The French Revolution

1
The French Revolution

• 1789-1815

2
The Old Regime

• First Estate
• Second Estate
• Third Estate

3
Causes of the Revolution

• Governmental debt
• Poor leadership
• Heavy taxes
• Enlightenment ideas
• Desire for privileges
• Gap between rich and poor
• Poor harvest and high bread prices

4
Revolution Dawns

• Calling the Estates- General
• Formation of the National Assembly
• Tennis Court Oath
• Storming of the Bastille
• Great Fear

5
Tennis Court Oath
6
The Fall of the Bastille
7
Reforming France
Louis XVI

• Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizen
• A State- Controlled Church
• Louis XVIs attempt to escape
• New constitution- new assembly- Legislative
  Assembly
• Three Political Groups are Formed

8
War and Extreme Measures

• Europes fear
• Execution of the King, his wife and millions
• Robespierres Reign of Terror

9
Guillotine
10
Louis XVIs execution
11
Napoleon Builds an Empire

• Military Background
• Rises in status
• Coup dEtat
• Restores Order in France and Declares Himself
  Emperor
• Creation of his Empire

12
Bonaparte crossing the Alps.Painting by Louis
David
13
Napoleon Bonaparte needed money for France to
fight two wars. Napoleon offered to sell all of
Louisiana to the United States. The price was
15,000,000 for more than 800,000 square miles.
The purchase doubled the size of the United
States.
14
Coronation of Napoleon by Pope Pius VII,
1804.Painting by Louis David
15
Napoleon, Emperor of France, at his
coronation.Painting by Ingres
16
Empress Josephine at Malmaison, 1799.Painting by
Francois Gerard
17
Napoleons Three Costly Mistakes

• Continental System
• Peninsular War
• Russian Invasion

18
The Continental System 1806-1810
19
Napoleons Demise

• European Coalition brings him down
• Exiled to Elba
• Hundred Days
• Exiled to St. Helena

Napoleon I After his Abdication by Paul Delaroche
20
Congress of Vienna Convenes

• Klemens von Metternich
• Three Goals of the Congress
• Prevent future French aggression
• Balance of Power
• Legitimacy
• Alliances formed
• Concert of Europe- series of alliances to prevent
  outbreak of revolutions
• Holy Alliance- leaders of Russia, Prussia,
  Austria

21
Long term Legacy of Congress

• Alliance system
• Revolutions in Latin America
• Power of France decreased, power of Britain and
  Prussia increased
• Growth of Nationalism- Italy, Germany Greece
• Old ideas of government discarded, ideals of
  democracy looks like the best way to go