TOC / CP TEACH

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• TOC / CP TEACH
• REF FM3.0
• FM5.0
• FM5-0.1
• FM6.0 Appendix
  CD

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AGENDA

• TOC Functions
• Roles and Responsibilities
• Information Management
• TOC Design/Layout
• TOC Manning
• Battle Rhythm/ Shift Change Briefings
• Sustainment

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HOW DO WE SEE OURSELVES IN THE FIGHT?
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Common Problems
Understanding / implementing TOC functions Use
of TOC personnel (especially NCOs and
soldiers) Information management and battle
tracking TOC organization
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Six TOC Functions
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TOC Functions
The six basic TOC functions

• Receive Information
• Distribute Information
• Analyze Information
• Make recommendations to the commander
• Integrate resources
• Synchronize resources

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TOC Functions
Receive Information

• Receive messages, reports, orders
• Monitor tactical situation
• Maintain a journal of all significant
• activities and reports
• Monitor enemy situation
• Maintain status of critical classes of supply

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TOC Functions
Distribute Information

• Submit reports to higher HQ
• Serve as communications relay
• Publish orders and instructions
• Process and distribute information to
• appropriate units or staffs

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TOC Functions
Analyze Information

• Consolidate reports
• Anticipate events and activities, take action
• Conduct predictive analysis
• Identify information that relates to CCIRs
• Conduct MDMP
• Identify the need to execute contingency plans

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TOC Functions
Make Recommendations to the commander

• based on available information and analysis

Integrate and Synchronize Resource

• coordinate, supervise, track, and report
• COA Analysis (Wargaming) during MDMP

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Duties / Responsibilities
Executive Officer S3 Battle Captain Operations /
Battle NCO RTO / Soldiers S1 S2 S4 S6
Situational understanding for CP members
includes knowing who needs what relevant
information and why they need it. FM 5-0.1 The
Operations Process
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Duties / Responsibilities
Executive Officer

• Supervise and coordinate the staff
• CHIEF OF STAFF
• Develops/Supervises the Main CPs Battle Rhythm
• Overall in charge of the MDMP Process
• Monitor BN combat readiness and direct
• actions to improve the status
• Integrate, synchronize and anticipate
• operations from the Main CP

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Duties / Responsibilities
S3

• Prepares, coordinates, and publishes OPORDs
  FRAGOs, and WARNOs (ALL STAFF CONTRUBUTE!!)
• Supervise and coordinate current ops and plans
• Participates in targeting meetings
• Runs the BN TAC CP as required by missions
• Prepares the Operational Estimate and
• Maintains the Running Operational Estimate
• (See FM 5-0 App. E)
• Integrates fire support into operations

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Duties / Responsibilities
Battle Captain

• Supervise efforts of staff NCOs
• Conduct analysis of available information
• - Maintains a wide view of operations step
  back and see the battlefield
• Assist the review and distribution of
  information
• Assist monitoring location and activity of
• friendly units
• Assist the S3 during MDMP
• Briefs patrol leaders on friendly situation
  prior to patrol SP
• Serve as TOC OIC during absence of field
• grades
• CALM DOWN, DONT SPIN, WORK THE ISSUE

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Duties / Responsibilities
OPS SGM/ S3 NCOIC

• Supervise accountability and maint. of
  equipment
• Supervises CP PCCs, PCIs, and battle drill
  training
• Coordinate CP displacement
• Coordinate/Supervise CP setup
  (external/internal)
• Supervise publication of orders / graphics
• Monitor updating of CP information (SIGACTS,
• COP)
• Supervise TOC security plan
• Manage shift, guard, sleep plans
• Assist XO with Battle Rhythm enforcment

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Duties / Responsibilities
Battle Staff NCOs

• Be the SME in their WFF
• Supervise distribution of reports / messages
• Update maps and charts
• Supervise publication of orders / graphics
• Supervise TOC setup / breakdown
• Manage shift, guard, sleep plans
• Assist developing / wargaming COAs
• Serve as recorder during MDMP

