Communicable Disease

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Communicable Disease

• 8 Health

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Vocabulary

• Disease- an illness that affects the proper
  functioning of the body or mind
• Communicable Diseases- diseases that can be
  passed from one person to another

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Types of Pathogen/Germs

• Bacteria tiny one-celled organisms that grow
  virtually everywhere, can be harmless or harmful,
  there are 3 types cocci, bacilli, and spirilla

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Types of Pathogen/Germs

• Viruses- smallest and simplest forms of life, are
  very specialized, can only grow and reproduce in
  living things
• Rickettsias- small bacteria that are spread by
  the bites of insects, such as ticks and lice

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Types of Pathogen/Germs

• Fungi- are simple life forms that are unable to
  make their own food, grow best in warm, dark,
  moist areas (ring worm, athletes foot)
• Protozoa- simple animal like organisms, have the
  ability to move through fluids in search of food
  (Malaria)

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Preventing the Spread of Diseases

• How are Germs Spread?
• Close Contact with a person who has the germ.
  (airborne)
• Direct contact with a person who has the germ
• Contact with animals
• Sharing utensils
• Contaminated drink or foods that contain germs

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Preventing the Spread of Diseases

• How can you prevent the Spread of Disease?
• Practice Good Health Habits
• Practice Good Health Behaviors to Protect
  Yourself Practice Good Health Habits to
  Protect Others
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v2wME3a6qlTU

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The Bodys First Line of Defense

• Tears- wash germs away from eyes, contain
  chemicals that can kill some germs
• Skin- if the skin is unbroken it acts as a
  barrier that germs cannot penetrate

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The Bodys First Line of Defense

• Mucous Membranes- secrete mucous that traps germs
• Saliva- washes germs from your teeth and helps
  keep the mouth clean, contains chemicals that
  kill germs

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The Bodys First Line of Defense

• Gastric Juice- destroys germs that enter the
  stomach through food and drink

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The Bodys Second Line of Defense

• Inflammatory Response
• It helps by flooding the spaces with lymph fluid
  which contains white blood cells, phagocytes, and
  others. It also helps to contain the contaminate.
• Phagocytes released by nearby blood vessels, they
  engulf germs and destroy them
• Fever kills germs that cannot survive body temp
  higher than usual

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Third Line of Defense

• IMMUNE SYSTEM
• gives the body the ability to remember how to
  destroy the same germ if it invades again. The
  next time the body can respond quickly to kill
  the germ so you dont get sick.

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Third Line of Defense

• The Lymphatic System
• A secondary circulatory system of vessels and
  nodes that carry a fluid called lymph
• Lymph nodes are small lumps of lymphatic tissue
  located throughout the system that act as filters
  to keep germs from invading body tissues

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Third Line of Defense

• The white blood cells in the
• lymphatic system are lymphocytes
• B-cells- produce antibodies that fight germs
• T-cells- attack germs directly and stimulate
  B-cells to work
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v9uWaPtxTYvk

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Immunity and Vaccines

• You can become immune to a viral disease by
  having that disease once before.
• (flu that specific strand, chicken pox)
• Vaccine- a preparation of dead or weakened germs
  that is injected into the body to cause the
  immune system to produce antibodies

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Common Communicable Diseases

• The Common Cold
• most common communicable disease, caused by
  viruses
• Influenza
• characterized by exhaustion, chills, headache,
  body ache, respiratory problems, and fever.
• Strep
• Sore throat caused by streptococcal bacteria

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Common Communicable Diseases

• Hepatitis
• viral disease of the liver characterized by
  yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes.
  Hepatitis A B and C
• Mononucleosis
• A viral disease that attacks the lymph nodes in
  the neck and throat, most common in teens and
  young adults.