Teaching Objectives

1
Unit 8
2
Teaching Objectives

• 1. Enlarge vocabulary
• 2. Talk about the advantages and disadvantages
  cloning brings to us
• 3. Learn to identify the writers purpose
• 4. Learn to write a letter of thanks

3
Sections

• Section A Legal and Moral
• Implications of
• Cloning
• Section B Who Will Take
• Advantage of Human
• Cloning?
• Section C Twins Six Years Apart

4
Section A

• Legal and Moral
• Implications of
• Cloning

5
Table of Contents

• Background Information
• Warming-up Activities
• Text Analysis
• Vocabulary and Structure
• Vocabulary Test
• Writing

6
What is cloning ?
There are different types of cloning, and
cloning technologies can be used for other
purposes besides producing the genetic twin of
another organism. The three types of cloning
technologies are (1) recombinant DNA technology
or DNA cloning(????????), (2) reproductive
cloning(??????), and (3) therapeutic
cloning(?????????).
7
Celebrity Sheep Dolly (1)
Dolly, the first mammal to be cloned from
adult DNA, was put down by lethal injection on
Feb. 14, 2003. Prior to her death, Dolly had been
suffering from lung cancer and crippling
arthritis.
8
Celebrity Sheep Dolly (2)

Although most Finn Dorset sheep live to be 11
to 12 years of age, postmortem examination of
Dolly seemed to indicate that, other than her
cancer and arthritis, she appeared to be quite
normal. The unnamed sheep from which Dolly was
cloned had died several years
prior to her creation. Dolly was a mother to six
lambs, bred the old-fashioned way.
9
What animals have been cloned? (1)
Scientists have been cloning animals for
many years. In 1952, the first animal, a tadpole,
was cloned. Before the creation of Dolly, the
first mammal cloned from the cell of an adult
animal, clones were created from embryonic cells.
Since Dolly, researchers have cloned a number of
large and small animals including sheep, goats,
cows, mice, pigs, cats, rabbits, and a gaur. All
these clones were created using nuclear transfer
technology(???????).
10
What animals have been cloned? (2)
Cloned monkeys
Dolly
First cloned mule
11
First cloned horse
First cloned cat
Cloned twin goats
12
What are the risks of cloning? (1)

• Reproductive cloning is expensive and
  highly inefficient. More than 90 of cloning
  attempts fail to produce viable offspring. More
  than 100 nuclear transfer procedures could be
  required to produce one viable clone. In addition
  to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have
  more compromised immune function and higher rates
  of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders.

13
What are the risks of cloning?(2)

• Japanese studies have shown that cloned
  mice live in poor health and die early. About a
  third of the cloned calves born alive have died
  young, and many of them were abnormally large.
  Many cloned animals have not lived long enough to
  generate good data about how clones age.
  Appearing healthy at a young age unfortunately is
  not a good indicator of long term survival.
  Clones have been known to die mysteriously.

14
Group Discussions (1)

• 1. As far as you know, what are the advantages
  and disadvantages that cloning brings to us?

Some fatal diseases can be cured with the
application of cloning the rate of success in
organ transplant will be greatly improved and
the infertile couples are hopeful to have their
own babies, etc. However, it may bring
confusion and fear to us it will threaten human
society and dignity and those clones may feel
miserable if they are treated as organ donors
instead of independent human beings.
15
Group Discussions (2)

• 2. Should Humans be cloned?

Due to the inefficiency of animal cloning and
the lack of understanding about this technology,
Im strongly against it. Not only do most
attempts to clone mammals fail, several cloned
animals have died prematurely from infections.
Moreover, we dont know how cloning could impact
mental development, which is crucial for the
development of healthy humans. With so many
unknowns concerning reproductive cloning, the
attempt to clone humans at this time is
considered potentially dangerous and ethically
irresponsible.
16
Comprehension of the Text (1)

1. How did the world react to the first successfully
   cloned sheep?

The world was amazed by the news at first, then
worried about and puzzled over a long list of
wild possibilities.
17
Comprehension of the Text (2)

• 2. What are the two broad categories human
  cloning situations often fall into?

