ICAO Multi-pilot Licence

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ICAO Multi-pilot Licence

• Extracts from a presentation given by
• Richard McFarlane, ICAO FCLTP Chair

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Historical Applications
Origins
Cardboard Mock-up Procedural Training e.g.
pre-flight checks Still used today Cambridge
Cockpit World War II Sir Frederick
Bartlett Research Other Applications Link
Trainer Niche market in history 20 hrs IFR time
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• Historical Applications
• Low end of market
• PC Based Flight Sims
• Virtual airlines
• CBT
• Procedural Trainers
• Frasca 141
• IFR Time
• Adv. Tng. Devices
• HPT
• F242 with visuals
• Dual Controls
• Multi-crew cockpit

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• Historical Applications
• High end of market
• Fixed Base Simulators
• Coupled with CBT
• Initial type rating
• 4-10 x 4 hr sessions
• Full Flight Simulators
• 10-14 x 4 hr sessions
• Up to ZFT
• i.e. AKL to CGK first time with full pax load

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• Safety
• We can practise profiles in a simulator
  environment that we would not be prepared to do
  in the aircraft.
• Efficiency
• We can use simulators 24 hrs a day, 7 days a week
  when a/c availability and wx considerations would
  prevent us from using the a/c
• Economy
• Simulators are generally cheaper and cheaper to
  run than a/c

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• Historical Applications Summary
• Simulation and simulator based training have been
  an important part of the aviation industry for
  many years now.
• Have proven to be a most effective and efficient
  means of transferring critical flight task
  methodology from one pilot to another as well as
  a safe and reliable platform for the practise of
  flight skills.
• We now rely on them.

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Catalysts for Change
Global Pilot Shortages and Cockpit Task Changes

• Prediction that we will be unable to produce the
  number of pilots needed to service the transport
  industry using current methods
• Airline observations that graduates from training
  organisations are not meeting their needs
• Cockpit task evolution from an emphasis on stick
  and rudder skills to management principles
• Regulatory recognition that our apprenticeship
  model hadnt moved on in 50 years

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Catalysts for Change contd
Simulator Capabilities

• Zero Flight Time Simulators at the top end of the
  market
• Affordable motion for major training
  organisations
• Advanced Procedural Trainers for all training
  organisations
• Microsoft Flight Sim or similar in everyone's
  lounge room

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Catalysts for Change contd
Research

• Differentiation between task fidelity and
  instructional fidelity
• Development of Horses for Courses trainers
• Demonstrated transfer of learning
• Task analyses and needs analyses on the changed
  roles of pilots in the modern cockpit

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The FCLTP Proposals
General

• Proposal for a multi-crew pilot licence (MPL)
• Proposed development of a PANS-TRG document
• Development of additional guidance material
• Input to the ANCs action on the Age 60 Rule
• Approval of training organisations

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The FCLTP Proposals contd
General contd

• Proposal for the establishment of airship and
  powered-lift aircraft categories
• Proposed new structure of Pilot licences
• A comprehensive review and updating of all
  existing flight crew licensing and training
  requirements
• Proposed new system for the award of training
  credits

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The Proposals contd
Specific The Multicrew Pilot Licence MPL
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PILOT LICENCE   Privileges Pilot
Licence Standards            Age           
Medical            Knowledge            Skill
GLIDER
CPL
ATPL
INSTRUCTOR RATING
FREE BALLOON
PPL
MPL
I/R
CATEGORY       Category SpecificStandards     
       Experience      Flight instruction
Aeroplane
Aeroplane
Aeroplane
Helicopter
Helicopter
Helicopter
Airship
Airship
Powered- lift
Powered- lift
Powered- lift
Aeroplane
Helicopter
Aeroplane
Powered-lift
Airship
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MPL Training Scheme Minimum 240 hours of training including PF and PNF
Phase of Training Training Items Flight and simulated flight training media - Minimum level requirement Ground Training Media

