Nutrition

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Nutrition

• Nutrition is a science that examines the
  relationship between diet and health.

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Food and Nutrition

• Food contains nutrients
• Nutrients are molecules
• Nutrients provide material for growth
• Nutrients provide energy

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The 6 Major Nutrients

• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Proteins
• Water
• Minerals
• Vitamins

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Why is Food Important

• Like an automobile or machine that does work
• The body needs fuel to supply life
• Energy is used for warmth
• Energy is needed for living organisms to survive
• Animals obtain energy by oxidizing food Oxidation
  is the transfer of electron

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Energy Production Cellular Respiration

• The breakdown of glucose and other fuels
• Release of energy as ATP
• Cells in our body recycle the ATP they make to do
  work such as
• Energy production from glucose occurs in the
  mitochondria within all of our cells

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Energy in Foods

• Carbohydrates
• 1 gram carbohydrate 4 calories
• Fats
• 1 gram of fat 9 calories
• Proteins
• 1 gram of protein 4 calories

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CARBOHYDRATES

• Store produce most energy in the body
• ------------- is the breakdown product
• We obtain Glucose through
• Digestion of --------------------
• Glycogen breakdown in cells

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COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

• Contain the element CARBON, C,H,O
• Plant and animal storage forms
• Starch - plants
• Glycogen-humans

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WATER

• The most important/essential nutrients
• Most weight of the human body
• Functions of water
• Blood plasma- liquid part of blood
• Dissolves food/enzymes during digestion
• Dissolves/eliminates waste

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VITAMINS

• Organic compounds that control many body
  functions
• Cannot be made by the body
• Must be obtained from food
• 13 total essential vitamins

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VITAMINS

• B-Vitamins
• -(B1, B2, B3, B6, B12)
• -Folic Acid
• -Pantothenic Acid
• -Biotin
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin D,A, K,E

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MINERALS

• In all important molecules in the body
• The Hemoglobin protein in Red Blood Cells
• Functions to carry oxygen and requires iron
• Anemia lack of iron in blood and results in a
  DECREASE in the amount of oxygen that is
  delivered to cells

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MINERALS

• MINERALS NEEDED IN LARGE AMOUNTS
• Calcium
• Chloride
• Magnesium
• Phosphorus
• Potassium
• Sodium

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MINERALS

• MINERALS NEEDED IN SMALL AMOUNTS
• Fluorine
• Iodine
• Iron
• Zinc

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THE FOOD PYRAMID

• DEVELOPED BY THE USDA
• DIVIDES FOODS INTO SIX GROUPS
• DAILY SERVINGS THAT THE USDA BELIEVES THAT YOU
  SHOULD EAT
• SERVING SIZES FOR EACH FOOD GROUP
• DIFFERENT PYRAMIDS FOR MANY ETHNIC GROUPS HAVE
  BEEN ESTABLISHED

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EATING FOR GOOD HEALTH

• Teen girls need 2200 calories/day
• Teen boys need 2800 calories/day
• Where you GET your calories is as IMPORTANT as
  getting the right amount
• CHO 50-60 Daily Calories
• PROTEIN10-20 Daily Calories
• FAT20-30 Daily Calories
• www.my pyramid.gov

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CALCULATIONS

• GIRLS Based on 2200 calorie diet
• 1. CHO 60 .60 x 2200 1320 cal/day
• 2. FAT 30 .30 x 2200 660 cal/day
• 3. PRO 10-20 220-440 cal/day
• BOYS Based on 2800 calorie diet
• 1. CHO 60 .60 x 2800 1680 cal/day
• 2. FAT 30 .30 x 2800 840 cal/day
• 3. PRO 10-20 280-560 cal/day