One of the situations is that parents want to
clone a child who can serve either as a
transplant donor or as a substitute for the
original. The second is that adults want to clone
themselves for a variety of reasons.
18
Comprehension of the Text (3)

• 3. According to the author, why are twins more
  alike than clones?

Because clones are only physically identical
while twins share the same environment within the
mother and are usually raised in the same family.
19
Comprehension of the Text (4)

• 4. Biologically speaking, what is the only
  possible major difference between a clone and the
  original?

The only possible major difference is bearing
children, as scientists are not sure if Dolly
will be able to have lambs.
20
Comprehension of the Text (5)

• 5. Why do some parents want to save their fatally
  ill child through cloning?

Because cloning would increase the chances for a
tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100
percent.
6. Could cloned animals be used as organ donors?
If technology was improved, this could be
realized.
21
Comprehension of the Text (6)

• 7. How did Judith Martin suggest referring to
  ones DNA donors?

It might be proper to refer to them as Most
honored sir or madam.
8. What is the gravest concern about human
cloning for society?
The creation of a new and disrespected social
class the clones.
22
Text Analysis (1)
Main idea of the text
When a world with human clones was suddenly
within reach, peoples reactions to it were
strong and varied. They puzzled over a number of
questions about the legal and moral implications
that had arisen from cloning.
23
Text Analysis (2)
Main Ideas of Each Part
Part I (Para. 1)
With the success of cloning an adult mammal, the
world was suddenly brought into the reality of
human cloning.
This part is about the worlds strong and
immediate responses in the wake of Wilmuts
announcement.
Part II (Paras. 2-3)
This part offers complete or partial answers,
from the up-to-date knowledge, to the six
questions on the legal and moral implications of
cloning.
Part III (Paras. 4-18)
This part is intended to reaffirm the authors
opinion that, although the list of questions
could go on, people are just beginning to wonder
about the future of the world after cloning.
Part IV (Paras.19)
24
Words and Expressions

• implication
• prohibit
• mount
• resemble
• minor
• fatal
• deliberate
• classify

• word that/of
• succeed in doing
• draft guidelines for
• fall into
• in theory
• be identical to/with
• in terms of
• be concerned about
• be comparable/similar to

25
Structures

• 1. Typical patterns for advancing ones arguments
• 2. Typical patterns for comparison and contrast
• 3. Typical patterns for showing sb.s reactions
  to sth.

26
implication n.

• sth. that is suggested or sth. that is not openly
  stated ??,??
• He smiled, but the implication was that he
  didn't believe me.
• ?????,???????????????
• 2. involving or being involved, esp. in a crime
  ??,??
• The implication of the general manager in the
  criminal case further complicated the whole
  situation.
• ?????????????????????????

27
prohibit vt.

• fobid, esp. by law or rule prevent make
  impossible ??,????,??
• Smoking is strictly prohibited in the process
  of handling explosive materials.
• ???????, ???????
• The loudness of the music prohibits serious
  conversation in most nightclubs.
• ????????????,??????????

28
mount vi./vt. (1)
vi. increase gradually esp. in a way that makes a
situation worse ??,??
Four days after the accident, the death toll
continued to mount.
?????????,??????????
vt. 1. go up or on to ??
I really feel sorry for the old lady when I find
she can mount the stairs only with difficulty.
????????????????????????
29
mount vi./vt. (2)

• vt. 2. prepare and produce, organize ????
• ?,??

The united opponent parties are getting ready to
mount a powerful attack on the government.
??????????????????????
30
resemble vt.

• look or be like be similar, esp. in
  appearance to (sb./sth.) ?,??
• She resembles her mother in the way she moves
  her hands when she talks.
• ???????????????
• We have produced a cloth made of pineapple
  fiber, closely resembling cotton but stronger.
• ??????????????????,???????????

31
minor a./n.

• a. smaller or lesser in degree, size,numbers or
  importance when compared with others
  ???,??????,???
• The important thing is to finish it
  quickly cost is only a relatively minor
  consideration.
• ????????,????,??????????
• n. a person who is below the age at which he or
  she becomes an adult legally ????
• In Britain you are a minor until you are
  eighteen.
• ???,?????????????