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Duties / Responsibilities
RTO / Soldiers

• Monitor the radios
• Receive and record reports
• Update status charts and maps
• Assist publication of orders and graphics
• Assist TOC setup and breakdown
• Serve as recorders during MDMP
• Prepare charts and graphics

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Duties / Responsibilities
S1

• Responsible for maintaining unit strength and
  other human resource support.
• Prepares the Personnel Estimate and Maintains
  the Running Personnel Estimate (See FM 5-0 App.
  E).
• Manages the casualty reporting system including
  soldiers that are KIA (Killed In Action) and WIA
  (Wounded In Action).
• Plans CASEVAC/MEDEVAC for the unit
• Coordinates for finance, legal, and postal
  activities.
• POC for morale support activities.

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Duties / Responsibilities
S2

• Prepares the Intelligence Estimate and
• Maintains the Running Intelligence Estimate
• (See FM 5-0 App. E)
• Roll plays EN forces during MDMP
• Prebriefs Patrol Leaders on EN situation and PIR
  prior to patrol SP
• Debriefs Patrol Leaders following RP

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Duties / Responsibilities
S4

• Responsible for logistical planning
• Prepares the Logistics Estimate and
• Maintains the Running Logistics Estimate
• Responsible for Maintenance Planning / Recovery
  process
• Coordinates with the FSC/HHC to ensure that
  Troops and attachments the unit receive
• - Maintenance support
• - Supply support
• - Transportation support
• - Field services support

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Duties / Responsibilities
S6

• Responsible for communications planning
• Prepares the Signal Estimate and Maintains the
  Running Signal Estimate
• Oversees communication status of the unit.
• Often serves at the unit EWO

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Duties / Responsibilities
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Duties / Responsibilities
Football Team Analogy
BN CDR Head Coach Executive
Officer Offensive Coordinator S3
Defensive Coordinator Battle
Captain Quarterback Operations / Battle
NCO Linebacker RTO / Soldiers Lineman
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Information Management
Information Display Message Handling Battle
Tracking
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Information Management
Information Display

• Charts for plan, prep, execute, post battle
• Identify the CRITICAL information
• Determine display means
• Clear, concise, complete, visible
• Minimize chart clutter
• Routine versus mission specific
• Mini charts in notebook for movement
• Use in garrison for training
• AAR your system

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Information Management
Message Handling

• Identify how specific types of messages
• and information must be processed
• Determine who conducts the action required
• Practice, practice, practice battle drill
• Pre-printed, multi-copy message forms
• Keep TOC noise to a minimum

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Information Flow
Company
Message
Cdr/XO/S3
Battle CPT
S2 FSO S3 Air Avn LNO CA/Psyop Eng Chemo
RTO
CCIR
Shift NCO (QA/QC)
Critical and Exceptional Info Flow
Routine Info Flow

• Distrib
• Higher
• Lower
• Adjacent
• Staff

Journal/ LOG
SIGACTS
Status Chart
Operations Graphics

• Post
• Clipboard
• Message

X
OBJ

• TTPs
• TOC/Staff Huddles
• Empower NCOs to manage the flow of information
  in the TOC
• Have a plan to handle message flowand rehearse
  it
• Use preprinted message forms that produce
  multiple copies

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Information Management
Battle Tracking

• Identify and prioritize critical information
• Develop a system - chart, sketch, matrix
• Understand and enforce the system
• Everyone plays a role
• Information versus journal management
• Standardized map boards
• Which system will be our COP? (CPOF/MCS)

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TOC Layout
Form follows function. - Frank Lloyd Wright
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TOC Layout
Effective common factors...

