Grade 5 Science Vocabulary EOG Study Guide

1
Earth Its Resources
Part 2

• Grade 5Science VocabularyEOG Study Guide
• Updated 5.9.11 NValentine

http//www.freakingnews.com/SAVE-THE-EARTH-Pics-47
948.asp
2
ore

• A mineral that contains a useful substance is
  called an ___.

3
iron

• ___ comes from the mineral hematite.

www.mii.org/Minerals/photoiron.html
4
metals

• Substances that conduct electricity and can be
  stretched into wires are ___.

www.ndt-ed.org/.../Introduction/metals.htm
5
gems

• Minerals valued for being rare and beautiful are
  called ___.

http//waterstarsclans.webs.com/gems1.jpg
6
diamond

• The hardest mineral is called a ___.

http//www.diamonds-earring.net/2011/03/28/diamond
-4/
7
rock

• A ___ is any naturally formed solid in the crust
  made up of one or more kinds of minerals.

http//i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01593/
fish-shaped-rock_1593811i.jpg
8
igneous

• Rocks that form when melted rock material cools
  and hardens are called ___ rocks.

Some igneous rocks are granite, basalt, obsidian,
pumice. The igneous rock below is granite.
http//www.google.com/imgres?imgurlhttp//www.eth
osmarblecare.co.uk/images/petrology/igneous.jpgim
grefurlhttp//www.ethosmarblecare.co.uk/petrology
-technical/igneous-rock.shtmlusg__o_OrCKOLynQrB6
h3A5gtPyLGdskh252w460sz38hlenstart5zoo
m1um1itbs1tbnid9hlOKcXDKK9UXMtbnh70tbnw
128prev/search3Fq3Digneous2Brock26um3D126
hl3Den26safe3Dactive26biw3D125926bih3D5942
6tbm3DischeiV13ITfCTGNOSgQeL1KjOBA
http//ed101.bu.edu/StudentDoc/Archives/ED101sp07/
rjayneb/granite-400.jpg
9
sedimentary

• Small bits of matter joined together form ___
  rock.

http//rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Sect2/Slide1.jpg
http//burgscience.edublogs.org/files/2010/03/rock
-cycle1.jpg
10
fossils

• Sedimentary rocks sometimes contain ___, or the
  remains or imprints of living things of the past.

www.heathersanimations.com/dinosaur1.html
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metamorphic

• A rock formed under heat and pressure from
  another kind of rock is called an ___ rock.

12
marble

• A metamorphic rock that contains minerals with
  brilliant colors and is easy to carve is ___.

http//www.davidfostersculpture.com/images/carving
-marble.jpg
13
rock

• The main ingredient in soil is weathered ___.
  http//aig.cs.man.ac.uk/research/daedalus/Stimuli/
  Actual/img/SmallRocks4sun_l25E.jpg

14
humus

• Decayed plant and animal material in soil is
  called ___.

15
hazardous

• People damage soil by burying garbage and ___
  wastes.

http//www.howardcountymd.gov/DPW/DPWIMAGES/househ
oldhazardouswaste.jpg
16
pollution

• One form of ___ occurs when people throw foam and
  plastic materials on the ground.

17
contour plowing

• Farmers can plow furrows (rows) across a slope
  rather than up and down, which is called ___ ___.

http//gis.lrs.uoguelph.ca/AgriEnvArchives/pics/co
ntour_plowing.jpg
18
rock cycle

• Rocks changing from one form into another in a
  never-ending series of process

http//www.minsocam.org/MSA/K12/images/rkcircle.jp
g
19
oxygen

• Air is a mixture of nitrogen, ___, and water
  vapor.

http//www.fas.org/irp/imint/docs/rst/Sect14/Atmos
Graph.jpg
20
Carbon dioxide

• After food is broken down, living things give off
  the gas ___ ___.

anorak.co.uk
21
photosynthesis

• The process by which plants make food and give
  off oxygen is called ___.

kirksville.k12.mo.us
http// http//www.indiana.edu/oso/animations/pot
ato.html
http//www.growingthenextgeneration.com/agrium-gam
es/Animation/index.
www.growingthenextgeneration.com/agrium-games/quiz
/index.htm
22
renewable

• Oxygen is called a ___ resource, because it can
  be replaced.

copperwiki.org
23
ozone layer

• The ___ ___ protects us from the Suns harmful
  ultraviolet rays.

michellehenry.fr
24
(No Transcript)
25
global warming

• The Earths temperature is rising at an abnormal
  rate. Pollution and CFCs are contributing to this
  problem.

26
friction

• The atmosphere protects us from rocks from space.
  The ___ with the air burns them up before they
  can come to earth.

astronomy-blog.com
windows2universe.org
27
temperature

• Clouds in the atmosphere help regulate ___.

http//www.fxoffice.net/?p382
28
nitrogen

• About 78 of the air is ___, which is an
  important part of proteins.

sdm.scot.nhs.uk
29
Fossil fuels

• Many pollutants get into the air from burning ___.

asiancorrespondent.com
http//blogs.saschina.org/tiffany01pd2014/2009/11/
27/enduring-understanding-reflections/
regentsearth.com
30
decay

• Fossil fuels were formed from the ___ of ancient
  forms of life.