32
fatal a.

• a. very serious and having an important bad
  effect in the future or (of illness, accidents,
  etc.) causing death ?????,???
• Global warming is fatal to the world and
  therefore scientists in one wave after another
  try to awaken us to the growing threat of global
  warming. ????????????????,????????????????????????
  ????
• It is fatal to drive after drinking
  alcohol and exceed the speed limit. Such driving
  habits can lead to fatal accidents.
• ????????????????????????????????

33
deliberate a./vi./vt. (1)

• a. 1. planned ???,???
• He is the very witness who testifies
  under oath that the fire which had broken out in
  the company was deliberate.
• ???????,????????????????????
• 2. moving, acting, or thinking slowly and
  usu. carefully ???,???
• When confronted with such a delicate
  situation, you are supposed to take deliberate
  actions.
• ?????????,???????????

34
deliberate a./vi./vt. (2)

• vt./vi. think or talk seriously and carefully
• about ????,??

The senate has been deliberating the question for
three days. ?????????????????? They met to
deliberate on possible solutions to the problem.
????????????????
35
classify vt.

• divide things into groups according to type
  ??,??
• The books in the library are classified
  by/according to subject.
• ???????????????
• Would you classify her novels as serious
  literature or as mere entertainment?
• ??????????????,???????

36
word that/of ?????

• ?????????????????
• ??????

Word that there would be great increase in food
prices has been spread fast on the streets.
37
succeed in doing sth. ???????
??????????????,???????????
If they succeed in establishing a cease-fire, the
UN will send in peace-keeping forces.
38
draft guidelines for ???????

• ??????????????????
• She was busy drafting her speech for next
  months speech contest.

39
fall into ?????

• ????,?????
• Things of a kind come together people of a
  mind fall into a group.

40
in theory ????

• ????????????,??????????????

Your plan sounds fine in theory, but I dont know
if it will work in practice.
41
be identical to / with ????????

• ???????????,????????????

It seems that his opinion is identical to mine,
which is really out of my expectation.
42
in terms of ???(??) ????

• ????????,???????????????????

To my great surprise, he thinks of everything in
terms of money now.
43
be concerned about / over ??,??

• ?????,??????????????????

As adults, we should be deeply concerned about
the healthy growth of the children in Africa.
44
be comparable / similar to ???????

• ??????,????????,?????????

In the eyes of some people, love is comparable to
a maze, full of lures and traps.
45
1. Typical patterns for advancing ones arguments

• ?? If cloned animals could be used as organ
  donors, we wouldnt have to worry about cloning
  twins for transplants. (L. 48)
• ??????????????,?????????????????????

????
If sb. / sth. could be / do sth., we wouldnt
have to worry about (doing) sth. else. ???? /
????? / ???,??????
46

• ??????????????????????,?????????????????????

If everyone could realize natural resources are
not inexhaustible, we wouldnt have to worry
about any blind exploitation of them.
47
2. Typical patterns for comparison and contrast
(1)

• ??Like the Theory of Relativity, the splitting
  of the atom, and the first space flight, Dollys
  appearance has generated a long list of difficult
  puzzles for scientists, politicians, and
  philosophers. (L. 11)

????????????????????,?????????????????????????????
???
48
????

• Like sth. else, the appearance / arrival /
  birth / invention of sth. new generates /
  produces / makes ????/ ???,?? / ????/ ?? / ????
  / ???

• ????????????????,???????????????? ????
• Like any other wars in history, the Iraq war has
  generated a long list of difficult postwar
  problems for the world

49
3. Typical patterns for showing sb.s reactions
to sth.

• ??In the wake of Wilmuts announcement,
  governments hurried to draft guidelines for the
  unknown, a future filled with incredible
  possibilities. (L. 6)

????????????,????????,?????????????????,??????????
???
????
In the wake of sth., sb. hurries / begins to
?????,???? / ??
50

• ????????,??????????????

In the wake of that failure, he hurried to look
for chances of reproving himself.
51
Vocabulary Test

• Directions For each sentence there are four
  choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE
  answer that best completes the sentence.

