Net Neutrality: A must in a free society

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Net Neutrality A must in a free society

• Joseph Haynes
• Greg Belle
• Nick Dzierzeski

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Definition of the Internet

• A system connecting networks around the world
  using TCP/IP, which stands for Transmission
  Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, a set of
  standards for transmitting and receiving digital
  data. The Internet consists primarily of the
  collection of billions of interconnected
  computers (Economides 2008).

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How the Internet Works
As you can see, your ISP is what connects your
computer to the internet, which other computers
and servers connect to via their ISP. There are
several ways to connect to the ISP, which include
using a dial-up modem over a phone line, cable,
or satellite.
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Definition of Net Neutrality

• Net Neutrality is a network design paradigm that
  argues for broadband network providers to be
  completely detached from what information is sent
  over their networks.

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This chart shows the worlds Internet
restrictions. Internet black holes mean that data
information is really sucked up in a void meaning
that it is there but it will just keep coming and
coming. A lot of smaller under developed
countries surveillance their Internet like Iran
that blocks twitter feeds because of the recent
Iran elections. Some countries as you can see
have minor or no restrictions on the Internet.
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Our Stance on Net Neutrality

• We, as a group, are for net neutrality, keeping
• the internet the same as it was since its
• inception.

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Table of Contents

• History of the Internet
• History of Net Neutrality
• Seven Reasons Why the Internet should be Neutral
• Politics and Net Neutrality
• Economy and Net Neutrality
• Religion and Net Neutrality
• Philosophy and Net Neutrality
• Culture and Net Neutrality
• Legality and Net Neutrality
• Arguments against Net Neutrality

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History of the Internet

• In 1934 the Communications Act became law. First
  attempt to regulate phone lines by FCC.
• Vannevar Bush first proposed the basics of
  hypertext in 1945.
• In 1958, Bell System announced its Data Phone
  service using regular phones circuits (Anderberg
  2007).
• In 1962, DARPA lead the way in developing the
  Internet.

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History of Internet Pt. 2

• In 1969, the network known as ARPANET was created
  to connect 4 databases owned by universities in
  the southwestern U.S.
• In 1989, the Internet grew in popularity as its
  host amount breaks 100,000.
• Hypertext Markup Language (First Version of HTML)
  was formally published on June 1993.
• In 1994, the Internet grew by 341,634

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History of Internet Pt. 3

• In 2003, the phrase network neutrality was
  coined when Law Professor Tim Wu presented a
  paper at the Silicon Flatirons conference in
  Boulder Colorado.
• In 2004, the FCC gained control of the
  telecommunication industry, introduced the Four
  Freedoms
• In 2006, Net Neutrality hit mainstream with the
  musician Moby appearing at a Capitol Hill press
  conference

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History of Internet Pt. 4

• In 2006, a bill was struck down when the House
  voted 269-152 to reject Representative Ed
  Markeys net neutrality amendment to the COPE
  telecom reform bill, HB 5252.
• In 2007, the Internet giant Google finally flexed
  its muscles with its hiring of former MCI
  lobbyist Rick Whitt.
• In 2008, the FCC made a critical decision when it
  found by a 3-2 vote Comcast guilty of violating
  Internet principles. In September of the same
  year, Comcast filed an appeal to the FCCs
  actions.

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The Seven Reasons for N.N.

1. Economic Recovery and Prosperity
2. Free Speech
3. Civic Participation
4. Marketplace of Ideas
5. Social Justice
6. Rise of Telecom companies
7. Political Opportunity

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Senator Ted Stevens

• Senator Ted Stevens (Chairmen of commerce) which
  means he is in charge of commerce over the
  internet. He has a limited understanding of the
  Internet and Net Neutrality (Stevens 2009). John
  Stewart explains the epic failure that is Ted
  Stevens
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vgfga4bFIUoc

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Politics Net Neutrality

• Most democrats agree with net neutrality and
  republicans disagree with it. Republicans are
  telling Obama that net Neutrality laws are
  harmful (Karr 2009). Let it be known the net was
  neutral since its beginning. The way the internet
  is now is the way it always has been. Our stance
  is it should stay this way.

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Economic Contributions Against Net Neutrality
These are companies that have shown top
contributions of money to representative
republican Joe Barton of Texas for fighting
against net neutrality. These are the top
companies who help run the Internet.
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Economics

• Net Neutrality is the building block of the
  abundance-based economy on the Internet.
  Significantly effecting the dollars that we would
  have back in our pockets, online publishers
  would, under Net Neutrality be able to raise
  its cost of publishing back to its former level.
  When Net Neutrality ends, the monopoly begins
  again. Sites like West Seattle Blog are
  profitable because of this reason.

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Economics Continued..

• The nightmare situation of having to pay a
  company like Comcast to keep the Blog would
  effectively put the blog out of business. As of
  now, publishing is essentially free. The only
  thing that you need is a monthly internet
  service. If the old economics come back to the
  forefront, preferential treatment will come from
  customers who pay. Only larger news organizations
  would be able to afford the cost of ensuring
  website in peoples homes (Preston 2009).

