showups

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Witness Identification

• Preparation
• Physical lineups
• Photographic lineups

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Legal considerations

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Include only one suspect in each identification
  procedure

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Include at least five fillers

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Select fillers who generally fit the witnesss
  description of the perpetrator.

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Complete uniformity of features in not required

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Place suspects in different positions in each
  lineup.

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• When showing a new suspect, avoid reusing fillers
  in lineups shown to the same witness

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Ensure that no writings are markings concerning
  previous arrest (s) will be visible to the
  witness

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• View lineup once completed to ensure that the
  suspect does not unduly stand out.

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PREPARATION

• Composing Lineups
• Preserve the presentation order

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Witness Identification

• Presentation
• Physical lineups
• Photographic lineups

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Witness Identification

• Neutral Independent Administrator

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Witness Identification

• Presentation
• Physical lineups
• Photographic lineups

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Prior to beginning a physical lineup, the
  administrator should instruct all those present
  not to suggest in any way the position or
  identity of he suspect in the lineup

12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia
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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Advise the witness that he/she will be asked to
  view a group of individuals

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Advise the witness that he/she does not have to
  make an identification, and the identification
  procedure is important to the investigation
  whether or not an identification is made

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Advise the witness that it is just as important
  to clear innocent persons from suspicion as to
  identify guilty parties

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Advise the witness that the individuals depicted
  in the physical lineup may not appear exactly as
  the witness observed on the date of the crime
  because features such as hairstyles and facial
  hair are subject to change

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Advise the witness that the perpetrator may or
  may not be among those shown in the physical
  lineup

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Advise the witness that regardless of whether an
  identification is made, law enforcement will
  continue to investigate the crime

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Confirm that the witness understands the lineup
  procedure

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Advise the witness not to discuss the
  identification procedure or its results with
  other witnesses involved in the case and
  discourage contact with the media

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PRESENTATION

• ADVISORY STATEMENT
• Physical lineup

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ADVISORY STATEMENT
12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia
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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• If an identification is made, advise the witness
  to give feedback in his/her own words regarding
  his/her level of confidence at the time of the
  identification

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Witness Identification

• Simultaneous v Sequential

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Simultaneous

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Simultaneous
• Presenting the Individuals

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Sequential

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PRESENTATION

• Physical lineups
• Sequential
• Presenting the Individuals

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Advise the witness that he/she will be asked to
  view a group of photographs

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Advise the witness that he/she does not have to
  make an identification, and the identification
  procedure is important to the investigation
  whether or not an identification is made

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Advise the witness that it is just as important
  to clear innocent persons from suspicion as to
  identify guilty parties

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Advise the witness that the individuals depicted
  in the physical lineup may not appear exactly as
  the witness observed on the date of the crime
  because features such as hairstyles and facial
  hair are subject to change

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Advise the witness that the perpetrator may or
  may not be among those shown in the photograph
  lineup

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Advise the witness that regardless of whether an
  identification is made, law enforcement will
  continue to investigate the crime

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Confirm that the witness understands the lineup
  procedure

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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• Advise the witness not to discuss the
  identification procedure or its results with
  other witnesses involved in the case and
  discourage contact with the media

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PRESENTATION

• ADVISORY STATEMENT
• Photograph lineup

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ADVISORY STATEMENT
12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia
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PRESENTATION

• Photograph lineups
• If an identification is made, advise the witness
  to give feedback in his/her own words regarding
  his/her level of confidence at the time of the
  identification

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PRESENTATION

• Photographic lineups
• Simultaneous

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PRESENTATION

• Photographic lineups
• Sequential

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PRESENTATION

• Photographic lineups
• Sequential
• Presenting the photographs

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Witness Identification

• Preservation
• Showups
• Physical lineups
• Photographic lineups

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PRESERVATION

• Documenting Identification Results
• Document both identification and
  non-identification results including the
  witnesss own words regarding how sure he/she is.

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PRESERVATION

• Documenting Identification Results
• Ensure results are signed and dated by the witness

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PRESERVATION

• Documenting Identification Results
• Ensure that no materials indicating previous
  identification results are visible to the witness

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PRESERVATION

• Documenting Identification Results
• Ensure that the witness does not write on or mark
  materials that will be used in other
  identification procedures

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PRESERVATION

• LINEUPS
• Document any identification results and witnesss
  statement of certainty

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PRESERVATION

• LINEUPS
• Document the lineup
• Identification of lineup participants and sources
  used
• Names of all persons present
• Date and time the procedure was conducted

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PRESERVATION

• PHYSICAL LINEUPS
• Documenting the participants

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PRESERVATION
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PRESERVATION

• LINEUPS
• Document the lineup by photo or video whenever
  possible

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PRESERVATION

• LINEUPS
• Advise the witness not to discuss the
  identification procedure or its results with
  other witnesses involved in the case and
  discourage contact with the media

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PRESERVATION
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PRESERVATION

• FOLLOW UP

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AGENCY POLICY
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IDENTIFICATION DISPLAY FOLDER
12/16/2013
Georgia Public Safety Training Center Forsyth,
Georgia