1. To understand the _______ of a situation, we
have to know something about the kind of
situation. A. passages
B. relations C. implications
D. findings
C. implications
52

• 2. The tension ______ as the guest of honor was
  about to announce the winner.
• A. climbed B. raised
  
• C. descended D. mounted
• 3. I suspect this is _______ attempt to discredit
  their critics.
• A. an intentional B. a
  deliberate
• C. a purposeful D. a
  considered
• 4. Salaries for ______ positions seem to be
  higher than for permanent ones.
• A. legal B.
  optional
• C. voluntary D.
  temporary

D. mounted
B. a deliberate
D. temporary
53

• 5.Research universities have to keep up with the
  latest computer and scientific hardware
• ______ price.
• A. on account of B. regardless
  of
• C. in addition to D. not to
  mention
• 6. The ships generator broke down, and the pumps
  had to be operated ______ instead of
  mechanically.
• A. manually B.
  artificially
• C. automatically D.
  synthetically
• 7.First published in 1927, the charts remain an
  ______ source for researches.
• A. identical B.
  indispensable
• C. intelligent D.
  inevitable

B. regardless of
A. manually
B. indispensable
54

• 8. Harry _____ his pants at the seams (??) when
  he bent over.
• A. sliced B. split
• C. cracked D.
  broke
• 9. The boy cycling in the street was knocked down
  by a minibus and received ____ injuries.
• A. fatal B. excessive
• C. radical D.
  exaggerated
• 10.Remember that customers dont ______ about
  prices in that city.
• A. debate B.
  consult
• C. dispute D.
  bargain

B) split
A. fatal
D. bargain
55

• Directions Fill in the blanks with the
  phrases given below. Change the form where
  necessary.

succeed in doing work for
within reach regardless of be
identical to fall into provide for
in the wake of refer to
in terms of be concerned about
as well
refer to

• 1. I didnt know the word. I had to _______ a
  dictionary.
• 2. Airport security was extra tight ____________
  yesterdays bomb attacks.

in the wake of
56
succeed in doing work for
within reach regardless of be
identical to fall into provide for
in the wake of refer to in
terms of be concerned about as
well

• 3. The astronauts __________ returning from the
  moon to the earth according to the plan.
• 4. He went ahead __________ all warnings about
  the danger of his mission.
• 5. He has never ________________ what other
  people think of him.

succeeded in
regardless of
been concerned about
57
succeed in doing work for
within reach regardless of be
identical to fall into provide for
in the wake of refer to
in terms of be concerned about
as well

• 6. __________ customer satisfaction, the policy
  cannot be criticized.
• 7. His behavior __________ betraying us.
• 8. The rules of safe driving ______ everyone.
• 9. Hes grown so much that now even the top of
  shelf is _____________.
• 10. This book _________ the class of modern
  fiction.

In terms of
is identical to
work for
within (his) reach
falls into
58
Writing

• ???
• Letter of Thanks
• ????
• ????

59
Useful words and phrases
appreciate ??
appropriate ??? beyond words ????
convey ?? awesome ??? be obliged to ???
considerate ???
indebted ??? generous ???
grateful ??? gratitude ????
heartfelt ??? hospitality ??,????
thankful ??? kindness ??
thoughtful ????? understanding
????? unselfish assistance ????? make lasting
impressions ??????? cherish/ treasure
??,?? extend heartfelt thanks ???????
60
Useful Sentence Patterns

• 1. I am grateful to you for...
• ???????
• 2. I am greatly indebted to you for all you have
  done for me.
• ??????????????
• 3. I take this opportunity to express to you my
  deep appreciation for the kind assistance you
  rendered me.
• ??????????????????????
• 4. Many thanks for your kindness and
  hospitality.
• ??????????
• 5. Words fail to convey my gratitude to you.
• ????,?????

61
Useful Sentence Patterns

• 6. Thanks so much for the gift you sent me. It's
  one of the most wonderful gifts I got on my
  birthday.
• ??????????? , ?????????????????
• 7. Nothing will be able to erase our fond
  memories, and we will nurture them forever.
• ??????????????,??????????