• High degree of organization
• Tailored to unit requirements
• Do not segregate staff sections
• Do segregate plans from operations

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TOC Layout
Designing your TOC

• Driven by actions associated with
• duties and responsibilities
• Centrally locate XO and Battle Captain
• Traffic control plan
• Storage plan / packing lists
• Message traffic / information flow
• Separate area / tent for plans / briefings
• Plan for different TOC configurations

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Continuous Targeting Situational
Awareness Human To Human Interaction Computers
Provide Info Support Prioritization of Info
Requirements Proactive Anticipation Focus
Does your CP manage information like this?
Or like this?
Attention In The CP! Human To Machine
Interaction Computers Substitute for Situational
Awareness Cells Develop Own Prioritization of
Info Requirements Reactive Procedural Focus
WHY?
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Current Ops Cell Set Up
CPOF COP
MAP
BFT Feed
PRINTER
PRINTER
OPS SGT
S2 REP
BFT
RTO
RTO
DCGS-A
AFATDS
FS NCO
S2 CPOF
CPOF
CPOF
BTL CPT
S3 CPOF BTL NCO
XO/S3
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TOC Setup
Current Operations Cell
S6

• Hard to get to
• Separate from briefing
• Separate from planning

• Separate from Ops
• Allows planners to focus on planning not current
  ops

Planning Cell (S2, S3(P))
Leader Workspace (BC, CSM, XO, S3)

• Easily accessed
• keeps traffic down
• near current ops.

Briefing Tent
Sustainment Cell (S1, S4, CH)
SCAR
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TOC Manning
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BN Battle Rhythm MUST BE SYNCHRONIZED WITH BDE
BTL RHYTHM!!
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MISSION ANALYSIS
COA DEVELOPMENT
WARGAME
ORDER PRODUCTION
A WAY
BN SYNCH
Staff Huddle
1200
1300
BN TGT Meeting
1000
1500
BN DAILY FRAGO
0900
TOC Shift Change
1600
0700
C2 BATTLE RHYTHM Continuous Operations
BN BUB
1800
0600
1900
Shift Change
BDE BUB
2000
BACKBRIEFS
2400
BCT FRAGO
BATTALION CONTINUOUS PLANNING
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TOC Shift Change Briefing

• Use an OPORD format (5 paragraphs), Battle CPT
  and Ops SGT lead, XO/S3 observe and QC
• All briefers cover last 12 and next 12 hours
• Should take 10-15 minutes max
• All TOC personnel!!! Down to the lowest ranking
  soldier
• Outgoing RTO mans the radio, so oncoming can gain
  SA
• Briefed using the COP, show attendees where
  events did or will happen
• NO POWERPOINT NEEDED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
• Habitually conducted
• Conducted during 1 hr overlap, leaves 30 min for
  one on one transition

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CSS Functions
Manning
Sustaining

• PERSTAT, Admin actions
• CASEVAC Operations
• Casualty Tracking/Reporting

• IV/V management
• CASEVAC Operations
• Regen Point
• LOGSTAT Reporting

Arming
Planning

• Ammunition tracking/distro
• Unique CLV needs

• Receive BCT orders
• MDMP for BN orders
• CSS Decision Points
• TOC Functions

Fueling

• CL IIIB and CL IIIP
• Resupply attachments

Execution
Fixing

• AL Net use
• Personnel Losses
• Vehicle Losses
• Maint Recovery

• Recovery/Repair
• O26 vs 5988E vs 02 Parts
• PMCS Quality
• CBT PWR Battle Tracking

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Successful CSS

• ANTICIPATES
• CDRs directives
• Companys needs
• MDMP logistics estimate
• Look at it from units perspective what would
  you need to accomplish your mission?

• IS CONTINUOUS
• Reports are essential
• Improvise as necessary, but then add to your SOP
• SOP (Regen Point, Casualties, Base Defense)

Do we know what we have on-hand?

