Medieval Time Period

1
Medieval Time Period
2
King Edward the Confessor

• Got his name because he built Westminster Abbey
• Ruled England for 23 years
• Had no heirs when he died

3
Edwards death left a 3 way fight for the throne

• Harold Godwinson
• Advisor to Edward
• Brother-in-law to Edward
• Becomes the last Anglo-Saxon King

4
Harald Hardrada

• King of Norway
• Had an agreement with the king (Harthacut) before
  Edward
• If either of them died, the other could have
  their throne.
• King Harthacut dies, but Hardrada is busy at home
  and doesnt take the throne
• Now he wants the throne

5
William, Duke of Normandy

• Distant cousin to Edward
• Claims Edward said he
• would by his successor
• Claims Godwinson swore to
• support him
• Pope excommunicated Godwinson.

6
The Normans

• Descendants of the Vikings
• Settled in Northwestern France

7
(No Transcript)
8
Battle of Hastings

• William the Conqueror invades England
• Marches to Hastings
• Battles King Harold Godwinson
• Defeats Harold
• Most of the Saxon
• aristocrats die.

9
Norman Rule

• William ruled England for 21 years
• William seized the land and turned it over to his
  Norman followers
• 1066 brought the largest change of land ownership
  in the history of England.

10
Feudalism

• Caste System
• Property System
• Military System
• Based on a religious concept of hierarchy
• William stands at the top of the pyramid
• He gives land to his overlords
• They give land to their vassals
• Vassals have landless knights
• Serfs were at the bottom

11
Domesday Book

• Inventory of land, cattle, buildings

12
Power of Feudal System Undermined

• Absolute power of king eroded
• King John is forced to sign Magna Carta in 1215
• Document stating that the king cant ax the
  barons without their consent
• Basis for English constitutional law
• 3 laws that were developed from it
• Trial by jury, legislative taxation, habeas corpus

13
Knights

• One of three types of fighting men

14
Knights were covered in layers of armor
15
It was very expensive to be a knight armor and
horses were very costly.
16
Foot Soldiers

• These soldiers fought on foot

17
Archers
18
Steps to become a knight

• Son of a knight
• Began to strengthen body
• Learned how to fight with spear and sword

19

• Rode horses
• Practiced against a quintain
• Taught to read and write
• Taught to sing and dance

20
At age 15/16 the boy became a squire

• A squire was in service to a knight
• He helped to dress the knight
• Served the knights meals
• Cared for the knights horse
• Cleaned the knights armor
• Assisted in tournaments
• Learned how to handle a sword while wearing 40
  pound of armor.

21
Chivalry

• Chivalry- the sum of the ideal qualifications of
  a knight
• the rules and customs of medieval knighthood
• Codes of Chivalry
• Promised to defend weak
• Serve God
• Shouldnt Boast
• Be courteous to women
• Be humble
• Give mercy to vanquished enemy
• Always act with honor