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Religion Net Neutrality

• Relating to the economics of Net Neutrality, the
  religious aspects of Net Neutrality would be
  extremely affected if legislation is not passed.
• Under the Bush administration, the religious
  right blog and evangelical social networking
  lines were withering away.
• Without Network Neutrality, leaders of all
  religions would have harder times reaching out to
  people outside their normal congregation
  (Religious 2009).

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Religion Net Neutrality Continued..

• Huge controversy was unleashed when Comcast
  blocked the King James Bible. Comcast was also
  accused for suppressing Christians in China by
  blocking online programs and other organizations
  from reaching Chinas people (Jones 2008).

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Philosophy Net Neutrality

• The philosophy of Net Neutrality is broken up
  into three course beliefs.
• First, Digital technology, if unshackled is a
  powerful means for creating an egalitarian
  society.
• Secondly, the end-to-end design of the Internet
  is open to innovation.

Continued on Next Page
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Philosophy Net Neutrality Continued.

• Third, and lastly, market players should not
  control the Internet (Cleland 2009). Those who
  believe in Network Neutrality generally have a
  strong stance on the freedom of speech. The
  people on Network Neutrality also want to make it
  clear that they do not want to force ISPs to
  avoid differentiating themselves. What they
  dont want is for them to do it in ways that is
  determined out of bounds (Anderson 2009).

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Culture Net Neutrality

• Our culture is a very dynamic one. Throughout
  the years it has seen many changes in fact our
  culture has drastically changed even in the past
  100 years. Although many cultural changes are
  brought about by world events, even more changes
  are brought by technological innovations, such as
  the internet.

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Culture Net Neutrality Continued

• The way our culture communicates has been
  changed by the internet. Never before has
  instant communication from countries from all
  over the world been possible in such a new way.
  This opens the issue of Net Neutrality with
  countries who wish to censor or silence their
  populace.

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Culture Net Neutrality Continued

• One recent example that immediately comes to
  mind was the debated Iranian election. Public
  outrage ensued when Mahmoud Ahmadi Nejad was
  re-elected in what seemed to be a rigged vote.
  The public of Iran rushed to the Internet posting
  pictures and videos from their phones from the
  protests. This was regarded as one of the first
  time a major protest was displayed in such a way.
  Thousands of people in Iran posted up to the
  minute updates on their Twitter pages,
  detailing police brutalities among other things.
  This is where net neutrality comes in, as the
  government started shutting down access to the
  Internet to quiet the public.

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Legal Issues

• Who has the right to hold the reigns to the
  Internet? Do the telecommunication companies own
  the Internet?
• The answer is no. Telecommunication companies
  are merely a means to an end. In other words,
  they are merely the gateway to the Internet they
  dont own the Internet themselves.
• Telecommunication companies should be concerned
  with providing the best product to their
  customers rather than limiting their output. If
  they decide to change the current system,
  assuredly the people would not stand for it,
  nobody wants a regulated Internet (Press 2006).

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Legal Issues Continued

• For fair market competition, internet service
  providers should be able to facilitate a similar
  experience for a similar price across the board,
  otherwise connecting to the internet will become
  a monopoly scheme directed towards the highest
  bidding telecommunication company that provides
  the best plan.

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Arguments Against Net Neutrality

• Argument
• Net Neutrality would keep broadband access
  providers from offering more than one service
• Rebuttal
• With Net Neutrality, you are offered a choice.
  If the internet was not neutral you would be
  forced to utilize certain products dictated by
  the service provider, to illustrate this
  metaphorically, this would be like being forced
  to use Pepsi or Coke depending on the restaurants
  (internet service provider) you are utilizing.
• But the difference between Internet service
  providers restaurants is that you have the
  freedom to go to a different restaurant or store
  to obtain your preferred soda. If where you live
  determines what service provider you use, or if
  the government of your country is running the
  internet, there is no where for you to turn to
  get the products or services you desire
  (websites, etc.)

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Arguments Against Net Neutrality Continued

• ATT claims that 5 of its users use over 50 of
  the bandwidth. Sandvine reports that over 44 of
  its Internet traffic comes from file sharing.
  While these numbers may sound drastic, they still
  do not justify discrimination on the Internet.
  Claiming the fears of people to be irrational,
  those who oppose Network Neutrality do not look
  at the possible scenarios of a broadband future
  (Davis 2009).

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Concluding Statements

• In conclusion, the Internet should be a neutral
  place for all of its users. Not all cars are
  created are the same, but all should be allowed
  on the highway. The same is true with Internet
  traffic. File sharing and increased usage, as
  well as profits are all issues to the Internet
  corporations. What this is about, though, is the
  consumer. Its the consumer that the corporations
  should cater too, and its the consumer that
  counts.