• IS INTEGRATED
• Platoon through brigade
• Must support the operational plan
• Poor plan CSS reactive instead of proactive

Are companies accurately reporting OH quantities
( needs) on LOGSTATs?
Are we sending an accurate LOGSTAT to Bde?
Are we conducting a LOG Meeting to consolidate
status requirements? Does it cover maintenance,
classes of supply, medical needs, and other
resource needs for the mission/training?

• IS RESPONSIVE
• CSS Team ALWAYS available to companies, BN, and
  Higher HQ
• LOGSTAT / PERSTAT reports

Do we have aggressive representation and
coordination with BCT BSB to get what we need?
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SUMMARY

• TOC Functions
• Roles and Responsibilities
• Information Management
• TOC Design/Layout
• TOC Manning
• Battle Rhythm/ Shift Change Briefings
• Sustainment

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QUESTIONS?
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Common CP Functions

• Maintain Running Estimates
• Information Management
• Develop Dessiminate Orders
• Control Operations
• Assess Operations
• Coordinate with Higher, lower, and adjacent units
• CP Admin (displace, security, Organization,
  continuity of operations)
• Types TAC, Main, Cbt Trains, Field Trains
• Ref FMI 5-0.1 (2-13)

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BUB ROLE IN CONTINUOUS OPS
A WAY
MISSION ANALYSIS
COA DEVELOPMENT
WARGAME
ORDER PRODUCTION
72 HOUR TARGETING PROCESS
TARGETING
FRAGO
SYNCH MEETING
BUB
SYNCHRONIZE TARGET COA 24 HOURS OUT
DEVELOP TARGET COA 48 HOURS OUT
IDENTIFY TARGETS 72 HOURS OUT

• PURPOSE BRIEF THE COMMANDER ON PAST 24 THROUGH
  NEXT 72 HOUR STATUS
• 1. STAFF RUNNING ESTIMATES ANSWER THE SO WHAT
• 2. STATUS OF LAST 24 EXECUTION
• 3. STATUS OF NEXT 24 (RESULTS OF SYNCHRONIZATION)
• WHAT ARE THE DECISION POINTS FOR NEXT 24?
• 4. STATUS OF NEXT 48 (TROOPS TO TASKS)
• NOMINATE TARGETS FOR NEXT 72 (MISSION ANALYSIS)
• BUB INCLUDES OPERATIONS UPDATE, MISSION ANALYSIS
  BRIEF, COA BRIEF, AND BACKBRIEF ALL IN ONE

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ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF STAFF ESTIMATES
COMPREHENSIVE - SEE THE ENEMY, SEE THE
TERRAIN, SEE THEMSELVES CONTINUOUS - NOT
CYCLICAL (CONSTANTLY COLLECT, PROCESS
AND EVALUATE INFORMATION) UPDATE WHEN 1.
COMMANDER AND STAFF RECOGNIZE NEW FACTS 2.
ASSUMPTIONS BECOME FACTS OR ARE INVALIDATED 3.
CHANGE TO MISSION VISUALIZE THE FUTURE - LINK
CURRENT OPERATIONS TO FUTURE PLANS ALL STAFF
OFFICERS KEEP AND UPDATE ESTIMATES
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COMPREHENSIVE BUB AGENDA
A WAY

• INTEL UPDATE
• RUNNING IPB
• WEATHER EFFECTS
• RELIGIOUS / TRIBAL / ECONOMIC ISSUES
• UPDATES TO THREAT MODELS
• UPDATES TO THREAT TTPs
• REVIEW ESTABLISHED PATTERNS / INCIDENT OVERLAYS
• REVIEW HVTs / MSR STATUS
• IDENTIFY CRITICAL MOBILITY AREAS
• REVIEW NEW THREAT COAs FOR BN MISSIONS
• REVIEW ACCIDENTAL / TACTICAL RISKS
• REVIEW ANSWERED REG / BN PIR
• PROPOSE ADDITIONAL PIR

