Methods of Instruction

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Methods of Instruction
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Methods of Instruction

• Characteristics
• ILLUSTRATED LECTURE
• DEMONSTRATION
• DISCUSSION

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ILLUSTRATED LECTURE

• Uses words and or instructional aids to convey
  ideas
• Instructor controlled
• Best method for large groups or lots of
  information in short time
• overheads -videotape -movies
• slides -posters -displays
• handouts -models

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DEMONSTRATION

• Involves skills training
• Instructor controlled
• Only way to teach a skill
• practical sessions -skill sessions
• evaluations

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DISCUSSIONS

• Effective when students have background
• Instructor control varies with type
• Best used for problem solving and simulation
• guided discussion -conference
• case study -role playing
• brainstorming -critiques?

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Techniques for Presentations

• Illustrated lectures
• relate to student need
• keep students involved
• know when to use aids
• use actual examples
• use only 1 aid at a time

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Techniques for Presentations

• Demonstrations
• be thoroughly prepared -allow space
• be sure everyone can see
• explain carefully

• The Presentation
• 1. Normal speed
• 2. Slowly with explanation
• 3. Slowly with student explanation
• Application
• provide assistance
• practice 3X correct
• evaluate with 2 inst..
• use skill sheets

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Techniques for Presentations

• Discussions
• define objectives
• clarify topics
• allow sufficient time
• encourage and expect alternative answers
• use leading questions
• keep discussion on topic
• summarize

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Questioning Techniques

• Types
• direct
• overhead
• rhetorical
• relay

• Techniques
• avoid yes/no questions
• dont bluff
• pause for students to answer
• avoid answering your own questions

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LESSON PLANS
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CHARACTERISTICS OF LESSON PLANS

• Organizes lesson
• Identifies key points
• Can be reused
• Can be used by others
• Available
• Assures consistency

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The Four-step Method of Instruction

• Preparation
• Prepare the students to learn
• Presentation
• Provide information
• Application
• Students practice skill or knowledge
• Evaluation
• Verify that learning has occurred

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Components of a Lesson Plan

• A. Topic
• identifies the subject
• obtain info from occupational analysis
• B. Time Frame
• how long it will take to teach lesson
• C. Instruction Level
• degree of mastery a subject will be taught

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Components of a Lesson Plan

• D. Behavioral Objectives.
• what student will do
• define condition, behavior, standard
• E. Materials Needed
• list of supplies
• projector, slides etc.
• F. References
• what material used to present the lesson

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Components of a Lesson Plan

• G. Preparation
• 1st step in 4 step method
• prepares student to learn
• H. Presentation
• 2nd step in 4 step method
• information to be given to students
• info must be covered

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Components of a Lesson Plan

• I. Instructor Notes
• personalization
• J. Application
• 3rd step in 4 step
• chance for students to practice
• give as much time as needed
• K. Lesson Summary
• recap
• closing statements

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Components of a Lesson Plan

• L. Evaluation
• 4th step in 4 step method
• verifies learning has taken place
• feedback to student about their progress
• M. Assignment
• information required before next class session
• readings
• research
• practice