62
Writing Process

• Opening
• 1. State the purpose of your letter.
• ???????
• 2. Express sincere gratitude to the receiver.
• ????????????

63
Writing Process

• Body
• 1. Recall the happy minute /event.
• ?????? ( ?? ) ?
• 2. Highly praise the past favor.
• ???? ( ?? ) ?????? ?
• 3. List the reasons why you are grateful to the
  recipient.
• ?????????????
• 4. Express your feeling.
• ?????? ( ?? )?

64
Writing Process

• Ending
• 1. Restate your great appreciation for the favor
  and help rendered to you.
• ????????????????
• 2. Express your wish to have the opportunity to
  reciprocate /repay the past favor.
• ?????????????????

65
Writing Practice

• A Letter of Thanks
• 1.?????????????????
• 2.????????????????
• 3.?????????????

66
Writing Practice

• 1. ??,?????,??????????,??????????? ?
• 2. ??,?????,??????????????? ??????????1)?????????
  2)??????????
• 3. ??,?????,?????????????,??????????????????????

67
Reference Model

• Dear Mr. Ng,
• It is a pleasure to write this letter
  because it gives me an opportunity to tell you
  how much I enjoyed your hospitality last weekend.
  It was my first visit to an American family and,
  at first, I was very anxious about my limited
  English and my knowledge of American customs.
  Then I saw you and your children waiting for me
  at the station with warm smiles of welcome and
  your wonderful family put me at ease right away.

68
Reference Model

• There are many happy memories of the
  weekend that I will keep with me forever. I will
  remember that you made me feel at home. There
  were so many new and different things for me to
  see and do. I particularly enjoyed driving
  through the countryside and seeing the charming
  colors of the leaves on the trees. I liked
  playing baseball with your lovely son and
  daughter, Chain and Linda. They were patient with
  me and full of fun. Tell them I will teach them
  how to play soccer next time.

69
Reference Model

• I also had a good time at the community
  square dance on Saturday night. It was my first
  square dance, and I cannot forget how friendly
  and kind everyone around was.
• I am back at school now and I am very
  happy because I know now a real American family
  and it is one of the nicest families I have ever
  met. Because my English is still not very good, I
  cannot express my feelings better. I can only say
  "thank you" and hope that someday you will visit
  my country and I can return your hospitality.
• 
  Sincerely yours,
• 
  Wendy Wu

70
Section B

• Who will Take Advantage of Human Cloning

71
Table of Contents

• Reading Comprehension
• Vocabulary Study
• Vocabulary Test

72
Reading Comprehension(1)

• 1. Why did the public feel panic at the news
  that scientists had cloned a sheep?
• Because they were worried that human
  cloning may come soon.
• 2. What is the authors attitude towards human
  cloning?
• While human cloning might not offer great
  benefits to humanity, no one has yet made a
  convincing case that it would do any real harm,
  either.

73
Reading Comprehension(2)

• 3. Who hold the idea that cloning a human
  constitutes a gross attack on human dignity?
• The conservative spiritual leaders.
• 4. According to the author, why do many of the
  vivid warnings of science-fiction concerning the
  prospect of human cloning turn out to be
  improbable?
• Because parents of identical twins dont view
  one child as an organ farm for the other.

74
Reading Comprehension(3)

• 5. What is the other disturbing thought about
  human cloning mentioned in the passage?
• It will lead to efforts to breed individuals
  with genetic qualities perceived as desirable.
• 6. In a democracy what do we do about things we
  dont know well?
• We dont pass laws against them before there
  is actual or probable evidence of harm.

75
Reading Comprehension(4)

• 7. What does the author suggest we should do
  before we go any further into the experiment of
  human cloning?
• To require a temporary pause on research into
  human cloning in order to make a systematic
  enquiry into the grave questions it raises.
• 8. What is the more important thing about human
  cloning according to the author?
• It should be governed by the same laws that
  now protect human rights.

76
Vocabulary Study

• panic
• constitute
• voluntary
• consent
• artificial
• dispose
• resume

at the prospect of/that grow out of
make sense turn out (to be)
perceive as carry out make an
enquiry into
77
panic n./vt.

