Amoeba

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Amoeba
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Amoeba
( Subphylum Sarcodina )
- ????????? - ???????????????? Pseudopodia -
??????????????????? Binary fission, Budding
etc. - ????? form cyst
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Order Amoebida Suborder Tubulina -
??????????? Pathogenic Entamoeba
histolytica
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Non Pathogenic Entamoeba hartmani Entamoeba
coli Entamoeba polecki Endolimax
nan Iodamoeba butschl Dientamoeba fragilis
( ???? Intestine ) Entamoeba
gingivalis (????Buccal cavity)
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- ?????????????? genus ????? nuclear
structure ???????????
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?????????????? nuclear structure ???
Central karyosome karyosome
??????????? e.g. Entamoeba
histolytica Eccentric karyosome
karyosome ?????????????????
e.g. Entamoeba coli
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Peripheral chromatin ?????????????? ??? ???
(fine) e.g. Entamoeba histolytica
?????????? (plague) e.g. Entamoeba coli
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- ?????????????? 2 forms ??? 1. Trophozoite
stage 2. Cyst stage - ??????????????? cyst
?????????? nucleus ??????? 1 ??? - ??????
trophozoite ??????? motile stage ???????? nucleus
????? 1 ???
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????????????????????????

• 1. Entamoeba histolytica
• ????????????? Entamoeba histolytica
• ???? Trophozoite ?? 2 strain

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1.1 Histolytica type


???? 20 - 35 um ?????????? virulent strain
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1.2 Minuta type E. dispar
???? 10 - 20 um ??????? Food vacuole ( Food
partical ) ?????????? Bacteria, ??????????
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• ???? cyst stage ??????? Infective stage
• ????????? ???? 12 - 20 um
• ????? 1 - 4 nuclei
• ???????????????????????????? ( unstain )

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??????????????? ( stain )
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2. Entamoeba hartmani - ?????? nucleus ?????
E. histolytica
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- ???? Trophozoite ???? 10 - 13 um
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- ???? Cyst ???????????? 10 um
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3. Entamoeba coli - ????????? nucleus
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- ???? Trophozoite
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4. Endolimax nana - ????? limax
?????????????? karyosome ???????
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- Trophozoite ???? 6 - 15 um - cyst 1 - 4
nuclei - Non - pathogenic (
??????????????????? invade )
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5. Iodamoeba butschlii - ???????????
Iodine - ?????? lumen ???????????? -
??????????? 1 ??? ( Derick , 1948 )
??????????? ????????? ??? ????
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6. Dientamoeba fragilis - Trophozoite ??
2 nuclei - ???? 5 - 15 um
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7. Entamoeba gingivalis - ????? Buccal
cavity - ????? cyst
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Entamoeba histolytica
???????????????????????????? Pathogenic -
??????????????? Amoebiasis ( ???????? )
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- Distribution ????????????
????????????????? ????????????????????????
????? ?????????????? - Infective stage
??? Mature cyst ( ??????? nucleus 4 ??? )
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- Mode of infection ????????? muture cyst
?????? ?????????????????????? ( ????????
chlorine ???????????? cyst ??? )
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Life cycle
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??????????? ( Clinical )
??????????? 2 ??? 1. Intestinal
amoebiasis - ??????????????? amoebiasis
?????????????? ?????????? 1.
?????????????(amoebic dysentery)
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2. ??????????????? ( amoeboma ) ?????????????
?????????????????????? 3. ???????????????????????
? ( haemorrhage )
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2. Extraintestinal amoebiasis -
??????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????? 1.
?????????????????? ( amoebic liver
abscess ) 2. ??????????????????
( amoebic lung abscess )
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3. ??????????????????? ( amoebic brain
abscess ) 4. ????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????? ??????????
( cutaneous amoebiasis )
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??????????????? ( Diagnosis )
1. Direct method - ??????????????????????
1.1 Intestinal amoebiasis - ?????? cyst
??? trophozoite ??????????
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1.2 Extraintestinal amoebiasis -
?????? cyst ??? trophozoite
?????????? ????????? ???? ?????????
2. Indirect method - ????????????????????
immunology
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???????? ( Treatment )
???????? ?????? Metronidazole
Diiodohydroxyquin Chloroquine
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???????????????????
( Control and Prevention )
1. ???????????????????????????? 2.
????????????????????????? 3.
??????????????????????? 4. ???????????????????
?
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Acanthamoeba sp.
- ?????????????? Free-living ???
?????????????????? ????????????? Facultative
Parasite
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?????????????
??????????? ????? ????? (
???????????????????? ) ???????? ??????
????????? ????????????? ?????????
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??????? ?? 2 ???? ???
1. Trophozoite ?????????????????? ????
10-25 um ?????????????
??????????????????? ?????????
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2. Cyst ???? 10-20 um ?? nucleus 1 ???
???? 2 ???? ( ???????????????????? cyst
????????????????????? ) cyst ?????????????????????
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Mode of infection
?????????????????????? nasopharynx (
???????????????????????????????? ???????? )
???????????? ????????? ???????
?????????????????? ???? ??????????????????????
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??????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????? ???????? Granulomatous amoebic
encephalitis (GAE) ??????????????????????????
( Acanthamoebic keratitis )
?????????????????? ( Pneumonitis )
?????????????????????????? ( Subacute
granulomatous dermatitis )

