Bellringers

1
Bellringers

• Objective 1
• Objective 4
• Objective 5

2

• How much liquid is in the cylinder shown in the
  figure?
• A.78.0 mL
• B.79.0 mL
• C.80.0 mL
• D.81.0 mL

3
The correct answer is B.

• When reading the volume of water is a graduated
  cylinder, always read at the bottom of the
  meniscus. The graduated cylinder is marked in 1
  mL intervals.

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Objective 4

• As shown in the art, what solute decreases in
  solubility as temperature increases?
• A. CaCl2
• B. KClO3
• C. Ce2(SO4)3
• D. NaCl

5
The correct answer is C.

• According to the graph, as temperature
  increases the amount of Ce2(SO4)3 that dissolved
  decreases. All the other solutes increase in
  solubility with an increase in temperature.

6

• The picture
• shows water
• waves undergoing ____.
• A. refraction
• B. compression
• C. interference
• D. diffraction

Objective 5
7
The correct answer is D.

• When waves pass through a small opening in a
  barrier, they diffract and spread out after they
  pass through the opening.

8
Objective 37A Evidence of change in species

• 7B Illustrate the results of natural selection
• 13A Evaluate the significance of structural and
  physiological adaptations of plants.

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Evidence of Change in species
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Evidence of Evolution

1. Fossil Record
2. Geographic Distribution of Living Species
3. Homologous Body structures
4. Similarities in Embryology

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Evidence of Evolution
Fossil Record provides evidence that living
things have evolved Fossils show the history of
life on earth and how different groups of
organisms have changed over time
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Identify the Evidence in the Fossil Record

• The oldest fossils will be located in the oldest
  rocks.
• Pay close attention to any graphic to the order
  of the rock layers remember most often the
  oldest are at the bottom.

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Similarities in Embryology
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Homologous structures share common ancestor since
bone structures are similar. Note number of lower
bones in each.
Analogous structures have similar function but
not structure wing of a bird and a butterfly
and does not show evidence of change.
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Additional Evidence

• DNA Fingerprint Match the bands more bands
  closer related.

• Amino Acid Sequence closer the more similarities

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• All organisms
• branch from a
• common Ancestor.
• The dog and
• the wolf are closely
• related since
• they branch closer
• together over the
• others.

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Adaptations

• Plants and Animals

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• All living things have certain adaptations to
  survive. If they didnt, they would die and
  become extinct eventually.
• Here are some of the different kinds of animal
  adaptation Migration, Hibernation, Camouflage,
  Mimicry, Metamorphosis, Unique Defenses, Special
  Adaptations.

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Unique Defenses

• Most animals and insects have some sort of
  defense that is unique to them. This allows them
  to defend themselves against predators.
• Other organisms with awesome defenses are the
  scorpions tail, snakes venom, cats claws,
  bees stingers, a cactis spines and electric
  eels. Puffer Fish being able to double the body
  size to prevent other animals from eating.

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Special Adaptations

• Lots of animals have special adaptations that
  other animals dont have. This helps them to
  survive and adapt in their environment.
• The most well known special adaptation is the
  hump on a camels back. The camels hump allows
  it to store water for long periods of time for
  use in the desert with little rain.
• Other examples of special adaptations are flying
  squirrels, a polar bears layer of fat, an
  elephants trunk, a giraffes long neck, an insect
  laying hundreds of eggs and a birds beak

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Plant Adaptations
stomates

• Plants have adaptations that include
• To prevent water loss plants use Cuticle on
  leaves, stomata on the underside of leaves, and
  the lack of leaves on cactus

Stomates are generally on the underside of the
leaf to prevent water loss this is an aquatic
plant stomates are on top.
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Plant Adaptations onward -

• Reproduction in plants and their seed dispersals
• Allows for young plants to develop away from
  adult plants using such as
• Wind (think dandelions) animals (think mulberries
  and birds)
• Attraction of insects with colorful flowers

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Questions
24
Which species is considered the common
ancestor? Which species in the diagram is
extinct? Which two species are closely related?
A is the common ancestor. B is extinct. E and F
are the most closely related.
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Which two organisms in this chart are the least
related?
The silkworm moth and the screwworm fly.
26
Which two bears are closely related?
Polar bears and brown bears have the most bands
of DNA in common. What of DNA bands do black
and brown bears share? Brown and Black bears
share 4 bands out of 9 total. (44.4)
DNA Fingerprint