• n. (a) sudden very strong feeling of anxiety and
  fear ??,??
• When the theater caught fire, there was a
  panic among the crowd.
• ?????,???????????
• Vt. (cause sb./sth. to) be affected with
  panic(?)??
• When the earthquake took place, he panicked
  and ran as fast as he could to safety.
• ??????????,?????????

78
constitute vt.

• 1. be or be considered as ?,??
• Correct grammar and sentence structure do not
  in themselves constitute good writing.
• ???????????????????????
• 2. form or make up sth. ??,??
• "England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern
  Ireland constitute / compose / make up the United
  kingdom."
• ???????????????????????

79
voluntary a.

• done, made, or given willingly, without being
  forced or paid to do it ???,???
• Numerous voluntary organ donors are needed
  to help those who are badly in need of organ
  transplant.
• ????????????????????????????
• The 2008 Olympic Games which is to be held
  in Beijing call for innumerable volunteers who
  will make their contributions to the Games in
  various aspects.
• ??2008?????????????????????????????????

80
consent n./vi.

• n. agreement ??,??
• She was chosen by common consent to give the
  speech on behalf of the committee.
• vi. give ones agreement ??,??
• According to the contract, they cant publish
  your name without your consent.

Compare content n. ????????? She was content to
step down after four years as chief executive.
????????????????
adj.???, ?????? We should never content
ourselves with a little book knowledge only.
???????????????????
81
artificial a.

• 1. made by people, often as a copy of sth.
  natural ???,???
• This brand of tinned beans contains no
  artificial coloring.
• ????????????????
• 2. insincere lacking true feeling ?????
• I can tell he is lying from the artificial
  smile on his face.
• ????????????????????
• artificial flowers ??
• artificial intelligence ????

82
dispose vi./vt.

• 1. get rid of sb./sth. that one does not want
  or cannot keep ??,??,??
• We have to dispose of this pile of old
  papers and magazines.
• ????????????????
• 2. arrange place sb./sth. in a suitable way
  ??,??
• Man proposes. God disposes.
• ????,?????

83
resume vt. (1)

• begin (sth.) again or continue (sth.) after
  stopping for a time ???,??
• He stopped to drink some water and then
  resumed speaking.
• ???????????????
• In recent years the traditional friendship
  between the people of these two countries has
  resumed and developed.
• ????,?????????????????????

84
resume vt. (2)

• Compare assume v. ????, ??
• assume responsibility/the presidency/control
• The experts assume that the prices would rise.
  
• presume v.??,?? ??????????????????????????,??
  ???,??????
• I presume you're tired after the long ride.
• We cannot presume the existence of life on
  other planets.
• consume v.??????consumption n.

85
at the prospect of ???????

• At the prospect of very potential profits
  that were to be derived, the small enterprise
  spared no efforts to prepare for the negotiations
  with the famous company.
• ?????????????????,?????????????????????????
• The youngster set off home, smiling to
  himself at the prospect of surprising his family
  with good news.
• ???????????,?????????????????

86
grow out of ???,???
Most international firms have grown out of small
family businesses.
?????????????????????
The idea grew out of a remark made unthinkingly
by the chairman. ????????????????
87
???? grow ???????
grow from ?...?? ?...???? grow in ??
?...???? grow into ??? ??????? grow up ??
??? ?? ?? grow up into ????
88
make sense (??)??????
What youve said makes no sense.
???? sense?????
bring sb. to his senses ??????? come to ones
senses (???)???? in ones right senses
??????? out of ones senses ????,???? in a sense
??????? make sense of ??,?????
89
turn out (to be) ???,???
Things turned out to be exactly as the professor
had foreseen. ????????????????????
???? turn?????
turn against (?)????? turn down
????,??? turn in ???? turn to
??????? turn up ?? turn upside down
?????????
90
perceiveas ??,??
perceiveas see/think of.consider /viewas
They will not be perceived as enemies. On the
contrary, we will regard/think of/view them as
friends who are to be relied upon.
????????????,??,???????????????
He is perceived as a strong candidate for the
job. ?????????????????
91
carry out ??,??
If my instructions had been carried out, the
accident would not have happened.
??????????,?????????
Every possible test was carried out to decide the
nature of her illness.
????????,????????????
92
make an enquiry into ??,??