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nonrenewable

• Fossil fuels are ___ resources.

marchantscience.wikispaces.com
32
Fossil fuels

• Coal, oil, and natural gas are nonrenewable ___
  ___.

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Volcanoes, forest fires

• Natural events such as ___ and ___ ___ can add
  particles and smoke into the air.

supersatellite.com
http//forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?t318
334
34
smog

• Many cities experience ___ , a mixture of smoke
  and fog.

Smog in Beijing, China in August 2005. The photo
on the right was taken during a sunny, otherwise
clear day, the photo on the left was taken on
another day, after it had rained for
approximately 2 days. Both of these photos were
taken in the morning around the 0700-0800 hour.
www.ask.com
35
Acid rain
http//www.realmagick.com/acid-rain-other-adverse-
effects

• Burning fossil fuels can cause harmful chemicals
  to form in the atmosphere, which then fall to the
  Earth in the form of ___ ___.

/
http//www.supergreenme.com/go-green-environment-e
coAcid-Rain
news.thomasnet.com
36
Clean Air Act

• The United States passed the ___ ___ ___ in 1967
  to decrease air pollution.

http//blogs.saschina.org/tiffany01pd2014/2009/11/
27/enduring-understanding-reflections/
37
CFCs

• To protect the air, we can limit the amount of
  ___ in refrigerators and air conditioners. We
  can also limit our use of aerosols.

blogs.saschina.org
38
algae

• One-celled ___ of the oceans
• produce most of the Earths oxygen
• supply.
• Scientists are coming up with ways to replace gas
  with algae!

http//www.google.com/imgres?imgurlhttp//post.cl
oudfront.goodinc.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/al
gae-gaspump-2.jpgimgrefurlhttp//www.good.is/pos
t/a-primer-can-algae-replace-gas/usg__s8ipxnlzVZ
TLaPjHtCSG4I1MKDUh290w615sz51hlenstart2
56zoom1tbnidLfxqd42P5DsvPMtbnh93tbnw198e
iMbDITezvLMvogAfG-Z3jBQprev/search3Fq3Dalgae
26hl3Den26biw3D143626bih3D74726tbm3Disch12
C5425chksbgitbs1iacthcvpx102vpy264dur1
937hovh154hovw327tx196ty80page10ndsp28
ved1t429,r0,s256biw1436bih747
39
vapor

• When volcanoes erupt, they let out water ___ and
  other gases.

http//www.destination360.com/central-america/cost
a-rica/arenal-volcano
40
minerals

• Seawater is an important source of ___.

Within the folds of the Jordan Valley, and Rum
Mountains, lies the lowest point on the face of
the earth The Dead Sea. Rich in minerals and ten
times saltier than seawater, it is buoyant. No
matter how large you are, or even if you dont
know how to swim, you will float!
http//www.waleg.com/travel/archives/000963.html
41
Oil and natural gas

• Drilling rigs are used to extract ___ and ___ ___
  from the land beneath the sea.

oilgoneeasy.com
42
Oil Spill
oilspillnews.net
43
current

• A stream of water that flows through the ocean
  like a river is a ___.

crd.bc.ca
oceanworld.tamu.edu
44
surface

• ___ currents are driven by the wind.

web.me.com
45
circles

• As a wave passes through the ocean, water
  particles move in ___.

onr.navy.mil
46
Breaking wave

• Each ___ ___ may hurl thousands of tons of water
  against the shore, breaking rocks apart and
  smoothing the fragments into pebbles and sand.

47
tides

• The pull of the Moon and Suns gravity on Earth
  causes ___.

ei.lehigh.edu
48
spring

• The combined pull of the sun and moon during
  times of New and Full Moons causes the highest
  high tides and lowest low tides, called ___ tides.

Notice that when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are all
in a line (Full and New Moon Phases) the high
tides are MUCH higher than at other times. These
are called SPRING TIDES
sfgate.com
49
Neap

• ___ tides have the smallest range.

When the Moon and Sun are at right angles to each other the high tides are lower than at other times. These are called NEAP tides
oceanservice.noaa.gov
50
Continental shelf

• The underwater edge of a continent is called its
  ___ ___.

tmp.kiwix.org
http//www.precisiongraphics.com/category/animatio
n-folio/3-d-animation/
51
Continental slope

• The ___ ___ leads steeply down from the
  continental shelf toward the sea floor.

scienceblogs.com
52
abyssal

• One of the flattest places on Earth, the ___
  plain, is at the end of the continental rise.

weareseaborn.blogspot.com
53
seamount

• A huge underwater mountain is called a ___.

rtseablog.blogspot.com
54
trench

• A V-shaped valley below the ocean is known as a
  ___.

belmont.sd62.bc.ca
55
Mid-Atlantic Ridge

• The mountain range rising above the ocean floor
  of the Atlantic Ocean is know as the ___.

56
earthquake
http//earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/plate_tect
onics/world_rotate.php
57
Plate tectonics
http//earthguide.ucsd.edu/eoc/teachers/t_tectonic
s/p_convection2.html
mos.org
58
Sea-floor vents

• ___ ___ ___ are formed when seawater trickles
  down into the hot, newly formed oceanic crust
  saturated with minerals.

ocw.mit.edu
whoi.edu
59
salinity
60
estuary
61
U

• Shape of a valley carved by a glacier long ago.

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succession

• Primary and secondary

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volcano