• CBT
• E-learning
• Part Task Trainer
• Classroom

Integrated TEM principles
Advanced Type Rating training within an airline orientated environment CRM Landing training All WX scenarios LOFT Abnormal procedures Normal procedures Aeroplane Turbine Multi-engine Multi-crew certified FSTD Type IV 12 take-offs and landings as PF() PF/ PNF
Advanced Type Rating training within an airline orientated environment CRM Landing training All WX scenarios LOFT Abnormal procedures Normal procedures FSTD Type IV PF/ PNF
Intermediate Application of multi-crew operations in a high performance multi-engine turbine aeroplane CRM LOFT Abnormal procedures Normal procedures Multi-crew Instrument flight FSTD Type III PF/ PNF
Basic Introduction of multi-crew operations and instrument flight CRM PF/PNF complement IFR Cross-country Upset recovery Night flight Instrument flight Aeroplane Single or multi-engine FSTD Type II PF/ PNF
Core Flying Skills Specific basic single pilot training CRM VFR Cross-country Solo flight Basic instrument flight Principles of flight Cockpit procedures Aeroplane Single or multi-engine FSTD Type I PF
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The Proposals contd
Specific Flight Simulation Training Device
(FSTD)

• 2.1.6 The use of a FSTD for acquiring the
  experience or performing any manoeuvre required
  for the demonstration of skill for the issue of a
  licence or rating shall be approved by the
  Licensing Authority, which shall ensure that the
  FSTD used is appropriate to the task
• 2.1.8.2 A Contracting State shall not permit a
  person to carry out instruction on an FSTD
  required for the issue of a licence or rating
  unless such a person holds or has held an
  appropriate licence or has appropriate flight
  training and experience and has received proper
  authorisation from such Contracting State.

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The Proposals contd
FSTD Type 1

• E-Training and part tasking devices approved by
  the Licensing Authority that have the following
  characteristics
• Involve accessories beyond those normally
  associated with desktop computers, such as
  functional replicas of a throttle quadrant, a
  sidestick controller, or an FMS keypad and
• Involve psychomotor activity with appropriate
  application of force and timing of responses.

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The Proposals contd
FSTD Type 2

• A flight simulation training device that
  represents a generic turbine powered aeroplane.
• This requirement can be met by a flight
  simulation training device equipped with a
  daylight visual system and otherwise meeting at a
  minimum the specifications equivalent to FAA FTD
  Level 5, or JAA FNPT II, MCC.

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The Proposals contd
FSTD Type 3

• A flight simulation training device that
  represents a multi-engine turbine powered
  aeroplane certificated for a crew of two pilots
  with enhanced daylight visual system and equipped
  with an autopilot.
• This requirement can be met by a flight
  simulation training device equipped with a
  daylight visual system and otherwise meeting at a
  minimum the specifications for a Level B
  simulator as defined in JAR STD 1A, as amended
  and in FAA AC 120-40B. (Some previously
  evaluated Level A Full flight simulators that
  have been approved for training and checking
  required manoeuvres may be used.)

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The Proposals contd

• Fully equivalent to a Level D Flight Simulator or
  to a Level C Flight Simulator with an enhanced
  daylight visual system.
• Specifications for Level C and Level D simulator
  are defined in JAR STD 1A, as amended and in FAA
  AC 120-40B, as amended, including Alternate Means
  of Compliance (AMOC), as permitted in AC 120-40B.

FSTD Type 4
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The proposals contd
Training Credits
Appendix 2 3. Training Programmes 3.1 A
Licensing Authority may approve a training
programme for a private pilot licence, commercial
pilot licence or instrument rating that allows an
alternative means of compliance with the
experience requirements established by Annex 1,
provided that the approved training organization
demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Licensing
Authority that the training provides a level of
competency at least equal to the minimum
experience requirements for personnel not
receiving such approved training.
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FCLTP Proposals contd
Which means..
NAAs may approve Any course of
training Proposed by a certificated flight
training organisation That meets an equivalent
competency standard For licensing
purposes Competency is the NEW WAY
Experience is the OLD WAY