• Ever since the outbreak of SARS, medical
  experts have been making enquiries into its
  causes and the possible remedy for it.
• ????????,????????????????????????
• An enquiry is being made into the diseases
  caused by smoking.
• ???????????????

93
Vocabulary Test

• Directions Fill in the blanks with the
  phrases given below. Change the form where
  necessary.

pass on perceive as
turn out make sense for the sake of
carry on seek out dispose of
take advantage of in the name of send into
grow out of
1. How to _______ the nuclear waste is a pressing
problem for scientists and politicians alike.
dispose of
94

• pass on perceive as
  turn out
• make sense for the sake of carry
  on
• seek out dispose of take
  advantage of
• in the name of send into grow
  out of

2. ______________ simplicity, we may put the
theory briefly as follows. 3. The possession of
language enables man to ___________ his wisdom
and experience to his children and grandchildren.
4. It ___________ to buy large packet because
it works our cheaper in the end.
For the sake of
pass on
makes sense
95

• pass on perceive as
  turn out
• make sense for the sake of carry on
• seek out dispose of take
  advantage of
• in the name of send into grow out
  of

5. The prime minister spoke ____________ the
king. 6. ______________ the cheap prices while
they last. 7.The ships mission is to _______
new life on other planets.
in the name of
Take advantage of
seek out
96

• pass on perceive as
  turn out
• make sense for the sake of
  carry on
• seek out dispose of take
  advantage of
• in the name of send into
  grow out of

8. I _______ him _____ a rather shy sort of
man. 9. The remark ______ him ______ into a fit
of laughter. 10. The man _________ to be the best
player on the team.
perceive
as
into
sent
turned out
97

• Directions Complete each of the following
  sentences with the proper form of the word given
  in brackets.

• 1. This complicated situation has led to
  considerable ________. (confuse)
• 2. Painting helps fill a _______ (spirit) need
  for beauty.
• 3.The rule Look before you leap is almost
  always ________. (apply)
• 4. It is highly ________ (probable) that he will
  come to our party tonight because he is busy
  preparing for the final exams.

confusion
spiritual
applicable
improbable
98

• 5.After a few days of ________ (reflect) she
  decided to write back.
• 6. The news of the plane crash filled us with
  ______ (horrible).
• 7.The critics speak highly of this kind of art
  since they believe it belongs to one of the
  _________ (democracy) art forms.
• 8. In his will, he arranged for the ______
  (dispose) of his property after his death.

reflection
horror
democratic
disposal
99

• 9.The __________ (administrate) of a large
  project like this is very complicated.
• 10. Slim people generally eat according to
  appetite, in a fairly relaxed fashion not
  _________ (government) by rules or diet sheets.

administration
governed
100
Section C

• Twins Six Years Apart

101
Directions Read the following statements
carefully, and decide whether they are true (T)
or false (F) according to the text.

• 1. The goal of Wilmuts experiment is to
  develop a way to produce medicine for humans.
• 2. Human cloning meets with strong opposition
  as it can help infertile couples clone a child.
• 3. Its Wilmut who made other scientists realize
  that a specialized cell could be used to form a
  living thing.

T
F
T
102
Directions Read the text first and then provide
short answers to the following questions.

• 4.Whats the difference between Wilmuts Dolly
  and the Danish scientists lamb?
• Dolly was made through an udder cell while the
  Danish lamb through an embryo cell.

103
5. Can you give some evidence to show that
Wilmuts success didnt come easily according to
the passage?

• He has been studying the problem for more
  than two decades. He once used embryos to
  successfully clone two sheep. Then he went ahead
  to clone an adult sheep. But of 227 udder cells
  he fused with egg cells, only 30 began to develop
  into embryos. He implanted 29 of those into
  female sheep. Only one adult gave birth to a lamb.

104
Thanks!

Nature never deceives us it is always us who
deceive ourselves. --- Rousseau