Microprocessors I

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Microprocessors I

• Time Sundays Tuesdays 0730 to 845
• Place EE 4 ( New building)
• Lecturer
• Bijan Vosoughi Vahdat
• Room VP office, NE of Uni
• Office Hours After 16 please
• Vahdat_at_sharif.edu
• http//sharif.edu/vahdat
• Phone [phone]
• Fax [phone]

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Grading Policy

• Homework 15
• Subject UPI2010HWXIDxxxxxxxx
• Quiz 10
• Mid-term Exam 25
• Final Exam 25
• Final Project 25
• Presenting New Materials on Microprocessors 5
• Paper Discussion 5

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Resources

• Microprocessors and Interfacing Douglos V. Hall
• 5 Volumes from Intel - Intel 64 and IA-32
  Architectures - Software Developers Manual
• 1 Basic Architecture
• 2A Instruction Set A-M
• 2B Instruction Set N-Z
• 3A, 3B System Programming Guides

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Reference Book
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Text Table of Contents

1. Computer Number Systems, Codes, and Digital
   Devices
2. Computers, Microcomputers, and Microprocessors
   An Introduction
3. 8086 Family Assembly Language ProgrammingIntroduc
   tion
4. Implementing Standard Program Structures in 8086
   Assembly Language
5. Strings, Procedures, and Macros
6. 8086 Instruction Descriptions and Assembler
   Directives
7. 8086 System Connections Timing, and
   Troubleshooting
8. 8086 Interrupts and Interrupt Applications
9. Digital Interfacing (PPT )
10. Analog Interfacing and Industrial Control (D/A
    A/D DSP)
11. Dma, Drams, Cache Memories, Coprocessors, and Eda
    Tools
12. C, a High-level Language for System Programming
13. Microcomputer System Peripherals (Keyboard
    Display HDD Printer)
14. Data Communication and Networks ( Async Sync
    LAN - GPIB)
15. The 80286, 80386 and 80486 Microprocessors
16. An Introduction to the Pentium Processors (New
    Edition)

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Covered by 5 Volums

• Pentium processors
• P6 family processors
• Pentium 4 processors
• Pentium M processors
• Intel Xeon processors
• Pentium D processors
• Extreme Editions
• 64-bit Xeon processors
• CoreTM Duo processor
• CoreTM Solo processor
• Dual-Core Xeon LV
• Xeon processor 3000, 3200
• Xeon processor 5000

• Intel CoreTM 2
• Duo processor
• Quad Q6000 series
• Extreme X7000 and X6800
• Extreme QX6000
• Extreme QX9000 - X9000
• Quad Q9000 series
• Duo E8000, T9000
• Intel Xeon 5100, 5300 series
• Intel Xeon processor 7100
• Intel Pentium Dual-Core
• Xeon processor 7200, 7300
• Xeon 5200, 5400, 7400
• AtomTM processor family
• Intel CoreTM i7 processor

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History 1/4

• 1971 4004 4bit, 4K, 50KIPS
• 1972 8008 8bit, 16K
• 1974 4040 Like 4004, Higher speed
• 1974 8080 Like 8008, 64K, TTL
• 1977 8085 Updated 8080, 246 Instr.
• 1978 8086 Architecture from 8080
• 1979 8088
• 1980 8087 Floating-point coprocessor
• 1981 80286 extended the 8086 (16M) 1st Fully
  Compatible with its predecessor

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History 2/4

• 1985 80386 32 bits data
• 1989 80486 Containing Coprocessor
• 1992 Pentium Superscalar Architechture
• 1995 Pro 4 Instructions added to 386
• 1997 PentiumII with MMX Technology
• 1998 Pentium II Xeon
• 1999 Celeron PPGA
• 1999 Pentium III
• 2000 2006 Pentium 4 Processor Family
• 2001- 2007 Xeon Processor

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History 3/4

• 2003-Current Pentium M Processor
• 2005-2007 Pentium Processor Extreme Edition
• 2006-2007 The Intel Core Duo and Intel Core
  Solo Processors
• 2006-Current The Intel Xeon Processor 5100,
  5300 Series and Intel Core2 Processor Family

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History 4/4

• 2007-Current The Intel Xeon Processor 5200,
  5400, 7400 Series and Intel Core2 Processor
  Family
• 2008-Current The Intel Atom Processor Family
• 2008-Current The Intel Corei7 Processor Family

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Where to go
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Intel 4004

• 4 bit microprocessor
• 4KB of memory
• 45 instructions
• 50 KIPS(Kilo-instructions per second)
• Main problems
• Speed
• word width
• memory size

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8086 / 8088

• 16-bit microprocessor
• 2.5 MIPS
• 1MB of memory
• A small 4- or 6-byte instruction cache or queue
• Over 20,000 variations of instructions
• The popularity of the Intel family ensured in
  1981 by IBM

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80386

• 275,000 transistors
• Intels first practical 32-bit microprocessor
• 32-bit data bus and memory address
• 4GB of memory
• Memory management unit
• Multitasking

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Pentium

• P5 architecture / 80586
• Introductory version 60MHz and 66MHz, 110MIPS /
  100MHz, 150MIPS
• 16KB of cache size (8KB IC, 8KB DC)
• 4GB of memory system, 64-bit data bus
• Executes up to two instructions at a time (If
  they dont conflict!)

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P5 Architecture
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Pentium Pro Processor

• P6 architecture
• 5.5M Transistors, 3 integer units, floating-point
  unit
• Basic clock frequency 150 MHz and 166MHz
• 16K L1 Cache(8K for data and 8K for instructions)
  256K L2 Cache
• Execute up to three instructions at a time (It
  doesnt matter even if they conflict!)

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P6 Architecture
Three-way Superscalar, pipelined architecture
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P6 Architecture
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Pentium II Processor

• P6 architecture
• 7.5M Transistors
• Initially ran at 233MHz and 266MHz
• 32KB L1 Cache 512KB L2 Cache (External ? 50 of
  processor speed)
• Arranging the amount of L2 Cache ? Celeron(1999)
  or Xeon(1998)

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Pentium III Processor

• P6 architecture
• 9.5 Million transistors
• 450 and 500 MHz
• SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions) instructions
• Improved L1 cache controller
• Low-end Celeron / High-end Xeon

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Pentium 4 Processor

• NetBurst architecture
• Deep instruction pipeline, SSE2, 64-Bit floating
  point computation
• 42 Million transistors, 1.4 GHz and 1.5 GHz
• Hyper Threading

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Pentium M Processor

• M for Mobile Laptop
• Execution core of the Pentium III Pentium 4
  compatible bus interface
• Improved instruction decoding/issuing front end
  improved branch prediction SSE2 support
• a much larger cache
• Low average power consumption, Lower heat output
  than desktop

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The Intel Corei7 Processor

• support Intel 64 architecture
• Based on Intel micro-architecture (Nehalem) using
  45 nm process technology.
• Intel Turbo Boost Technology converts thermal
  headroom into higher performance.
• Intel HyperThreading Technology in conjunction
  with Quadcore to provide four cores and eight
  threads.
• Dedicated power control unit to reduce active and
  idle power consumption.

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The Intel Corei7 Processor

• Integrated memory controller on the processor
  supporting three channel of DDR3 memory.
• 8 MB inclusive Intel Smart Cache.
• Intel QuickPath interconnect (QPI) providing
  point-to-point link to chipset.
• Support for SSE4.2 and SSE4.1 instruction sets.
• Second generation Intel Virtualization
  Technology.