Oregon Biodiesel

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Oregon Biodiesel

• Sam Hammond
• HC399
• Fall 08

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Biodiesel Overview

• Can be made from plant oils or animal fats
• As well as used grease from restaraunts and major
  food processing facilities
• Biodiesel can be blended with conventional diesel
  to run in normal diesel engines or it can be used
  stand alone in modified diesel engines
• Usually B5 or B20
• Some Benefits of Biodiesel over conventional
  diesel
• Increases rural development
• Greater Energy Security (renewable)
• Less CO2 emissions
• Average Exhaust Emissions for 100 Biodiesel
  Compared to Petroleum Diesel Fuel
• Regulated Exhaust Emissions B100
• Particulate Matter-47
• Carbon Monoxide-48
• Total Unburned Hydrocarbons-67
• Nitrogen Oxides10
• Non Regulated Emissions
• Sulfates-100
• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)-80
• Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  (nPAH)-90
• Speciated Hydrocarbons Ozone Forming Potential-50

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Biodiesel OverviewBasic Production from crops

• The steps in biodiesel production from crops can
  be layed out in fairly basic terms
• The first step is to plant, grow, then harvest
  the oilseed crops being processed
• The harvest needs to then be transported to the
  processing facility
• Oil extration via cold press or hexane extraction
• Then process resulting oil into biodiesel

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Biodiesel OverviewBasic Production from waste
oils

• This is a much simpler process since it does not
  involve waiting for crops being grown. Some
  biodiesel crops are also only seasonal, but this
  process can be done year round
• Basically, the oil from restaurants, food
  processing facilities, and other sources has to
  be collected and transported to the biodiesel
  production facility
• Then it can be cleaned and processed into
  biodiesel

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Biodiesel Production Byproducts

• Two main byproducts
• Glycerol
• Seedmeal
• What is to be done with the byproducts?

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Basic Biodiesel Equation
www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/fuelfactsheets/prod_qu
ality.pdf
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www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/fuelfactsheets/prod_qu
ality.pdf
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Biodiesel Production in Oregon

• There are currently only two facilities in Oregon
  that produce biodiesel
• SeQuential Biofuels
• Green Fuels of Oregon

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Biodiesel Production in OregonCrops that are
can/are grown in Oregon to use as biodiesel

• Oregon climate offers a variety of oilseed crops
  that can be grown here
• Canola, Rapeseed, Mustard, Camelina, Flax Seed,
  and Safflower

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Biodiesel Production in OregonSeQuential Biofuels

• Processing facility is currently in Salem
• 1 million gallons / year
• They primarily used used cooking oil
• Secondary use of oilseed crops
• Partners with Willamette Biomass Processors
• Crush 100 million pounds of oilseed / year
• Currently looking to expand Salem facility

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Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon

• Current restriction on canola in Willamette
  Valley
• If changed, its estimated that 50,000 acres
  could be used for oilseed crops
• This could furnish an 8 to 10 million gallon
  biodiesel facility

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Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon

• Factors that cannot be changed
• Currently in Eastern Oregon canola can only be
  grown twice in a five year cycle
• In Western Oregon canola can only be grown once
  in a four year cycle
• Limits production of biodiesel

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Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon

• Feedstock prices have majorly increased
• Canola doubled since 2006
• Soybean nearly doubled
• Methanol has tripled

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Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon

• Lack of infrastructure
• Not enough crushing facilities to support
  biodiesel production
• Currently minor crushing capacity and a lone
  plant in Salem making biodiesel

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Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon

• Low Demand for biodiesel
• Many consumers do not realize that biodiesel
  actually has less emissions than regular diesel
• They think it is just the same as normal diesel

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Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon

• Currently biodiesel facilities rely on incentives
  to create market pull and provide money to help
  cover cost of production
• Feedstock is 80 of the price
• Prices used to be about 13 cents a pound
• Which turns in about 2.44/gallon biodiesel for
  production
• 2008 canola prices are 27 cents per pound
• Which turns to 5.06/gallon production cost

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• http//www.sqbiofuels.com/
• http//www.oregon.gov/ODA/do_reports_biodiesel.sht
  mlBiodiesel_processing_steps_and_byproducts
• http//www.willamettebiomass.com/
• http//www.biodiesel.com/
• http//encoreoils.com/
• www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/fuelfactsheets/prod_qu
  ality.pdf