Podstawowe czynnosci resuscytacyjne BLS

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Podstawowe czynnosci resuscytacyjneBLS
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Cel

• Zrozumiec
• Zagrozenia dla ratownika
• Jak przeprowadzic BLS
• Róznice pomiedzy BLS przeprowadzanym przez osoby
  niefachowe i personel medyczny

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Risks to the rescuer

• Eliminate or minimise risk
• Manual Handling
• Beware of environmental danger
• traffic
• electricity
• gas
• water

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Risks to the rescuerpoisoning

• Hydrogen cyanide or hydrogen sulphide gas
• mask and non-return
• Corrosive chemicals
• absorbed through skin and respiratory tract
• protective clothing

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Risks to the rescuerinfection

• 15 documented cases of CPR related infection -
  mainly Neisseria meningitidis
• Tuberculosis
• Not hepatitis B or C, or CMV
• 3 cases of HIV transmission from high-risk
  cutaneous exposure

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Risks to the rescuerprecautions against
infection

• Gloves and eye protection
• Sharps box
• Face-mask with one-way valves
• Manikins
• clean regularly

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Assessment

• Ensure safety of
• rescuer and victim

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Is the victim responsive?YES

• Check for injuries
• Reassess
• Get help

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Is the victim responsive?NO

• Shout for help
• Open their airway
• Check for breathing

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Opening the airway

• Head tilt
• Chin lift
• If cervical spine injury suspected
• jaw thrust

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Assess Breathing

• Look for chest movement
• Listen for breath sounds
• Feel for expired air
• Assess for 10 seconds before deciding breathing
  is absent

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Is the victim breathing?YES

• If safe, use recovery position
• Telephone for help
• Reassess at intervals

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• Recovery Position 1st Stage

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• Recovery Position 2nd Stage

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• Recovery Position 3rd Stage

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• Recovery Position 4th Stage

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Is the victim breathing?NO

• Telephone for help
• Give two slow effective rescue breaths
• Make up to 5 attempts

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Rescue breathing(Expired air ventilation)

• Occlude victims nose
• Maintain chin lift
• Take a deep breath
• Ensure a good mouth-to-mouth seal

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Rescue breathing(Expired air ventilation)

• Blow steadily (2 sec) into victims mouth
• Watch for chest rise
• Maintain chin lift, remove mouth
• Watch chest fall

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• Watch for chest fall

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• Finger sweep

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Assess Circulation

• Look, listen and feel for normal breathing,
  coughing, or movement by the victim
• Check the carotid pulse (if trained)
• Take no more than 10 seconds

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Is a circulation present?YES

• Continue with rescue breathing
• Reassess for signs of a circulation
• about every minute

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Is a circulation present?NO

• Start chest compressions
• Continue with rescue breathing

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Identify costal margin
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• Chest compressions

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• One Person CPR

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Chest compression breath ratio

• 15 compressions 2 breaths for
• 1-person CPR
• 2-person CPR

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When to go for help?

• Go for help immediately
• More than one rescuer
• Single rescuer
• adult with cardiac problem, once established that
  patient not breathing

• CPR for 1 minute first
• Trauma
• Drowning
• Drug or alcohol intoxication
• Infant or child

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Continue resuscitation until

• Qualified help arrives and takes over
• The victim shows signs of life
• You become exhausted

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Mouth-to-nose ventilation

• If mouth-to-mouth technically difficult
• If mouth seriously injured
• Rescue from water
• Resuscitation carried out by a child
• Aesthetic reasons

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Compression-only CPR

• Reluctance to perform mouth-to-mouth ventilation
• Chest compression alone better than no CPR
• If possible combine with head tilt
• Appropriate for telephone-CPR

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Cervical spine injury?

• If possible, maintain alignment of head, neck and
  chest
• Minimum head tilt only
• Jaw thrust preferable
• Assistance often required

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• Choking
• Back Blows

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• Abdominal Thrusts

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In-hospital Basic Life Support
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Any Questions?
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Summary

• ABC of basic life support
• rescue breathing
• chest compressions
• modifications