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???????????????????????
????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????
????????????????????????????? ???????? GAE
?????????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????
?????????????? ?????????????????????????????????
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?????????????? ( Diagnosis )
????????????????????????????????????
????????? Trophozoite ????????????????????????
??????????????? ??????????????? (
???????????????? trophozoite ??? cyst ) (
Chang, 1971 )
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???????? ( Treatment ) ???????????????????????
???????? ?????????????????????????????
???????? ????????????????????????????????
?????????? ?????????????????????
?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???
?????????? ??????????????????????????
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Trophozoite
????????????????????
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Naegleria fowleri
- ??????? Pathogenic free-living amoebae
???????????? Acanthamoeba - ????????????????????
????????????? 45 oC ??????????????????????????
???? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????????????
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??????? ( Morphology )
?????????????????????????????? ??? ?????????
??????? 1. Amoeboid stage ??????????
Trophozoite ??? Cyst - Trophozoite
???? 7 - 20 um
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- Cyst ???? 7 - 10 um
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2. Flagellate stage
????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????
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Mode of infection
????????????? ???? Flagellate
?????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????? Nasal cavity
????????????? Olfactory nerves
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Route of infection
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??????????
???????? ??????????????????????????
????????????? ??????????????? Primary amoebic
meningoencephalitis ( PAM )
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???????????????????????
?????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????? (
??????????????? ????? ) ????????????????
????????????????? ??????? ??? ??????
???????????????????? infection 3 ???
????????????????? ??????????? 5 - 6 ???
???????????????????
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?????????????? ( Diagnosis )
???????????????????????????????? ( CFS ,
Cerebral spinal fluid ) ?????????? Wright
stain ????????????? ?? karyosome ????????
????????????????? ?????????????????????????????
?????? ????????????????????? ????? 220 ??.
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???????? ( Treatment )
??????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????? ????????
??????????????????????? Amphotericin B
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??????????
?????????????????? ??????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????
????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????
???????????????????? ( ???????????????????????
?????????????? Young active persons
????Healthy persons )
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Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba
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????????????????? PAM ??? GAE
PAM GAE ?????? Naegleria
fowleri Acanthamoeba ????????????
???????????????? ????????

?????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????
subacute, chronic
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PAM GAE ????????? Hemorragic
necrotizing Mutiple discrete
purulent leptomeningitis necrotic
foci ???? ???? ????????
?????????? trophozoite ?????? cyst ???

trophozoite