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Works Cited

• 1. Anderberg, Anthony (2007). History of the
  Internet and Web. Retrieved 10/10/09
  from http//www.anderbergfamily.net/ant/history/
•  
• 2. Anderson, Nate (2009) Network Neutrality or
  Network Neutering. Retrieved from
  http//arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/09/ed
  itorial-network-neutrality-or-network-neutering.ar
  s
•  
• 3. Cicconi, Jim (2008) Net Neutrality A
  Historical Timeline Sidecut Reports. Retrieved
  10/10/09 from http//www.sidecutreports.com/2008/1
  1/16/net neutrality-a-historical-timeline/
•  
• Cleland, Scott (2009) Neutralism Identifying the
  Commons Ideology behind Net Neutrality. Received
  from http//docs.google.com/gview?avqcache3AAG
  iK2dDJVsgJ3Awww.n tcompetition.org2FNeutralism_t
  he_ideology_behind_net_neutrality.pdfm aningbehi
  ndnetneutralityhlenglussigAFQjCNHiOFb4JPbU
  Km2I VuRBAxWqgMncApli1
• 5. Davis, Christopher (2009) Net Neutrality
  Good for a few, Bad for most. Retrieved from
  http//wistechnology.com/articles/6649/
•   
• 6. Economides, Nicholas (2008). "Net
  Neutrality", Non-Discrimination and
  Digita Distribution of Content Through the
  Internet . Retrieved 10/10/09, from
  aei brookings.org
•   
• 7. Howe, Walt (2009). A Brief History of the
  Internet. Retrieved 10/10/09. From http//www.walt
  howe.com/navnet/history.html
•   

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Works Cited

• 8. Jones, Lawrence (2008) Christian Coalition
  Backs New Neutrality at FCC Hearing. Retrieved
  from http//www.christianpost.com/article/20080420
  /christian-coalition-backs net-neutrality-at-fcc-h
  earing/index.html
•  
• 9. Karr, Tim (2009) Seven Reasons Why We Need
  Net Neutrality Now. Retrieved 10/12/09 from
  http//www.huffingtonpost.com/timothy-karr/seven-r
  easons-why we-need_b_250175.html
•   
• 10. Kristula, Dave (2001) The History of the
  Internet. Retrieved 10/10/09 from http//www.daves
  ite.com/webstation/net-history.shtml
•  
• 11. Lakely, James (2009) The Strange Philosophy
  Behind the Movement for Net Neutrality.
  Retrieved from http//www.heartland.org/publicatio
  ns/policy20studies/article/26061/
•  
• 12. Preston, Jason (2009) Why the Future of New
  Brands Hinges on Net Neutrality.Retrieved from
  http//eatsleeppublish.com/why-thefuture of-
  news-brands-hinges-on-net-neutrality/
•   
• 13. Singel, Ryan, September 21, 2009 GOP
  Senators Move to Stop Obama Net Neutrality Rules
  http//www.wired.com/epicenter/2009/09/republican
  net-neutratlity-amendment/
•  
•  
• 14. (2009) Religious Connections. Retrieved
  From http//www.baptistplanet.com/2009/09/net
  -neutrality-and-religion.html
•  
• 15. March 17, 2009, www.Youtube.com, Ted Stevens
  Tubes http//www.youtube.com/watch?vgfga4bFIUoc
•  
• 16. United Press (2006) Experts speak out
  against Network Neutrality. Retrieved from
  http//www.physorg.com/news70725523.html

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Charts and Graphs
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• This graph explains the different bit rates
  experienced by countries with different laws on
  net neutrality. Japan, as you can see puts their
  top priority on the speed of their internet.

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• This graph shows the growing interest of those
  seeking the topic choice of net neutrality. The
  increased awareness caused by celebrities such as
  Moby have brought it to the forefront. Now, it is
  the subject of much debate.

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• As stated previously, the video downloading
  amount has largely increased with the increase in
  bandwidth. This graph illustrates the growing
  demands of the internet and the pressures of
  companies such as Comcast and ATT to limit
  bandwidth usage.

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• Once again, the failure of the United States to
  keep a competent, high speed internet is
  realized. Net Neutrality along with a better
  broadband infrastructure will help the US compete
  in the global Internet race.

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• Effectively showing why those who oppose Net
  Neutrality are misinformed, daily internet
  traffic by 95 of internet users falls in the
  middle of the graph while the remaining few fall
  below or above in the heavy users area in the top
  right corner. This shows there is no reason to
  limit bandwidth. Instead, the United States
  should build a faster internet that keeps up with
  the countries demands.

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• This Verizon ad shows the works of those who seek
  to limit the amount of internet usage. With the
  less expensive plan, a small amount of
  downloadable information is aloud while the more
  expensive plan offers more but a still limited
  download plan.

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• To clear up rumors, this graph breaks down
  internet usage with the use of a pie chart. The
  information shows that while fire sharing carries
  29 of the usage, this is not a reason to allow
  companies to sabotage our internet rights.