TESTING GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS

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TESTING GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS
LEGALITIES

• DR.K.S.MANJA

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• GMO- Plants created for food
• Desired traits
• Genes CaMV 35S Promoter
• NOS Terminator
• Bar gene
• Pat gene
• 45 Soya
• 50 cotton
• 60 Super Market

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• U.K. -- Resist
• Regulatory mistakes
• Mistrust
• Gene flow
• Threat to biodiversity
• Allergens
• Antibiotic resistance transfer
• Labelling ?

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• What to test for ?
• Introduced DNA
• Expressed product
• Protein based product
• Use western blot technique
• Immunoassay
• Sensitivity 1

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• ELISA
• Highly sensitive (0.25)
• Limitation if protein not expressed
• DNA - PCR/Southern Blot
• 20 pg. to 10 ng.
• Quantitative PCR
• Real time PCR

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• Non-destructive testing
• Near infrared spectroscopy
• Less than 1 min.
• PCR Protein
• Both negative
• Undetectable level

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• Problems
• Not all products have DNA
• Oil / Denature
• Societal resistance for GMO
• Fear of unknown
• Terminator Gene
• Gene flow
• Allergens
• Brazil nut methionine

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LEGAL ASPECTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

• HAZRDOUS GE MICROBES
• MIN.OF ENV FORESTS, 1989
• RECOMBINENT DNA SAFETY
• MIN OF S T / DBT
• NATIONAL BT STRATEGY
• DBT / MIN. S T
• FOOD SAFETY STD. BILL
• MIN. OF FOOD PROSS. INDUSTRIES

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RULES FOR HAZARDOUS GE MICROBES

• SALE STORAGE AND HANDLING
• IMPORT / EXPORT
• PRODUCTION / PACKAGING
• AUTHORITIES
• RECOMBINANT DNA ADV COMMITTE
• DBT
• REVIEW COMMITTEE GEN MANUP.

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DBT,ICMR, ICAR, CSIR

• INSTITUTIONAL BIOSAFETY COMM.
• GEN ENGG APPROVAL COMM.
• DEPT ENV FORESTS
• STATE BT CO-ORD.COMM.
• DIST.LEVEL COMM.
• DC/PCB/CMO/AGRI OFFICER/MB
• BACTERIA,FUNGI,PARASITES,VIRUS

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APPROVAL/PROHIBITION

• NO WORK- HAZ / GE MICROBES
• WITHOUT GEAC. APPROVAL
• PERMITTED IN RES / MIN ENV FOREST
• EDUCATION /I. BIO. SAFETY COMM
• NO DELIBERATE RELEASE
• SPECIC PERIOD (4 YEARS)
• SUPERVISION.GEAC/SBCC/PCB/DLC

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PENALTIES

• DLC / SBCC USER EXPENCE
• URGENCY /STATE ACTION / RECOVER
• SEEK GOVT-IMPLEMENTATION
• ACCIDENTS TO BE NOTIFIED.
• APPEAL NEXT AUTHORITY
• 30 DAYS
• POLICE OR FOREST DEPT HELP

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RISK GROUP

• II ORD BACTERIAL PATHOGENS
• III Cl botulinum/Plague.
• II.FUNGI. CRYPTOCOCCUS
• III HISTOPLASMA CAP.
• II VIRUSES. HEPATITIS. DENGUE.
• III MONKEY POX / RABIES
• IV KFD / RSSE
• SPECIAL-LASSA / S.POX / YF / MARBERG

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PLANTS

• ALL VIRUSES
• BACTERIA XANTHOMONAS
• FUNGI - 50 FAMILIES
• PARASITIC WEEDS
• PROTOZA. PHYTOMONAS
• NEMATODES. 23 FAMILIES.
• ARTHROPOD PESTS

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R. DNA SAFETY REGULATION

• DBT. GE ORGANISMS
• G. TRA. GREEN PLANTS / ANIMALS
• R-DNA TECH VACCINES
• LARGE SCALE PDN PROHIBITED
• EXEMPT(SELF CLONING)
• COMPETENT AUTH(NON PATH)
• APPROVAL(TOXIN GENE / DRUG RES)

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CONTAINMENT-LEVAL 3 - 4

• GOOD LAB PRACTICE
• BIOLOGICAL CONTAINMENT
• VECTOR SPECIFIC
• SUVIVAL IN ENVIRONMENT
• GREEN HOUSE CONTAINMENT
• NEGATIVE PRESSURE
• POSITIVE PRESSURE

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GREEN HOUSE

• NON PATHOGEN VECTOR GH (A)
• PATHOGEN VECTOR GH (B)
• 20Lit AND ABOVE LARGE SCALE
• GE ORG SHOULD NOT BE PATHOGEN
• RELEASE TO ENVIRONMENT
• GENETIC MARKERS / HOST RANGE
• STABILITY FOR 4 YEARS

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• BIOWASTES TO BE DESTROYED
• RESEARCH DEPT.BIOTECH.
• CGO COMPLEX NEW DELHI 110003
• ENV RELEASE MIN ENV FORESTS
• PARYAVARAN BN. NEW DELHI.110003
• SUPPORTING ORGGANISATIONS
• I C M R (AIIMS COMPLEX)
• I C A R (KRISHI BN )
• C S I R (RAFI MARG)

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BIOHAZARD

• GREEN HOUSE A
• TRAINING BIOHAZARD
• I B S C
• GREEN HOUSE - B
• NEGATIVE PRESSURE
• DOUBLE DOOR - POLLEN CONTROL
• EFFLUENT TREATMENT

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EMPOWERING JUDICIARY

• TRAING FOR JUDICIARY
• CENTRE FOR FINGER PRINTING
• TRG CENTRE FOR BIO SAFETY
• NATIONAL BIOTECH. AWARENESS FUND
• HUMAN TISSUE ACT 2005
• IPR IN COLLEGE CURRICULUM
• PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

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MULTIPLICITY OF FOOD LAWS

• GROUP OF MINISTERS
• INTEGRATED FOOD LAWS
• FOOD SAFETY STANDARD ACT 2005
• GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS
• LABELLING OF FOOD PRODUCTS
• CODEX ALIMENTARIOUS
• P F A ACT. LABEL. WTS MEASURES

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FOOD AUTHORITY NEW DELHI

• AGRICULTURE / COMMERCE / HEALTH
• FOOD PROC / LAW / A FOOD TECH
• SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
• FRADULENT PRACTICE.ADULTERATION
• GM FOODS
• STATE COMMISSIONER FOR F. SAFETY
• SPCIAL APPELLATE TRIBUNAL
• SPECIAL COURT (GAS TRAGEDY)

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Thank you