• OPERATIONS
• LAST 24 REG SIG ACTS
• STATUS / MISSIONS OF ALL UNITS
• 24-24-72 HOURS OUT.
• CURRENT FFIR STATUS
• REVIEW ADDITIONAL SPECIFIED, IMPLIED, AND
  ESSENTIAL TASKS
• IDENTIFY NEW CONSTRAINTS
• REVIEW CONTROLS FOR IDENITFIED RISKS
• NEXT 24 DECISION POINTS
• NEXT 48 TROOP TO TASK AND SCHEME OF MANEUVER
• NEXT 72 CAPABILITIES AND RECOMMEDED TARGETS

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COMPREHENSIVE BUB AGENDA
A WAY

• C2
• REVIEW CURRENT STATUS OF ABCS, MSE, FM, HF COMMS
• NEXT 24 COMMUNICATIONS OVERLAYS / IDENTIFY
  DEADSPACE
• NEXT 48 PROPOSE RETRANS LOCATIONS, REFINE
  COORDINATION REQUIREMENTS
• NEXT 72 LIMITATIONS
• LOCATION OF TAC
• LOCATION OF COMMANDERS

• CSS
• LOGISTICS ESTIMATE
• NEXT 24 CONCEPT OF SUPPORT
• NEXT 48 STATUS OF ESSENTIAL SUPPLIES AND
  SERVICES
• NEXT 72 CAPABILITIES

• COMMANDER
• NEXT 24 REVIEWS AND APPROVES DSM
• NEXT 48 REVIEWS TROOP TO TASK AND PRIORITIES
• NEXT 72 REVIEWS TARGET LIST AND SETS INITIAL
  PRIORITIES
• APPROVES CCIR
• IDENTIFIES TIME AND PLACE FOR BACKBRIEFS
• DESIGNATES MISSIONS FOR DELIBERATE COMPLETE MDMP

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CCIR

• Applicable only to the commander that specifies
  it
• Directly linked to present and future tactical
  situation
• Situation-dependent
• Events or activities that are predictable
• Specified by the commander for each operation
• Time-sensitive information that must be
  immediately reported to the commander, staff, and
  subordinate commanders
• Always included in an OPORD or OPLAN
• Transmitted by a communications system specified
  in the SOP

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PIR / EEFI / FFIR

• Priority intelligence requirements are those
  intelligence requirements for which a commander
  has an anticipated and stated priority in his
  task of planning and decision making.
• Essential elements of friendly information are
  the critical aspects of a friendly operation
  that, if known by the enemy, would subsequently
  compromise, lead to failure, or limit the success
  of the operation, and therefore must be protected
  from enemy detection
• Friendly force information requirements are
  information that the commander and staff need
  about the forces available for the operation.

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Information Management
BATTLETRACKING
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS

• Intel
• Maneuver scouts
• Engineer recon
• Mobility Status
• Unit Locations
• Engr vs. Maneuver
• Engineer Mission Status
• IED Status
• Class IV/V Status
• Available in BCT
• Other Sources of Supply
• Infrastructure
• Assets available for Targeting
• Initial / Refined Assessments

• Shift Brief
• Situation
• Enemy
• Friendly
• Slant / assets
• Mission status
• Actions
• Last 12 hrs
• Next 12 hrs
• TOC priorities/tasks for next 12 Hrs
• Issues

So what does this mean? What will happen
next? What are my options? Advantages/disadvanta
ges? Whats your recommendation?

• Cdrs Card
• Sketches
• Dry erase board
• Graphic Intelligence Summaries

HOW CAN WE HELP THE COMMANDER IMPACT THE FIGHT?
HOW DO WE VISUALIZE THE INFO?
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Battle Command Fundamentals
DECIDING, CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS
SEE TERRAIN
BATTLE COMMAND
TIME
SPACE
LEADING, MOTIVATING MORAL PHYSICAL PRESENCE
EMBEDDED- INTENT, VISUALIZATION CURRENT END
STATE
PURPOSE