NUTRITION You are what you eat!

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NUTRITIONYou are what you eat!
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Nutrition

• All body processes related to food growth,
  development and health

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Good and Bad

• Optimum function
• Feel good
• Look good
• More successful

• Hypertension
• Atherosclerosis
• Osteoporosis
• Malnutrition

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Seven Basic Components

• Proteins
• Carbohydrates
• Fats (Lipids)
• Water

• Fiber
• Vitamins
• Minerals

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Calories

• Protein 1 gram 4 calories
• Carbohydrate 1 gram 4 calories
• Fat 1 gram 9 calories

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Proteins 20

• Build repair cells tissues
• Made from amino acids
• 20 necessary, 9 essential (complete)

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Proteins

• Provide long-term energy 4 calories per gm
• Basic body components

• Amino Acids (22) 9 essential
• Complete animal sources
• Incomplete vegetable sources

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Carbohydrates 50-60

• 2/3 of daily energy needs
• Simple sugars
• Complex grains, fruits, etc.

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Carbohydrates

• Major source of energy 4 calories per gm
• Found in cheaper food sources
• Provide fiber

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Fat 30

• Concentrated energy
• Transport Vit A,D,E,K
• Saturated solid
• Unsaturated - liquid

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Fats/Lipids

• Concentrated energy 9 calories per gm
• Fat soluble vitamins a,d,e,k
• Flavor source

• Saturated hard bad
• Unsaturated soft - good

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HDL vs LDL

• Lipoproteins that carry cholesterol and
  triglycerides in the blood
• HDL good clean arteries by taking lipids to
  liver for elimination
• LDL bad primary risk factor for heart attack
  (clog arteries)

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Vitamins

• Needed for essential functions
• Water soluble
• Fat soluble

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Minerals

• Regulate body fluids
• Growth
• Build tissues

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Water

• No calories
• 65 of body
• Needed for fluid balance, as solvent, to aid
  digestion, remove waste

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Water

• Essential for digestion
• Plasma
• 6 8 glasses
• Reabsorption

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Water Problems

• Dehydration severe loss of water (fever,
  vomiting, diarrhea)
• Edema severe retention of water (kidney
  disease, heart failure)
• Pitting edema leaves indentation on body part
  (1 4 plus)

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Food Pyramid

• Visual picture
• Food groups
• Number of servings from each

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Modified Diets

• Allergies Common allergens are wheat, milk, eggs
  chocolate.
• Anemia Need iron. Found in liver, egg yolks,
  dark green veges, beans, fortified foods.

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Modified Diets

• Cancer Need calories vitamins A, C, D E.
• Diabetes Modifies blood sugar levels. Food
  exchanges divided into 6 areas.
• Heart disease Lower cholesterol, triglycerides
  and calories.

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Processes

• Digestion change food physically
• Absorption move from digestive to circulatory
  systems
• Metabolism change food to energy in cells